Chapter 9 Internetworking

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Chapter 9Internetworking

• Internetworking Technology
• System Network Architecture/Local Area Network
  Integration

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Internetworking Technology

• Bridging
• Routing
• Switching
• Repeating

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Bridging

• Equipment bridges
• Operation
• 80/20 rule
• Destination and source address
• Known local nodes table
• Forward-if-not-local
• Broadcasting

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Bridging - Pros Cons

• Pros
• Easy to install configure
• Quick cost-effective
• Between different network architectures
• Different media types
• providing repeating, retiming regenerating
• Cons
• Propagation (all LANs)
• Broadcast storm (improperly addressed frame)

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Routing

• Equipment routers
• Operation
• Router is destination address of data link layer
• Read network layer destination address
• Use routing table to select the best path
• Create new destination address (destination
  router) of data link layer
• Forward-if-proven-remote

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Routing - Pros Cons

• Pros
• More efficient use of bandwidth
• Load balance (best path hops, cost congestion)
• Dynamic routing table
• Firewall (misaddressed or misbehaving frames)
• Scaleable
• Management information via SNMP
• Multiple protocols
• Cons
• Complexity
• Costs

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Switching

• Equipment switches
• Pros
• Increase bandwidth
• Virtual LANs
• Cons
• No filtering or security
• Single path
• Management problem (microsecond)

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Repeaters

• Regenerating retiming incoming digital signal
• Pass all signals
• Connect different media
• Extend LAN distance

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LAN-To-Mainframe

• Hierarchical networks Classic SNA (system
  network architecture)
• Micro-Mainframe

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Classic SNA Architecture

• Front-end Processor (FED)
• Cluster controller

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FEPs - Functions

• Security
• Error checking
• Code converting
• Line management
• Message queue
• Managing computer resources
• Usage accounting

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Cluster Controller

• Similar to FEP
• Low cost

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Micro-Mainframe

• LAN-based SNA gateway
• LAN server with protocol conversion software
  hardware
• Cost effective
• Mainframe channel-attached gateway
• Replace FEP
• Cheaper

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SNA Model

• Transaction service
• Presentation service
• Data flow control
• Transmission control
• Path control
• Data link control Physical control

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Assignment

• Review chapters 8 - 9
• Read chapter 13