City of Bend

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City of Bend
Firestop Training
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Life Safety Seminar City of Bend

Commitment Teamwork Integrity Presented By
Don Bates Senior Fire Protection Specialist
Pacific NW
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Beyond Firestop 101Common Firestopping Field
IssuesandIndustry Trends
Presented by Don Bates Senior Fire Protection
Specialist
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DETECTION
The Three Elements OF Life Safety
SUPPRESSION
COMPARTMENTATION
(1)
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Other Notable FiresMay 2001 - Taipei Office
BuildingFire started on 3rd FloorSpread and
jumped to 26th Floor
Other Notable Fires August 2000 - Moscows
Ostankino TowerCause of fire - Short circuit in
wiringAutomatic sprinklers failed May 1977 -
Beverly Hills Supper ClubCause of fire - Short
circuit in wiringSmoke and toxic gases killed
165Litigation completed in 2001
1980 MGM Grand Hotel 84 Died 679
Injured Sprinkler System Failure
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Section 1
Containment In Construction
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Containment In Construction
Membrane-Penetrations
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Containment In Construction
Construction Joints
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Containment In Construction
Through-Penetrations
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CPVC Piping
Index
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Through-Penetration Systems

• Main Criteria
• F-Rating Prohibits flame passage through the
  system for the duration of the fire test.
• T-Rating Max. temp. rise of 325 F above ambient
  on the non-fireside
• L-Rating Amount of air leakage
• Hose Stream Performance

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Firestop Installation
Section 2
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Firestop Installation
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Point of Contact - Annular Space
NOTE Min/Max Annular Space Requirements
Index
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Point of Contact - Annular Space
Maximum
Penetrant
Penetrant
Annular Space
Firestop
Mineral Wool
Minimum
Minimum
Index
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Point Contact
Bead of Firestop Sealant at Point of Contact
Penetrant
Penetrant
Firestop
Firestop
Mineral Wool
Index
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Point of Contact
Note ½ bead of sealant at Point of Contact
Index
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Continuous Point of Contact
Bead of Firestop Sealant around penetrant, size
as indicated in UL system
Penetrant
Penetrant
Index
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Point of Contact
Note ½ bead of sealant at Point of Contact
Index
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Firestop Installation
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Firestop Installation
Profile of Firestop Sealant
Penetrating Item
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Firestop Installiation
Profile of Firestop Sealant
Penetrating Item
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How Firestopping is Tested
Section 3
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How Firestopping is Tested
3 Parts of a UL System
1) Fire-Rated Wall or Floor
2) Penetrating Item(s) (If any)
3) Firestop Fill Material(s)
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Through-Penetration Test Before
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Through-Penetration Test During
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Through-Penetration Test After
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Example of Successful Testing
Construction - 4 PVC Through Drywall Firestopping
- Intumescent Device Sealant
Before After
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Hosestream
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Assembly is exposed to fire test.
Assembly is placed on furnace.
Assembly results after hose stream.
Assembly is subjected to hose stream test.
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• Testing For Joints

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Fire Resistive Joint Testing
Head of Wall Joint
Floor to Floor Joint
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ASTM E1399 Cyclic Movement and Measuring Min.
Max. Joint Widths of Architectural Joint Systems

• Cycling Requirements
• Class Movement Min. Cycles Frequency
• I Thermal 500 1 cycle / min.
• II Wind Sway 500 10 cycle / min.
• III Seismic 100 30 cycle / min.
• IV Combined 100 30 cycle / min. 400 10 cycle /
  min

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The System Approach
Section 4
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Hilti Technical Support - Web
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Hilti Technical Support - Web
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Hilti Technical Support - Web
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I cant find a tested system for my application..
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Engineering Judgements

What is it? Why do these exist? How are
these drawings created?
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The System Approach

• When are they acceptable?
• When tested systems do not exist.
• When modifying the application is unrealistic.
• When existing test data supports the
  interpolation.
• When the author has experience with and knowledge
  of the conditions.
• When an illustration is provided to aid in
  installation.

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Sources of Engineering Judgements
The System Approach

• Manufacturer
• Third party labs (UL)
• Fire Protection Engineer
• Professional Engineer

Must be based on sound engineering practice and
knowledge of both field application and
capabilities of system components
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The System Approach

• According to the International Firestop Council
  listed firestop systems can be broadened within
  the context of their originally tested and rated
  conditions through the careful and restricted
  application of accepted engineering principles
  and fire protection testing guidelines.

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What is Fireblocking and Draftstopping?

• HILTIFoam Systems

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Fireblocking is a Code requirement pertaining to
wood frame construction (non fire-rated
assemblies). This is accomplished by sealing
small openings inside the cavity of a wall at the
following pointsBetween top story and roof or
attic spaceHorizontally every 10 ftBetween
floors
What is fireblocking?
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What materials are used for fireblocking?

• Traditionally, only non combustible or firestop
  sealants were considered acceptable for
  Fireblocking. However, many cities are now
  approving a variety of materials for use in these
  applications
• Mineral Wool
• Foam (CF 810)
• Firestop Sealants (FS-ONE, 606)
• Noncombustible sealants (CP 136)

• Approved materials vary per jurisdiction
• Many cities are now requiring an ICC approval
  report
• Know the requirements in your local markets

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How is fireblocking different from firestopping?
FIRESTOPPING
FIREBLOCKING

• Penetrates through wall floor surfaces
• Fire-rated assemblies
• Commercial / steel stud construction

• Inside of wall cavity only (studs, plates)
• Non fire-rated assemblies
• Applies to wood frame (1 2 family homes)

Non fire-rated wall
Fire-rated wall

• Fireblocking materials such as foam CANNOT be
  used for firestopping.

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Example of fireblocking
Ref 2000 International Building Code Commentary,
Vol. 1
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Draftstopping

• Some old building codes used to call this
  firestopping also
• Draftstopping is designed to break up open spaces
  of combustible concealed areas into manageable
  pieces
• crawl spaces, floor/ceiling assembly,
  roof/ceiling assembly, attics
• resist the movement of air
• retard the spread of fire
• e.g. 1/2 gypsum board, 3/8 particleboard
• can use sprinklers in the concealed space instead

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FIELD ISSUE

• When are putty pads required at electrical boxes
  in a fire rated wall?
• Does each side of the wall need to be protected?
• Is there a UL listing for composite electrical
  boxes?

Index
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Putty Pads
Index
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Putty Pads Electrical Box Inserts

• Electrical Box Inserts are firestopping products
  that are intended to be installed inside the box
  from the open (accessible) side.
• Acceptable products should have a UL CLIV
  listing.

Index
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FIELD ISSUE

• What is the L-Rating and is it required by Code?

Index
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L-Ratings

• The rate of air leakage through a firestop test
  assembly
• OPTIONAL test
• Measured in cu.-ft./min. per
• sq.ft. for through penetrations
• Lineal foot for joints
• Lower number is better (less leakage)
• As of 2006 IBC, Smoke Barriers require L-Rating
  of no more than
• .5 cfm / sq. ft. for Through Penetrations, and
• .5 cfm / lin. ft. for Joints

Index
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Test Furnace for Leakage
Index
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FIELD ISSUE

• What is the W-Rating and is it required by Code?

Index
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UL W-Rating Test Criteria

• Class I Commercial Construction
• Exposed to 3 ft water column for 72 hours
• Permanent dye added to water
• No leakage of water
• Must pass fire and hose after exposure to water
  to receive Class I rating
• Announced by UL in 2004
• Optional Test

Index
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FIELD ISSUE

• Can a shaftwall be firestopped from the exterior
  face only?

Index
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Shaft Wall Framing System
Liner Board
Ductwork In Shaft
2-layers of 5/8 GWB (not installed)
Index
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Firestop Inspection
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What is the most important question you need to
be prepared to answer after installing firestop?
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• What Tested System Are You Using ?

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Systems and Engineering Judgments
Important!
Thorough compliance with the manufacturers
installation instructions and appropriate UL
System or Engineering Judgment is imperative.
If its not completely correct, its not right,
and may not perform as intended.
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• What Tested System Are You Using ?

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System Drawings
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Typical Application Concrete Floor F-Rating 2
Hrs Copper Pipe 4 Annular Space 2.0 Concrete
Thickness 4.5
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Concrete Wall Block Wall to underside slab (
underground parking )
Block Wall /Concrete Slab F-Rating 2
Hrs Dynamic Movement Max. Joint Width 1
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Frequently Asked Questions?
Conclusion
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What type of Firestop do I use? (putty, caulk,
board,etc.)
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7) Conclusion - Frequently Asked Questions?
WHAT IS THE FIRE RATING FOR YOUR CAULK?

• Firestopping products do not have a fire rating
  (e.g. 1 of caulk does not equate to a 1 hr
  rating, etc.)

• The assembly in which it is installed has the
  fire rating

• The thousands of different firestop systems each
  detailing the required parameters and building
  components

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7) Conclusion - Frequently Asked Questions?
IS MINERAL WOOL 1-HOUR RATED?

• NO. Mineral wool is a component of many
  firestop systems but is normally used in
  conjunction with sealants or coatings

• Mineral wool alone does not pass the hose stream
  test

• Mineral wool alone will not provide a smoke seal

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Hourly Rating

• What is the hourly rating of any Firestop product?

ZERO Only Firestop Systems have ratings!
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Systems vs. Products

• What is the hourly rating of any manufacturers
  Firestop product?

• Ø
• Only Firestop SYSTEMS are rated
• Firestop products are merely components of systems

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7) Conclusion - Frequently Asked Questions?
ARE ALL FIRESTOP SEALANTS EQUAL?

• NO. Each manufacturers material has its own
  unique properties and functions when applied in a
  firestop system design.

• Similar firestop products cannot be used
  interchangeably

• Each firestop system must be judged on its own
  merits and within the parameters of each
  manufacturers system specific design

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Firestopping Terms Definitions

• Intumescent- Materials which expand when exposed
  to heat (Typically 2-10 times original volume).
• Elastomeric- Materials which have movement
  capabilites able to withstand numerous cycling
  with respect to static or dynamic joints

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ASTM E 1966 / UL 2079 Test Standards
for Construction Joint Firestop Systems

• Assembly Rating
• Measures both the fire and temperature ratings on
  the non-fireside
• Utilizes same time temperature curve as ASTM E
  814
• Hose stream is only required for top-of-wall and
  wall-to-wall joints
• L-Rating (currently optional)
• The amount of air leakage through the firestop
  system at ambient and 400F
• Determines the systems ability to restrict the
  movement of smoke
• Measured in CFM/sq. ft. (the lower the number,
  the better)

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• Improper Installations

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Improper Firestop Installations

• Not just any firestop product will
• meet the requirements
• Must be installed in accordance
• with tested system

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Common Non-Tested Products Used

• Drywall mud and tape
• Filler foam
• Combustible materials (i.e. newspaper,
  Styrofoam)
• Nothing at all

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Visual Inspection Quiz Whats wrong with these
installs?
Dissimilar products in the same opening is not
allowed
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Visual Inspection Quiz Whats wrong with this
install?
Head of wall joint is firestopped, but
penetrations are not
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Correct Firestop Installations
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Open Forum/Questions

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Thank You
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Buy your Firestop Installed and ave

• Advantages
• Installed Correctly-Always!
• -No going Back!!
• Customized to fit deck size
• Minimal labor costs.

Hilti CP680
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Coring

• Labor Costs
• Step 1 Pour Concrete
• Step 2 Layout pipes (1)
• Step 3 Core holes (2)
• Step 4 Run Pipes (3)
• Step 5 Firestop pipes (4)
• s indicate X to visit hole

• Material Costs
• Sleeves (Optional)
• Coring Machine and Bit
• Firestop
• Mineral Wool

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Setting Traditional Sleeves

• Labor Costs
• Step 1 Layout sleeves (1)
• Step 2 Burn deck
• Set Sleeve (2)
• Step 3 Pour Concrete
• Step 4 Run Pipes (3)
• Step 5 Firestop pipes (4)

• Material Costs
• Sleeve
• Firestop
• Mineral Wool

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Setting Firestop SleevesHiltis Cast In Place
CP680

• Labor Costs
• Step 1 Layout Pipe (1)
• Step 2 Burn deck
• set sleeve (2)
• Step 3 Pour concrete
• Step 4 Run Pipes (3)
• Material Costs
• Cast In Place Device
• Metal Deck Adapters
• (if applicable)

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Labor-The real cost

• When talking about CP680- Emphasis labor
• Dont forget
• Taking a 5lb bucket or Box of foils up and down
  the hoist.
• Carrying mineral wool and fire stop around a
  floor.
• When talking about coring ask how long it takes
  to
• set up machine, core hole, move to next hole and
  repeat
• Bring a calculator and figure out what it costs
  step by step.
• Journeyman Local 3 Labor Rate 80/per Hour
• Journeyman Local 1 Labor Rate 74/per Hour

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Labor-The real cost

• When talking about CP680- Emphasis labor
• Dont forget
• Taking a 5lb bucket or Box of foils up and down
  the hoist.
• Carrying mineral wool and fire stop around a
  floor.
• When talking about coring ask how long it takes
  to
• set up machine, core hole, move to next hole and
  repeat
• Bring a calculator and figure out what it costs
  step by step.
• Journeyman Local 3 Labor Rate 80/per Hour
• Journeyman Local 1 Labor Rate 74/per Hour

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Open Forum/Questions

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