Training System for C4I A Federated Approach

1
Training System for C4I- A Federated Approach

• Rune Sjöström
• Ulf Johansson
• Stefan Ohlsson
• Per Sjökvist
• Jan Tegnér

2
Background

• Need for a building block method to make new and
• enhanced training systems for C4ISR operators
  with
• Possibility to mix legacy simulators with newly
  developed simulators
• Possibility to mix proprietary company simulators
  with COTS simulators
• Better networking capabilities

3
The concept idea

• Use of simulation standards
• Define a building block architecture
• Define design rules for building blocks to fit
  into the concept
• Include standard building blocks for common
  functions

4
Concept Objectives
5
Training and Integration

• Operational training
• Tactical mission training
• Autonomous simulators
• Real time simulation
• Tight local networking with integrated exercise
  control and object exchange
• Loose remote networking with integrated object
  exchange

6
Object Simulation

• Natural environment
• CGF Ground, air, naval, military, civilian
• Equipment (sensors, weapons) connected to to the
  C4ISR system
• Units and centres connected to to the C4ISR
  system
• Links and networks
• Audio/video effects

7
Simulation Management

• Exercise scenario design
• Preview function
• Exercise control (load, init, start, pause, stop)
• Instructor supervision and control
• Role players
• Recording/replay

8
Decisions on Alternatives
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The C4ISR System
Simulated C4ISR system
Live C4ISR system

• Easy to include initial condition loading
• Easy to include pause function
• Easy to experiment with C4ISR functionality and
  user interface
• May be expensive to develop

• Train as you fight
• Easy to upgrade when the C4ISR system change
• Cost effective if the C4ISR system exists
• Chosen!

10
Simulation connection to the C4ISR system
Use of ordinary operational interfaces
Use of special simulation interfaces

• No well established standards yet
• Emerging standards from SISO- C4ISR/SIM
  Technical Reference Model- Tactical Data Link
  study
• The way for the future ?!

• Standards exists and are well established
• Connections exists to the C4ISR system if a real
  system is used
• Chosen as solution today

11
Simulation data exchange

• Many alternatives Company standard, DIS, HLA,
  CORBA, XML
• HLA chosen Well established with a high
  functionality content
• HLA 1.3 state of the art today
• HLA 1516 preferred choice for the future

12
The training and exercise (TRX) concept
13
Federation Networking

• The internal federation consist of the C4ISR
  system and simulation federates connected to it.
• The partner federation consists of independent
  training systems with synchronised exercise
  control.
• The external federation consists of loosely
  coupled training systems which may be used for
  joint training.
• Bridges may be necessary to overcome technical
  gaps.

14
Subsystem Architecture
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Internal C4I federation
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Key Interfaces

• The Exercise Data Base interface
• The Terrain Data Base interface
• The C4ISR system interface Live interfaces
• The System Management interface
• The Exercise Management interface Extended HLA
  MOM
• The CGF / SAF interface RPR FOM / HLA
• The Communication Effects interface
• The Audio/Video interface
• The Recording Data Base interface
• The Evaluation Result interface

17
Exercise design
Grand Challenge
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System start-up

• System Management Start up Agents in each node
• The Start up Agents are started at reboot.

19
Exercise control

• The exercise control sends individual state
  transition interactions to each federate.
• The federates publishes their internal state to
  acknowledge the exercise control.
• Freeze/Continue may not be supported by live
  C4ISR systems participating in the federation.

20
Time management

• Within a local network time is synchronized
  using Network Time Protocol (NTP).
• GPS time is used to synchronize time between
  different sites.
• Federations may only run in real time.
• The exercise control publishes at which Wall
  clock time the exercise should start and what the
  simulated time is at that moment.

21
The concept verification prototype
22
Future concept development

• Simulation of data links and communication
  effects
• Embedded training in C4ISR systems
• Synthetic operators using AI techniques and
  speech recognition/synthesis
• Detailed analysis of the AAR phase

23
Summary and conclusions

• Too early to do fully integrated scenario design.
• Need for standards for scenario definition.
• Integrated exercise execution
• System start-up OK.
• Exercise control OK.
• Data distribution and networking
• HLA/RPR-FOM OK.

24
Recommendations for SISO efforts

• Scenario definition format
• Continue efforts from NATO, U.S. Army and EUCLID
  RTP 11.13
• FOM/MOM extensions for exercise control
• Communication effects
• C4I to simulation integration
• Continue and complete SISO efforts