Southeast Asia

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Southeast Asia

• Chapter 29

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• ½ size of U.S.
• 10 Countries Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam,
  Malaysia, Brunei, Philippines, Singapore,
  Indonesia, East Timor
• Archipelago group of islands
• Indochina and Malay Peninsulas
• Ring of Fire volcanoes
• Indonesia has over 100

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Resources and Climate

• Resources
• Fossil Fuels
• Gemstones
• Minerals
• Climate
• Tropical
• Rainforests- hot, humid, rainy

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History

• Colonized by Europeans
• Grew coffee, tobacco, tea

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Vietnam

• French colony
• Independence 1954
• North Communism
• South Democracy
• Vietcong (North) invaded South in 1963

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War

• U.S. provided aid to South
• Attacked in Gulf of Tonkin
• Troops in 1965
• Draft in 1969

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Tactics

• U.S.
• Helicopters, bombers, tanks, ground troops
• Agent Orange herbicide
• Side Effects
• Vietcong
• Guerilla warfare
• Knowledge of terrain
• Weapons from China, USSR
• 200 miles of tunnels
• Booby traps punji sticks, land mines, trip wires

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Agent Orange
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Tsunami 2004

• Indian Ocean earthquake triggered tsunami
• Deadliest on record
• 310,000 killed

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The Pacific World

• Chapter 31-32

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Australia

• Wealthy, Democratic
• Physical Geography
• Great Barrier Reef
• Murray and Darling Rivers
• Outback dry interior of Australia
• Animals
• Marsupials kangaroo, koala, wallaby
• Natural Resources
• Mineral and Energy
• Coal, Oil, Natural Gas
• 6 farmland

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History

• 1st People Aborigines
• Came from SE Asia 40,000 years ago
• Nomadic
• Boomerangs- curved throwing sticks
• 300,000 aborigines when Europeans came in 1700s
• British settled as prisoner colony
• By 1830 60,000 prisoners had been sent to
  Australia
• 6 large colonies developed- Commonwealth of
  Australia
• Close ally of Great Britain

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People

• 92 of 19 million people are British or European
• English official language
• Aussie accent
• Special words
• 200,000 Aborigines

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Land Use

• Majority live along Southeast coast
• Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide
• 85 of people live in cities

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Religion and Customs

• Majority Christian
• Aborigines traditional ways
• Asians- Buddhist and Muslims
• Swimming, surfing, going to the beach
• Rugby and Cricket
• Aboriginal art
• Food- mix of Mediterranean and Asian
• Beef, lamb roasted on barbie

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Tourism

• Growing industry
• Millions per year
• Destinations
• Great Barrier Reef
• Ayers Rock
• Sydney
• Long travel times15 hour flight from LA, 24 hour
  flight from London

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New Zealand

• 1000 miles SE of Australia
• Pop 3.9 million
• British colonial history
• North Island (75 of pop) and South Island
• 80 in cities
• 30 in capital of Auckland
• Mountainous
• Mt. Cook

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Today

• Maori-1st people
• From Pacific Islands
• Maori wars with British 1845-1872 (Maori lost)
• Today many have mixed European and Maori heritage
• Maori -10 of population
• Hydropower
• Farming, manufacturing, tourism
• Kiwi fruit
• 50 farmland
• Sheep outnumber people 13 to 1
• Record holders clip wool from sheep in 1 min.

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Pacific Islands

• Pacific Ocean- largest natural feature on earth
• 10,000 islands
• High or low islands
• Continental islands formed on shallow
  continental shelf
• Oceanic islands volcanic that have grown from
  ocean floor to surface
• Atoll ring shaped coral island
• Coral Reef formed by millions of tiny marine
  animal skeletons
• Rainforest of ocean
• Cover 0.2 of ocean floor, but 25 of species

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Three Island Groups

• Division based on cultural variations and special
  arrangement of islands
• Melanesia
• Closest to Australia
• New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New
  Caledonia, Fiji
• Mostly mountains and volcanoes
• Micronesia
• East of Philippines
• Caroline Islands, Gilbert Islands, Northern
  Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands
• Mix of high and low
• Polynesia
• Largest, corners at Easter Island, Hawaiian
  Islands, NZ
• Cook, Marquesas, Samoa, Society and Tonga
  Islands, Tuamotu Archipelago

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Colonization

• European Influence
• Colonized by Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, GB,
  France, Germany, Japan, U.S.
• Territories today
• US Guam, Wake Island, American Samoa, Northern
  Mariana Islands
• Federated States of Micronesia- free association
• Citizens allowed to work in U.S. in exchange for
  military bases on their islands
• Australia, Chile, France, NZ, UK also have
  territories in Pacific