Lesson 31: Innocent and the Inquisition

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Lesson 31 Innocent and the Inquisition

• The bright and dark

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Ancient Church History
Medieval Church History
Modern Church History
Apostolic Church
The First Medieval Pope
Apostolic Fathers
The Rise of the Holy Roman Empire
The Crusades
Church Councils
Golden Age of Church Fathers
The Papacy in Decline
The Pre-Reformers
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Lothario Conti b. 1160
1190 Cardinal Deacon of Rome
1197 Elected Pope
Innocent III (1198-1216)
I. The Papacy in Italy and Europe
Vicar of Christ
A person who stands in someone elses place
No! We are the successors of Peter the prince
of the apostles, but we are not his vicar, nor
are we the vicar of any man or any apostle we
are the vicar of Jesus Christ Himself
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Battle of Bouvines (NE France)
Result weakened German monarch
Fredrick II (1210-1250)
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Interdict
John of England (1199-1216)
The English monarchy, in many ways the most
successful in Europe, lay prostrate in the dust
at the feet of Innocent III. Needham, V 2, pg
305
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Phillip Augustus of France (1180-1223)
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II. Internal Church Affairs
Legates appointed by Pope answers only to him
Fourth Lateran Council 1215
Doctrinal Transubstantiation
Condemn heresies Cathars and Waldensians
Institutionalized anti-Semitism
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III. The Church, Its Adversaries and Inquisition
The Dissenting or Free Church Tradition

1. Voluntary church membership

• Saw church as gathered rather than parish

• Church made up of ones experiencing the new
  birth

2. Adult baptism upon profession of faith
3. Separation from the world

• Mainline Christianity tended toward cultural
  captivity

• Dissenters called for radical obedience

4. Absolute separation of the church and state
5. Simplicity in church organization and worship

• Wary of hierarchy, ornate worship, vestments

• Iconoclastic

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III. The Church, Its Adversaries and Inquisition
Cathars Albigensians
The beliefs and practices of the Cathars were
basically identical with those of the Gnostics
from the early Church period Dr. Needham
Pure Ones
Inner group the perfect
Outer group believers
Albigensian Crusade
(1209-1229)
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• He commissioned the translation of several books
  of the Bible

• He abandoned his business and distributed his
  goods to the poor

If you wish to be perfect, sell what you have
and follow me Mk. 1022
We have decided to live by the words of the
Gospel, essentially that of the Sermon on the
Mount, and the Commandments, that is, to live in
poverty without concern for tomorrow. But we hold
that also those who continue to live their lives
in the world doing good will be saved.

• He determined to preach the gospel in public

Waldo of Lyons Valdes of Lyon (?...c 1217)
It is better to obey God than man
Peter Waldo
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The Poor
Lux lucet in tenebris Light Shining in Darkness
Why the Waldensians?

• Hear the Word of God
• Live in voluntary poverty
• Share (preach) the message

Barba or Uncle
Teachers who went 2 x 2 disguised as merchants
1532 Synod of Chanforan recognized Reformed
movement
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The Inquisition
Franciscans Dominicans
Innocent III and the Franciscans