Processing Levels

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Processing Levels
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Consecutive Versus Simultaneous
Processing Consecutive more likely for
Dialogic Simultaneous more likely Monologic

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Communication Variables and Transcommunication
Choices Intention, Immediacy, and Interaction.
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(No Transcript)
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Literal Processing, Idiomatic Processing
Cultural Adjustment
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Information Processing Levels
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Phonological (Sublexical) Processing Phonological
processing results from a focus on how the words
are produced, rather than what they mean.

Lexical Processing The Lexical level focuses on
words so that conceptual accuracy is maintained
between the source and target texts, but not much
more adjustment is made.
Sample Mimed Music (Comedy)
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Syntactic Processing The Syntactic level includes
the juxtaposition of words within grammatical
relationships so that conceptually accurate words
are also used in their correct grammatical
category.
Semantic Processing The Semantic level includes
the organization of phrases into complete and
coherent sentences and connections between
sentences.
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Pragmatic Processing The Pragmatic level
includes the organization of the entire text so
that it would appear that the target text was in
fact originally created in the target language
and that the source language culture had not
been involved at all. Hypothetical Source
Most people remember where they were and what
they were doing when Kennedy was
assassinated. Hypothetical Target LONG-AGO,
1963 SOMEONE KILL PRESIDENT J-F-K. MOST PEOPLE
REMEMBER THAT DAY. WORK, PLAY, SCHOOL,
NO-MATTER, MOMENT HEAR JFK DIE, DO-DO
(topicalized), REMEMBER THAT WILL (head-nod).
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Stylistic (Whole-Text) Processing The Stylistic
level includes the processing of the entire text
so that it reveals equivalent elements of the
speakers organization and personality.
Difficult to achieve in Simultaneous
Processing. Hard to achieve in Consecutive
Processing. Best chance to achieve in
Translation, including a specific matching of the
performer of the translation with the performer
of the source text.
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Consecutive vs Simultaneous
Idiomatic vs Lexical
Phonological Lexical Syntactic
Semantic Pragmatic Stylistic
Interpreting
Trans-Coding
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Reasons to Choose Literal Interpreting Literal
interpretations may be very useful for bilingual
deaf people. Person English may be the
dominant language for the Deaf person. In this
case ASL is a means of accessing information but
the Deaf person prefers to have the information
arranged in English grammatical structures.
Setting The environment surrounding the
communication may be academic or business
oriented, both of which tend to make extensive
use of written languages for books, assignments,
and computers. References to written materials
may require Literal Interpretation. Topic The
topic may be information that will appear on an
examination or may be expected to be reproduced
in the minutes of a meeting or in company
reports, etc. Some technical topics may require
Literal Interpretation for jargon and phrases
that are specific the field being discussed.
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• Review Questions
• What factors influence the decision to use
  consecutive or simultaneous processing?
• 2. What does unduly free mean?
• 3. Provide an example of a transcommunication
  event that is not immediate, not intentional and
  not interactive between the source and target
  consumers.
• 4. What are the six levels of information
  processing?
• 5. Why might an interpreter deliberately choose
  to use lexical processing?
• 6. What is the difference between literal and
  idiomatic processing?
• 7. Why might a consumer of interpreting services
  prefer literal processing?
• 8. What kinds of considerations may influence the
  interpreters decision to choose literal
  processing?
• 9. What is the correct label for work that the
  RID certified as Transliterating?
• 10. Which levels of information processing are
  more likely for simultaneous interpreting versus
  translating?

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• Suggested Activities
• Take a childrens story (with lots of pictures)
  and generate three different versions in your
  second language a) a word-for-word processing,
  b) a semantic processing of each paragraph of the
  story, and c) a complete recasting of the entire
  story that may not match the sequencing of the
  original story.
• 2. Generate a translation of one of the
  dialogues that open each chapter in this book.
  Work toward making a stylistically processed
  translation.
• Choose one of the Codes of Ethics presented in
  Appendix B and generate a monolingual
  syntactic-level processed rewording of each of
  its tenets. The result should represent the same
  meanings, but use different word orders than the
  original text.

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• Suggested Activities
• Choose one of the Codes of Ethics presented in
  Appendix B and generate a semantic-level
  translation of each of its tenets using another
  language that you know. The result should
  represent the same meanings, but use appropriate
  grammatical structures and vocabulary of the
  target language.
• 5. Generate a translation of the Preamble to the
  US Constitution (located in the appendices to
  this book). Ensure that you process at least to
  the semantic level by providing contextual
  information so that the resulting translation
  makes sense to someone who does not have
  extensive knowledge about the founding of the
  United States.