Review of Course

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Review of Course
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Chapter 1

• System of Units
• Language of Science (math/SI)
• Scientific Method

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Chapter 2 (Motion)

• Galileo versus Aristotle
• Concept of Acceleration
• F m a
• v a t v0
• Newton Laws of Motion
• Gravity

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Chapter 3 (Energy)

• w (PE) F x
• KE m v2 / 2
• Conservation of Energy
• Interchange (KE to PE)
• Sources of Energy today

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Chapter 4 (Heat Temperature)

• Heat as random thermal motion
• Molecular description of heat
• Phase transitions
• Thermometers (Celsius, Kelvin)

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Chapter 5 (Waves Sound)

• Wavelength, Amplitude, Frequency
• Speed of Wave (constant for light)
• Reflection, refraction, interference
• Energy in Waves
• Doppler shift of waves

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Chapter 6 (Electricity)

• Electrons as charge carrier
• Resistance, Current, Voltage, Power
• V I R
• Electrical work (power over time)
• w P t V I t
• Magnets from Electricity
• Power plants and Electricity

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Chapter 7 (Light)

• Full spectrum (not just visible)
• Light as a wave versus particle
• Energy in light (E h f)
• Photoelectric effect
• Light from atoms

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Chapter 8 (Atoms)

• Models of atom
• Dalton to Thomson to Rutherford to Bohr
• Quantum description
• electron configurations
• Nucleus (protons and neutrons)
• Atomic line spectra
• Periodicity on periodic table

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Chapter 9 (Reactions)

• Elements versus compounds
• Chemical change versus physical
• Valence electrons bonding
• Ionic
• Covalent
• Metallic
• Chemical equations

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Chapter 10 (Water)

• Ionic solvation theory
• Properties of water (ice density key)
• Hydrogen bonds
• Solution concentration
• Acid/Base theory

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Chapter 11 (Nuclear Reactions)

• Decay modes (alpha, beta, gamma)
• Band of stability
• more neutrons than protons
• Decay equations
• balance charge
• balance mass
• Fission versus Fusion
• Half-life problems/concepts

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Chapter 12 (Universe)

• Origin and Structure of stars
• Blackbody radiation curve
• H-R Diagram
• magnitude versus temperature
• Life of a star
• Galaxies Hubble
• Milky way versus others
• Red-shifted galactic spectra
• Age of the Universe

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Chapter 13 (Solar system)

• Planetary formation
• Planets versus moons, comets asteroids
• Motion of planets moon
• Eclipses
• Retrograde motion
• Motion of stars
• Model of solar system

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Chapter 14 (Earth)

• Rock cycle
• Structure of planet (core, mantle, crust)
• Plate tectonics
• Magnetism
• Earthquakes/Faults
• Energy from within (radioactive decay)

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Chapter 15 (Earth Surface)

• Volcanoes
• Folding/Faulting
• Igneous/Metamorphic/Sedimentary rocks
• Weathering Erosion
• Extraterrestrial impacts

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Chapter 16 (Weather)

• Atmosphere
• Composition
• Layers (troposphere, stratosphere)
• Ozone layer
• Pressure and winds
• Climate bands and seasons

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Chapter 17 (Earths Water)

• Oceans and Ice distribution
• Movement and Composition of seawater
• Various currents and weather
• Tides

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Chapter 18 (Biochemistry)

• Organic molecules and functional groups
• Isomers
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• DNA/RNA
• Lipids

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Chapter 19 (Life)

• Cells
• Prokaryotic versus Eukaryotic
• Domains (eubacteria, archaea, eucarya)
• Membrane versus Wall
• Organelles
• Ribosomes
• Mitosis versus Meiosis

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Chapter 20 (Evolution)

• Darwin and Origin of Life
• CO2 atmosphere to O2 atmosphere
• Origin of Eukaryotic cells
• Natural selection
• Asexual versus sexual reproduction
• Differential reproduction and mating
• Evidence of Evolution
• Speciation

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Chapter 21 (History of Life)

• Radioactive dating of strata
• Fossil record distribution
• Events in geologic history
• Evolution of humans
• Tree of life concept
• Viruses

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Chapter 22 (Ecology)

• Definitions of ecosystem
• Energy flow in ecosystems
• Food webs in ecosystems
• Different terrains
• Population issues
• Cycling of materials
• Carbon cycle
• Nitrogen cycle

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Chapter 23 (Sex)

• Mating to produce genetic variation
• Mitosis versus Meiosis
• Chromosomes and genes

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Chapter 24 (Human AP)

• Types of cells
• Major systems
• Circulatory
• Respiratory
• Digestive
• Immune

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Chapter 25 (Genetics)

• Mendel pea experiments
• Punnett squares
• Central dogma (DNA to RNA to Proteins)
• Replication, Transcription, Translation
• Codons
• Genotype versus phenotype
• Gene as sequence of DNA