Integrating Safety

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Integrating Safety Health Staff in Emergency
Response Through Training and Drills - Low
Hazards Facilities John Richards,
CSPUniversity of CaliforniaLawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
Work performed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by University of California,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract W-7405-ENG-48. UCRL-PRES -211367
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A multipurpose national laboratory founded and
operated by the University of California since
1952

• 8600 UC employees
• (1000 contractors)
• Annual budget
• 1.6 billion

• Main site 1.5 square mile
• 554 facilities only 14 in HazMat Program
• 4 - Moderate Hazard, 8 - Low Hazard, 2 -
  General Industry
• Experimental test site 20 miles away (10 sq. mi.)

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Safety and Health Support

• A Division of the Hazards Control Department
• 5 independent Environment, Safety Health (ESH)
  Teams support LLNL
• Each team (25 - 30 per team)
• Leader, Deputy, Administrative staff
• Health Physicist, Industrial Hygienist, Safety
  Engineers, Fire Protection Engineers,
  Environmental Analysts
• Health Safety Technicians (10 to 12) and a
  Supervisor, are all qualified as Rad Control
  Techs,

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LLNL Fire Department

• A Division of the Hazards Control Department
• Operates under State of California Alameda Co.
  Protocols
• Both Mutual and Automatic Aid Agreements
• Firefighters (incl.Paramedics, and HazMat techs)
• Two Stations - 1 8 Firefighters, 2 4
  Firefighters
• 1700 Fire/EMS/Hazmat Calls per year
• Alameda Country Regional Emergency Communications
  Center at LLNL
• 6 Dispatchers and 1 Supervisors per Shift
• 108,000 calls per year (7400 LLNL)

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Drivers

• ESH Staff trained in their individual skills,
  but No formal emergency response training
• Drills focused on small number of hazardous
  facilities and two ESH Teams
• Two ESH Teams had not had a drill in many years
• Fire Dept did annual drill with one ESH Team and
  its "Moderate" hazard facility - Criticality
  incident - viewed this as the norm for response
• Communication breakdown among responders at the
  scene
• Treated drills as "exercises" not learning

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Initial Planning Process

• Identified customers (Fire Chief, ESH Teams
  Division Leader, Hazards Control Dept Head)
• Safety Training Section took the Lead
• Trainers (HP or IH), EP staff, Fire Dept
  Battalion Chief, ESH Team rep.
• Reviewed previous drills (incl videos)
• Determined the Good, Bad Ugly in
  drills/responses
• Formulated a strategy training, tabletop, field
  drill
• 3 year Cycle Rad, Chem, Industrial

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Objectives

• Required for all staff on the 5 Teams, including
  Administrative (150)
• Discuss Lessons learned from previous
  drills/events
• Review ESH Team procedures
• Review ICS and Team's role
• Discuss importance of Communication
• 29 CFR 1910.120 and 835 Rad Con Tech
• Included Tabletop drill before field drill (1st
  yr)
• ESH Team on scene first Control Area/Deny
  Access,Gather Info (2nd yr)

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Lessons Learned Pointed to Two Priorities for
ESH Responders

• Absolute 1st priority is Life Safety
• Safety/survival of injured
• Safety/health of responders
• Safety/health of others in the vicinity
• 2nd priority is Communication
• Having/using appropriate equipment/numbers
• Understanding/using ICS
• Coordinating w/ other responders

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Structure - 1st Year Medical/Rad

• 2 hour classroom for ESH Team -77 viewgraphs
• Lessons Learned
• Priorities Life Safety, Communication
• Team Guidelines/Procedures
• Individual team member responsibilities
• Incident Command System/Control Zones
• Medical responses involving Hazmat (Rad focus)
  and Team responsibilities

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Structure - 1st Year Medical/Rad (cont)

• Tabletop drill (power point sides) with Fire Dept
  (30 minutes)
• Drill in mock lab with Fire Dept (30 minutes)
• Low level rad with run away reaction
• Critical traumatic injuries to researcher
• 15 minute or less goal
• Observe the three Blanket Wrap

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Structure - 2nd Year - Integrated Hazmat Response

• Wed Based Class for ESH Team -140 viewgraphs
• 5 Modules w/ both pre and post testing, Admin
  staff took only I II
• I - General Roles and Responsibilities (2
  Priorities)
• II - Specific Roles Responsibilities
• III - Review OSHA HazWoper/Emergency Response Reg
• IV - Review of Basic Toxicology
• V - Biohazards, field reference guides for chem
  releases (NAERG, NIOSH)
• Drill conducted at real facilities in ESH Team
  areas

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Issues for Facility Drills

• Simple Drill with simple problem
• Chemical based incident with No Victim
• Similar experience for the 5 Teams
• Team responds from simulated office
• No mutual aid, responders need to solve problem
• Limited facility participation, simulate/role
  play
• Informing facility residents at start of drill
• Scheduling with facilities and Fire Dept
• Simple scenarios with MSEL 15 pages
• Welders, Earthquake, Leaking Acetylene tank
• Problem puts Bldg and everything inside at risk
• Facility issues approval paperwork, USQ?, access

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Facilities Drilled (6)

• 3 HazMat program (1 - Moderate, 2 - Low)
• Waste treatment (welding tank in restroom)
• Radiography (welding tank)
• Micro Fabrication (car crushed box of acid
  bottles)
• 2 Base program Lab/Office Bldgs (Both Low)
• Housed ESH Team admin offices (welding tank)
• New BSL 3 Lab (earthquake only)
• 1 was a combination
• Groundwater pumping station with 2 Chlorine tanks
  (200 cu ft ea.) outside and leaking welding tank
  inside

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