Arteriosclerosis

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Arteriosclerosis

• Southern Illinois UniversityJohn Etherton
• Health 330
• gymrat23_at_hotmail.com

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Arteriosclerosis

• Is the generic term for a group of chronic
  diseases characterized by the hardening and
  thickening of artery walls.

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Discovery

• Leonardo da Vinci was the first person to
  discover the effects of arteriosclerosis. His
  studies of the human anatomy in the early
  sixteenth century was of great significance in
  the diagnosis of the disease.

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Symptom

• Angina pectoris meaning chest pain.
• Usually occurs behind breastbone.
• Spreads to the arms, shoulders, neck, and jaw.

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Affected age

• People between the ages of 25 and 64 are
  diagnosed with this disease.

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Affected Population

• 1/10,000 men age 25 to 34.
• 1/100 men age 55 to 64.
• One-million deaths reported yearly. (twice that
  of cancer and 10 times that of accidents)
• White male six times more affected that white
  females.
• Sex difference less apparent in nonwhites.

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What are the risk factors?
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Hypertension

• High blood pressure occurs as the resistance
  against blood flow increases as the size of the
  arterior wall is decreased with the build-up of
  cholesterol.

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Elevated serum lipid levels

• Low density lipoproteins increase cholesterol
  buildup, while high density lipoproteins prevent
  buildup in arteries.

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Obesity

• Is a disease in which a person is defined as
  being 30 over their ideal weight.

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Smoking

• The use and abuse of tobacco products increases
  the chances of developing this disease.

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Diet

• High calorie diets rich in saturated fats and
  cholesterol contribute to high blood cholesterol
  while diets high in soluble fiber reduce blood
  cholesterol levels.

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Family History

• Premature atherosclerotic disease is a
  predisposition to the high risk factors.

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Diabetes

• A disease that appears to lead to
  arteriosclerosis.

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Sex

• White men between the ages of 35 and 34 have a
  death rate six times that of white women of the
  same age group.

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Aging

• Brings about arterial changes such as dilatation,
  twisting, thickening, and lost of elasticity.

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Physical inactivity

• Being sedentary increases the risk of developing
  the disease.

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Lifestyle

• Poor diet and high stress levels are negative
  risk factors.

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Prevention

• Maintain normal weight
• Dont smoke
• Manage stress
• Exercise regularly
• Reduce blood pressure
• Control Diabetes

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Treatment

• Cholesterol reducing drugs (Zocar)
• Bypass surgery
• Angioplasty

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Prognosis

• The outcome varies, but arteriosclerosis is
  usually progressive and frequently leads to
  complications if left untreated. With treatment,
  the disease can be controlled.

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References

• Consumer Health A Guide to Intelligent
  Decisions, Seventh Edition, McGraw-Hill 2002.
• The Medical and Health Encyclodedia, J.G.
  Ferguson Publishing Company 1987.
• Merck Manual, Merck Company 2001.
• Health World OnLine

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