Kidney Disease:

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Kidney Disease

• Polycystic Kidney Disease
• By
• Benny DeShazer Jr

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What is Kidney Disease?

• Is the malfunction of kidneys ability to remove
  waste, regulate blood pressure, and regulate body
  water.

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Who is at risk for KD?

• People w/ diabetes
• People w/ hyertension
• Drug abuse
• Senior citizen of 60 years of age
• Family history of Kidney disease
• African-Americans, Hispanics, Pacific islanders,
  Native Americans

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Causes of Kidney Disease

• Diabetes
• High Blood Pressure
• High Cholesterol
• Drug abuse and other toxins
• Inherited (genetic) Polycystic kidney Disease

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Polycystic Kidney Disease

• Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
  (ARPKD)
• Both parents must be carriers to pass on to child
  (rare)

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Polycystic Kidney Disease

• Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
  (ADPKD)
• One parent has to have the disease to pass on to
  child (common)

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Symptoms of ARPKD

• Symptoms develop during first few months of life
  and even in gestation period
• High blood pressure
• Urinary tract infection
• Frequent urination
• Small than average body
• Low blood-cell counts
• Pain in sides and back

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Symptoms of ADPKD

• Symptoms develop during the ages of 30 40 years
  of age
• High blood pressure
• Urinary tract infection
• Frequent urination
• Hematuria (blood in urine)
• Pain in the back and sides headaches

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Diagnoses of PKD

• Blood pressure test
• Urine albumin test
• Serum Creatinine test
• Ultrasound imaging
• Family history

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Treatments of ARPKD ADPKD

• Urinary Tract infection Antibiotics
  (Amoxicillin)
• Pain Pain relievers (Acetaminophen), for severe
  pain surgery to reduce size of cysts
• Underdeveloped growth (only in ARPKD) increase
  amounts of nutrition and possible growth hormones

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Discovery of Amoxicillin

• It is an artificially alternative to penicillin
  discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.
  Amoxicillin was first made in 1972. Amoxicillin
  was more effective at treating some bacteria
  infections.

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Discovery of Acetaminophen

• Discovered by Karl Morner, who notice that the
  body broke down phenacetin in to acetaminophen in
  1889. Acetaminophen was used after phenacetin was
  discovered to be dangerous.

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Function of Amoxicillin

• Antibiotic, prevents the cell wall of bacteria
  from forming, It binds to the Penicillin protein
  binding to stop the formation of peptidoglycans.

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Function of Acetaminophen

• Analgesics (pain reliever) and antipyretics
  (fever reducers).

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Dosage and Period of Treatment

• Amoxicillin
• Patients over 40 Kg, 250 -500 mg / 8 hrs or 500
  875 mg / 12 hrs
• Infants and children under 40 kg, 3 6 mg /lbs
  every 8 hours or 5.7 10.2 mg/lbs every 12 hours
  

• Acetaminophen
• Adults and teenagers, 325 or 500 mg every three
  to four hours, 650 mg every four to six hours.
• Children doses vary for 40 mg 480 mg depending
  on age

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How are drug taken?

• Amoxicillin
• Capsules and tablets for adults and teenagers
• Chewable tablets for children
• Oral suspension for infants and toddlers

• Acetaminophen
• Tablets and capsules for adults and teenagers
• Tablets chewable for children
• Liquid for infants and toddlers

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Cure for PKD

• There is currently no cure for either form of
  Polycystic Kidney disease.

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Side Effects of Drugs

• Amoxicillin
• Diarrhea (mild)
• Headache
• Sore mouth or tongue
• Vaginal itching and discharge

• Acetaminophen
• Diarrhea
• Increased sweating
• Loss appetite
• Nausea or vomiting
• Stomach craps

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Side Effects Treatment

• Amoxicillin
• Eat yogurt

• Acetaminophen
• Call your physician

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Other Treatments of PKD

• End Stage Renal-Disease
• Transplant
• Dialysis

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How is the Patient Affected?

• Drugs help relieve pain and infection that may
  occur, to help patient be more comfortable until
  the kidneys stop function completely.
• With dialysis the patient must go three to four
  times a week. Patient maybe weak or tried after
  appointment.
• With transplant patient goes back to living
  normal life as they had before.

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Other Affects on Patients

• Kidney disease can also affect the regulation of
  blood pressure and strong bones.
• ARPKD
• Affects the liver, pancreas, and spleen
• Causes varicose veins
• Hemorrhoids
• ADPKD
• Kidney stones
• Abnormal valves
• Liver and pancreatic cysts