1. Environmental Observations

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1. Environmental Observations
Environmental System
Sampling
Sensing
Transmission
Recording
Laboratory Analysis
Transmission
Recording
Editing
Storage
Off-Site Measurement
On-Site Measurement
Retrieval
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Cyberinfrastructure Challenges

• Sensing approach
• Reliability of operation of instruments
• Complete recording at site
• Speed of transmission of data
• Automated editing and quality control
• Metadata assignment to measurements

• Sampling Approach
• Quality of sampling protocol
• Security of samples in transmission to lab
• Quality of laboratory analysis
• Accuracy of recording lab results
• Metadata description of the workflow sequence

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Environmental Representation
Environmental Observation Data
Geospatial Data
(GIS)
(Relational database or delimited ascii)
Data Fusion
Remote Sensing Data
Weather and Climate Data
(NetCDF)
(EOS-HDF)
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Cyberinfrastructure Challenges

• Automated data acquisition from websites or
  archives
• Data conversion to common formats
• Four different data models being used
  simultaneously
• Common space-time reference frame definition
• Data transformations from one space-time scale to
  another
• Consistent measurement units and unit conversions

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Environmental Analysis
Statistics and Hypothesis Testing
Environmental Process Modeling
Environmental Database
Visualization
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
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Cyberinfrastructure Challenges

• Lots of complex environmental models of
  particular phases how to link them?
• Mix of observed and modeled or estimated data
  how to label appropriately
• Visualization of data across a wide range of
  space and time on the earth
• Quantification of uncertainty