Ningbo

1
Ningbo

• Its Past and Present

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General Introduction

• Geographical conditions
• Districts Popularity
• Climate Conditions

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Geographical conditions

• Ningbo, called Yong for short, is located midway
  on the eastern coast of China and in the South of
  the Yangtze River Delta with Zhoushan Archipelago
  as its natural shelter in the east, bordering on
  Hangzhou Bay in the north, neighboring on the
  city of Shaoxing in the west, facing Sanmen Bay
  in the South, and adjacent to the county of
  Taizhou.

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Districts Popularity

• Under Ningbos jurisdiction, there are six urban
  districts of Haishu, Jiangdong, Jiangbei,
  Zhenhai, Beilun and Yinzhou, three county-level
  cities of Yuyao, Cixi and Fenghua, and two
  counties of Xiangshan and Ninghai.
• Ningbo covers a total area of 9,672 km2, with a
  population of 5.567 million. And the urban
  districts cover 2,634 km2, with 2.134 million
  people.

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Climate Conditions
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• Ningbo offers a subtropical monsoon climate,
  featuring mild temperatures, moderate humidity
  and distinct seasons. The annual average
  temperature is 16.2C, with hottest month,
  July(28.8C in average) and the coldest one,
  January(4C in average).
• No-frost season lasts 230-240 days a year. The
  annual average precipitation is around 1,400mm,
  of which the precipitation in the months from May
  to September accounts for 60.

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1. Qing Bridge 2. Lake Yue 3.
Dongqian Lake 4. Tiantong Temple
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Ningbo History

• Historic Evolution

• scholars

• Conservation of historic environment

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Historic Evolution

• Ningbo has enjoyed a history of over 7,000 years.
  The Neolithic Hemudu Culture Ruins convince the
  world that Ningbo is one of the birthplaces of
  rice planting on the earth.

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• Ningbo was called Yin  in the Xia Dynasty
  (before 2000 B.C.), within the boundary of the
  state of Yue during the Spring and Autumn Period
  (770-476 B.C.), including three counties of Yin,
  Mao and Gouzhang under the jurisdiction of Kuaiji
  Prefecture in the Qin Dynasty (221-206 B.C.), and
  called Mingzhou in the Tang Dynasty
  (618-907A.D.). In the year of 821, the prefecture
  seat of Mingzhou was moved to the
  three-river-junctionand set up the inner city,
  which marked the foundation of the city. In the
  year of 1381, the city got the present
  name--Ningbo, which means calm wave.

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Wang Yang-ming (1472-1529)

• Chinese scholar and official whose idealistic
  interpretation of Neo-Confucianism influenced
  philosophical thinking in East Asia for
  centuries.
• The son of a high government official, he was
  both a secretary to the Ministry of War and a
  lecturer on Confucianism by 1505.

• He concluded that investigation of the principles
  of things should occur within the mind rather
  than through actual objects and that knowledge
  and action are codependent. His philosophy spread
  across China for 150 years and greatly influenced
  Japanese thought during that time. From 1584 he
  was offered sacrifice in the Confucian temple
  under the title Wencheng (Completion of
  Culture).

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Chu Shun-shui (1600-1682)

• Noted Chinese patriot who fled China after the
  destruction of the Ming dynasty (13681644).
  Arriving in Japan, he became one of the primary
  compilers of the Dai Nihon shi (History of Great
  Japan), a comprehensive rewriting of Japanese
  history, which served to reawaken nationalistic
  feelings as well as to develop a sense of loyalty
  to the emperor.
• Chu's unswerving loyalty to the Ming dynasty
  provided a model for Chinese students in Japan
  who, late in the 19th century, returned home to
  lead the struggle that overthrew the Ch'ing
  dynasty in the Chinese Revolution of 191112.

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Huang Tsung-hsi (1610-1659)

• One of the foremost Chinese scholars and
  reformers in the early Ch'ing period whose major
  contribution was a critique of the excessive
  authoritarianism of the Chinese political system.
  Study of his works was revived by Chinese
  reformers around the beginning of the 20th
  century.

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• The city of Ningbo began evolving sometime before
  770 BC and contains many cultural properties from
  the Tang, Song, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, which
  give it important cultural and historic value.

• Conserving a city's historic environment enhances
  the city and the quality of life for residents by
  preserving cultural traditions, protecting areas
  of architectural and natural beauty and
  generating positive identity and civic pride.

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• Where possible, the team suggested the
  realignment of planned roads to prevent
  unnecessary destruction of buildings or the
  excessive intrusion of traffic into the historic
  areas.

Xiantong Tower (Tang Dynasty 863A.D.)
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• To lessen the impact of large roads on the
  historic areas, landscaping and pedestrian routes
  were designed as buffer zones between the busy
  streets and historic properties.

Seven- Pagoda Temple (first built in Tang Dynasty
858A.D.)
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Ningbo Today

• Port

• Fashion

• Overseas Ningbonese

• Places of interest and cultural heritage

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Ningbo Port

• In 738 AD, Ningbo Port was put into use formally.
  In the Tang Dynasty (618-907), it was known as
  one of the three major seaports for foreign
  trade, along with Yangzhou and Guangzhou.

In the Song Dynasty, it became one of the three
major port cities for foreign trade together with
Guangzhou and Quanzhou. It was declared as one of
the "Five Treaty Ports" after the Opium War.
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• Ningbo Port is well situated at the middle of the
  coastline of Mainland China, just at the T-shaped
  joining point of north-south shipping line and
  the golden waterway of the Yangtze River. It is a
  modern port composed of Beilun (seaport), Zhenhai
  (estuary port) and old Ningbo harbor (inland
  river port) areas, with comprehensive functions
  and multi-level berths.

• The business scope of Ningbo Port includes
  imported iron ore, container, crude and finished
  oil, liquid chemical products, coal and the
  loading and unloading, storage and transhipment
  of other bulk goods.

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• Ningbo Port is not only a deep-water port famous
  all over the country, but also one of the few
  ports with a cargo throughput of more than 100
  million tons in the world. The shallowest section
  of the entry channel is more than 18.2 meters
  deep, enough for vessels of less than 250,000
  tonnages to enter freely. Huge ships of 250,000
  to 300,000 tonnages can also navigate at tide. It
  is free from big waves and strong winds, so there
  are more than 350 workable days in a year.

• Ningbo Port is an ideal place for developing
  ocean-going transport to North and South America
  and Oceania. Up to now it has built trade and
  transport relations with over 560 ports of more
  than 90 countries and regions in the world.

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Ningbo International Fashion Festival

• Ningbo was the port of departure of "the silk
  road in the sea" in the ancient China and the
  birthplace of the garment industry in the modern
  China.
• Ningbo tailors made the first Chinese tunic suit
  and the first western-style suit, managed the
  first Western-style suit tore, and wrote the
  first book on making Western-style suits in
  China. What's more, Ningbonese in China founded
  the first garment school.
• The above five "first" in China fully prove the
  place and function of the city in the history of
  clothing development of China. At present, More
  than 1,800 garment factories in Ningbo produce
  over 1.4 billion suits annually, accounting for
  12 of the country's total. A batch of nationally
  famous brands as "Firs", "Younger", "Romon" have
  been formed.

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• Ten years since 1997, Ningbo International
  Fashion Festival has widely known as a famous
  name card of the city of Ningbo. China
  International Fashion Trading Fair (originally
  Ningbo International Fashion Fair), as the main
  activity of the fashion festival, makes its debut
  with a scale of 450 booths, being one of the top
  five largest professional fashion fairs in China.
  
• The 10th International Fashion Ningbo had be held
  on October 22nd-24th, 2006.

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• The 9th fair last year has witnessed more
  exhibitors and buyers out of attaching equal
  importance to the trade and exhibiting, domestic
  and international markets. The 9th fair set up
  2,200 booths, of which exhibitors from other
  provinces and overseas account for half of the
  total number. Exhibitors from 16 countries and
  regions presented in the fair. In the 3 days, the
  fair has witnessed 38,000 professional buyers,
  among which 3,500 were from overseas.

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Overseas Ningbonese

• Ningbo is home to many overseas Chinese. Over
  300,000 people of Ningbo origin and their
  offspring reside in 64 overseas countries and
  regions. Many of them are industrial and
  commercial tycoons, renowned scientists, leaders
  of mass organizations, heads of communities and
  noted public figures. They cherish deep love for
  their hometown and continue to provide an
  important bridge between Ningbo and the countries
  where they have settled.

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• Since Deng Xiaoping issued the indirection of
  mobilizing the overseas Ningbonese all over the
  world to construct Ningbo, they have donated over
  1 billion Yuan RMB to initiate over 2,200
  projects in their hometown. There are now 66
  overseas Ningbonese have been awarded the title
  of "Honorable Citizen of Ningbo City". All the
  overseas Ningbonese serve as bridges and ties
  between Ningbo and the world.

Pao Yue-Kong Deng Xiaoping
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• Ningbo University is a comprehensive university
  with a wide range of disciplines economics, law,
  education, liberal arts, history, science,
  engineering, agronomy, medicine and management.
• Throughout its establishment and development, the
  University has been upheld by considerable
  donations and generous support from patriotic
  overseas Chinese such as Sir Yue-kong Pao, Sir
  Run-run Shaw, Sir Yue-shu Pao, Sir Cao Guangbiao,
  Sir Li Dashan, Sir Zhu Xiushan, as well as from
  personages of various circles in the country.

Sir Run-run Shaw
Sir Yue-shu Pao
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Places of interest and cultural heritage

• In suburb
• Baoguo Temple
• The Neolithic Hemudu Cultural Ruins
• Xikou and Mr. Chiang Kaisheks Former Residence
• Remains of Zhenhai Coastal Defense

• In urban area
• Tianyi Pavilion Library
• Qingan Guild Hall
• Lake Yue

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Tianyi Pavilion Library

• The library is the oldest existing private
  library of China and Asia, and one of the world's
  three oldest libraries kept by a family. It was
  built about during 1561-1566.
• Tianyi Pavilion was named after a sentence from
  Yi Jing, meaning that fire can be controlled here
  in hopes of preserving the library forever.
• In 1772, following the construction and managing
  system of TianYi Pavilion, the government of the
  Qing Dynasty built seven other pavilions such as
  Wenyuan and Wenlan to preserve Si Ku Quan Shu.
  Now over 300,000 volumes of books including
  80,000 volumes of rare books are preserved in the
  pavilion.   

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Qingan Guild Hall

• Also named Tianhou Palace of East Yong, it is
  situates at the east bank of the
  three-river-junction, covering an area of 5,000
  m2 .
• Originally the trade guildhall for the merchant
  service from Ningbo port to the coastal
  provinces, and the palace to offer sacrifices to
  "the Heavenly Queen Buddha", but nowadays the
  Ningbo Marine Folks Museum and the Mazu Culture
  Exhibition Hall.
• It is one of seven main guild halls in the
  country, with the reputation of the first guild
  hall south of the Yangtze River

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Lake Yue

• Dating from the 7th century, is an urban oasis in
  the center of the old city. During the course of
  the project, the conservation zone surrounding
  the lake became a symbol of changing attitudes
  toward conservation in Ningbo.

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Baoguo Temple

• Baoguo Temple is a thousand-year-old renowned
  temple and one of the first cultural relic sites
  designated to be specially preserved in China.
• Baoguo Temple has a long history. As historical
  records go, it was originally built in the East
  Han Dynasty (25-220), but destroyed later. It was
  not until the year 880 that the temple was
  reconstructed. The present palce was rebuilt in
  1013.

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• The most magnificent building in the temple is
  the Grand Hall, known as the "Beamless Hall". It
  is one of the oldest and best-preserved wooden
  structures in South Yangtze region of China,
  invaluable to the nation's architectural studies.

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The Neolithic Hemudu Cultural Ruins

• The Neolithic Hemudu Cultural Ruins is situated
  in Yuyao, 20 km2 away from Ningbo downtown. It is
  one of the most important cultural relics of the
  Neolithic Age in China, which convince that the
  Yangtze River Valley was not only the birthplace
  of Chinese culture, but also the earliest place
  to plant rice on the earth. The ruins cover a
  total area of 4,000 km2. Over 7000 relics ranging
  from bones, stones, wood, pottery, rice and
  wooden building, etc,  have been unearthed, which
  provides rich data for research into agriculture,
  textile, art and the origin of the Eastern
  Civilization.

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Paddy Agriculture
Pile - dwellings
Boat - oaring
Worshipping the Birds and Sun
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Xi Kou

• Early in the Han Dynasty, Xi Kou scenic spot
  enjoyed a high reputation of being a fairyland on
  the sea. Xue Dou Mountain, standing above a chain
  of connected mountains and covered with verdant
  old pine trees and flickering green bamboo, is a
  famous summer resort of natural beauty. In
  addition, it is also renowned home and abroad for
  being the hometown of Chiang Kai-shek.

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Mr. Chiang Kaisheks Former Residence

• Mr. Chiang Kaisheks Former Residence, consists
  of the Fenggao House, the Yutai Salt Shop and th
  e Western-style House, is located in Xikou,
  Fenghua. It is not only an important historic
  building in modern China, but also historical
  data for studying Mr. Chiang Kaishek and Mr.
  Chiang Jingguo--his son, and other relating
  historical events.

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Remains of Zhenhai Coastal Defense

• Remains of Zhenhai Coastal Defense locate at the
  shore of the East Sea and the entrance of the
  Yongjiang River. It is the most important
  military fort of coastal defense and forward
  position of resisting the outside aggressors.

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Life in Ningbo

• Shopping
• Food

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Chenghuang Temple

• In 1347 Emperor Zhu Yuan Zhang (Ming Dynasty)
  gave orders to construct Chenghuang Temple at the
  Prefecture of Ningbo with a view to bring peace
  to people for the prosperity of the country. The
  whole construction area is 4,700 square meters
  and it is one of the biggest Chenghuang temples
  in China.

Tianfeng Tower can be seen in the background
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• The temple has become a shopping center of both
  dining and touring in the downtown area. Ningbo
  Chenghuang Temple is popularly called Old
  Chenghuang Temple.

A crowded Saturday afternoon
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Tianyi Square

• The Tianyi Square, also known as Tianyi Business
  District, is situated downtown Ningbo in the
  business center between Rixin Street, Kaiming
  Street, Zhongshan Road and Yaohang Street.
  Covering a total area of 193000 square meters.
• It is Ningbo's most fashionable shopping
  district half the shops are boutiques, half
  restaurants, coffee bars and entertainment
  centres. The seafood restaurants provide great
  tasting dishes, but the standard of the Western
  restaurants is not perfect. Whilst, amid the
  fountains, 12 tasteful small bookshops encourage
  a Parisian Left-Bank feel.

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Food style

• Featured seafood as the main dishes, Ningbo food
  integrates Chinese and Western style, north and
  south flavor together, which has got a very good
  reputation. The restaurants and hotels of Ningbo
  style, scattering in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing,
  Hangzhou, and other cities as well, have
  attracted a good many customers.

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Famous Snacks
Ningbo Dumpliing with Leaf Fat Filling
Tangtuan (called "tangtuan" in Chinese) is made
of glutinous rice flour wrapping, leaf fat, sugar
and black sesame. The skin is thin, smooth, white
and shiny. Not all visitors to Ningbo have the
luck in enjoying the Top Ten Ningbo Dishes.
However, one thing that any visitor can not miss
is the Ningbo stuffed lard and sesame dumpling,
just like one who goes to Beijing must go to the
Great Wall.
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In Ningbo, as in all China, sweet dumpling is a
symbol of family reunion and happiness and in
Ningbo it is a local custom for all family
members to have dumplings on the morning of the
first day of the lunar year. Dumplings are very
popular in the city however, to enjoy the most
delicious, one has to go to Gang Ya Gou Sweetfood
Beaufet, as saying goes "Home-made dumplings are
common things, but nothing is better than the
dumplings in Gang Ya Gou."
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Crystal Leaf Fat Bun This steamed dessert is made
of dough and filled with a mixture of leaf lard,
nuts, melon seeds, and sugar. The most delicious
crystal leaf fat bun can be found in Zhao
Dayou(???) Snacks Restaurant in Ningbo.
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Dragon and Phoenix Golden Cake Dragon and
Phoenix Golden Cake is one of the top ten Ningbo
local snacks, and particularly well-known in East
Zhejiang. The most famous cake is prepared by
Zhao Dayou Restaurant, a well-known restaurant in
Ningbo for its Ningbo local snacks and cakes.
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The history of the snack is dated to the South
Song Dynasty (1127-1279). As legend goes, when
the Jin invaders seized the capital of the South
Song Linan (the present Hangzhou), Zhao Gou the
emperor fled to Mingzhou (present Ningbo) and
there a village girl saved his life and served
him food including a cake. When Zhao Gou
recaptured the capital, he repaid his savor by
naming the cake he ate in his refugee "Dragon and
Phoenix Golden Cake"and from then on the cake has
become a snack that must served at weddings,
symbolizing happiness of married life.Golden in
color and with pattern of a dragon and phoenix,
the cake is made of polished glutinous rice, with
fillings of processed beans, sugar, orange peel,
osmanthus flowers, and so on.
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Eight-Treasure Rice Pudding  Ningbo
Eight-treasure Rice Pudding is steamed glutinous
rice with bean paste, lotus seeds, preserved
fruit, longan pulp, sugar, leaf fat, etc. Sweet
and tasty, the pudding is a perfect health-care
food.
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Small Steamed Bun with Pork Filling The bun is
prepared with wheat flour sheet and filled with
pork stuff and seasonings. It is better served
with vinegar.
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Steamed Wonton and Wonton SoupWonton is a very
popular snack in China, but Ningbo Wonton is
well-known for its long history and special local
flavor. Ningbo Wonton has two types steamed
Wonton and Wonton soup. In the past, it was
common to see lots of Wonton peddlers, who
carried on their shoulders a kitchenette and
material for Wonton, hawking all the way in the
streets.
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The End