QUALITY TEACHING AND RESEARCH: PREREQUISITES, ACCOMPLISHMENT AND ASSESSMENT

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QUALITY TEACHING AND RESEARCHPREREQUISITES,
ACCOMPLISHMENT AND ASSESSMENT

• Dr. Muhammad Khalid Pervaiz
• Mueen-ud-Din Azad

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Quality Teaching and Research

• Prerequisites
• Accomplishment
• Quality Teaching
• Quality Research
• Teachers Training
• Assessment
• Self Assessment
• Statistical Analysis
• External Review

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Prerequisites

• Mission
• Vision
• Core Values
• SMART Objectives
• Services

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PrerequisitesMission

• Quality education in the arts, sciences and
  professional studies at both the undergraduate
  and graduate levels.
• Produce future leaders of global workplace.

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PrerequisitesVision

• Formulate discoveries that make the world a
  better place.
• Learning and teaching excellence.
• Creative use of technology
• Effective engagement with community

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PrerequisitesCore Values

• Integrity and respect
• Honesty and accountability
• Intellectual rigor.

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PrerequisitesSMART objectives

• Specific
• Measurable
• Achievable
• Realistic
• Fixed time framed

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PrerequisitesServices

• Admissions
• Graduate Centre
• Centre for Learning and Teaching
• State of Art Library
• Well Equipped Laboratories
• Sports Education
• Disabilities Services
• Staff
• Enquiries
• Counseling

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Accomplishment

• Quality Teaching
• Quality Research
• Teachers Training

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Accomplishment Quality Teaching

• Duty Schedule (Academic Responsibilities)
• Course Outline Format
• Course Requirements and Class Work Policies
• Teaching Methodology
• Course File
• Web Page
• Progress Record
• Examinations
• Curriculum Administration and Management System
  (CAMS)

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AccomplishmentQuality Teaching- Duty Schedule

• Properly dressed up, regular and punctual
• Maintains the class discipline
• Well prepared for class
• Distributes the course outline in the very first
  class
• Delineates course requirements and class work
  policies
• Presents material consistent to the course
  outline in an interesting way
• Organizes the mid-term and end-term exams
• Encourages participation, questions and
  innovative thinking
• Observes polite interaction with students
• Develops critical thinking.

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AccomplishmentQuality Teaching- Course Outline
Format

• Course Title, Code, objectives and description
• Pre and Co-requisites
• Classroom requirements
• Difficulty level of course or Range Statement
• Schedule Reading requirements, Lecture Contents
  and Exercises
• Recommended and Reference Books
• Exam Format.

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AccomplishmentQuality Teaching-Course
Requirements

• Preparation process of the course
• Study hours required for good performance in the
  course
• Use of Library and Research Technology e.g.
  relevant websites
• Availability of handouts and supplementary
  material When and where?
• Regularity, punctuality, discipline and academic
  honesty (expected)
• Assessment, attendance and feedback strategies.

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AccomplishmentQuality Teaching- Course File

• C.V. of teacher
• Course outline
• Course requirements and class work policies
• Semester exams question papers and result sheet
• Term report/project documents, handouts and
  important notes
• Feedback, faculty evaluation by the students and
  attendance documents
• Sample student's assessment i.e. top, middle and
  worst answer sheets
• Teachers remarks and recommendations.

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Accomplishment Quality Research

• Potential Supervisors
• Research Plan
• Research Schedule
• Research Infrastructure
• University Industry Linkage
• Science Park
• Collaboration with Overseas Partners

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AccomplishmentQuality Research-Potential
Supervisors

• Ability to provide guidance
• Publications in the relevant field of research
• Innovative ideas and information about latest
  developments
• International academic links with other persons
  in the field of study
• Links with other supervisors of the same area of
  research
• Capability to be consistent in work and
  conclusive
• Excellence of critical thinking.

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Accomplishment Quality Research- Research Plan

• Identification of the problems
• Synopsis
• Experimental results
• Empirical findings
• Theoretical development
• Mini report
• Detailed report
• Publications

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Accomplishment Quality Research- Research
Schedule

• Meeting with supervisor
• Submission of synopsis
• Experimental work
• Literature review
• Research methodology
• Analysis of results
• Submission of mini research report
• Submission of thesis or final report.

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AccomplishmentQuality Research-University
Industry Linkage

• Economic and business culture in universities.
  
• Consultancy services and industrial sponsorship
• Student enterprise and faculty involvement in
  industry
• Managerial knowledge to university persons
• Graduation- Industry Training Programme
• Business exposure, self employment and economic
  prosperity
• Small and medium enterprises flourish in
  universities
• Facilities to design, develop and deliver at one
  place
• Manufacturing excellence
• Research and enterprise side by side.

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Accomplishment Quality Research-Collaboration
with Overseas Partners

• Split or double degree programs
• Interactive learning
• International experience sharing
• Staff training
• Mobility of students and staff

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Accomplishment Teachers Training

• Pre-Service Training
• Subject Specific Training
• In-Service Training

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Accomplishment Teachers Training- Pre-service
Training

• University traditions
• Mission and vision
• Course requirements
• Class work policies
• Assessment strategies
• Teaching methodology
• Course outline
• Course file
• QA measures
• Staff handbook
• Student services etc.

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AccomplishmentTeachers Training- Subject
Specific Training

• Introduction of the department
• Faculty specialties
• Programs
• Courses
• Services available
• Responsibilities
• Strengths
• Weaknesses
• Opportunities
• Challenges etc.

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AccomplishmentTeachers Training- In-Service
Training

• Curriculum administration and management system
  (CAMS)
• Information Communication Technology Systems in
  Education
• Educational psychology
• Course administration and management
• Micro Teaching and Teaching Skills
• Communication Skills
• Research methods, management, supervision and
  practice
• Assessment strategies

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AccomplishmentTeachers Training- In-Service
Training

• Quality teaching and learning
• Reflective teaching and staff development
• Learning styles and small group instructional
  feedback (SGIF)
• Membership of national/international learned
  societies and subscription to professional
  development publications
• Observation lectures, team working
• Cope with change, assertiveness and time
  management
• Positive disciplinary skills, student care and
  managing stress
• Writing C.V, memos and letters

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Assessment

• Self Assessment
• Statistical Analysis
• External Review

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Self Assessment

• Teachers Evaluation by Students
• Evaluation by Peers
• Teaching observations
• Teaching Interviews
• Self Evaluation
• Management Evaluation by the Staff
• Program Evaluation
• Employer Survey
• Alumni Survey
• Faculty Survey
• Services Evaluation
• Competition Analysis
• SWOT Analysis
• GAP Analysis
• ISO 9001 2000 Tools

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Self Assessment Teachers Evaluation by the
Students

• Questionnaire method
• Verbal feedback by small groups
• One to one feedback
• Discussion over e-mail
• Chat rooms
• Course representatives etc.

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Self AssessmentTeachers Evaluation by the
Students - Questions

• Regularity
• Punctuality
• Discipline
• Preparation
• Presentation
• Explanation of jargons
• Participation
• Behaviour
• Innovative ideas
• Discoveries
• Individual assistance
• Course coverage
• Consistency
• Fairness etc.

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Self AssessmentManagement Evaluation by the
Staff

• Roles, responsibilities, programs, structural
  pattern and strategic planning
• Operational activities of staff, finances,
  budgetary matters and fundraising
• Community requirements and increasing public
  confidence
• Progress of university matters, monitoring and
  evaluating of progress
• Developing projects and reviewing policies
• Ensuring the competency of staff
• Benchmarking of standards
• Adequate support for students including financial
  support
• Balanced curriculum and effective learning and
  teaching approaches
• Create clear channels to address problems and
  poor quality
• Expect the best of everyone.

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Self AssessmentSWOT Analysis

• Strengths The resources, competences or
  productive factors that let a university realize
  the strategies that support its job and vision.
• Weaknesses The elements that infer with the
  realization of the strategy e.g. lack of
  resources, competences or productive factors.
• Opportunities The area of the external
  environment that can allow the university to
  obtain positive performances.
• Threats The area of the external environment
  that affect in a negative way the possibilities,
  university to obtain positive performances.

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AssessmentStatistical Analysis

• Descriptive Analysis
• Inferential Analysis
• Factor Analysis
• Cluster Analysis
• Multidimensional Scaling (MDS)
• Regression Analysis
• Meta Analysis

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AssessmentCase Study- Salient Features

• The BS Part I students of statistics, session
  2005-2006, are taken.
• The information from 128 students is obtained by
  a questionnaire.
• The Computer Package SPSS Version 13 is used for
  analysis.
• The measurement scale from 1 to 5 is used.

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AssessmentCase Study- Performance Indicators

• Regular and punctual.
• Maintains class discipline.
• Well prepared for his class.
• Presents material in clear and interesting way.
• Explains material with slow and regular steps.
• Encourages students participation and welcomes
  questions.
• Behaves decently with students.
• Arouses interest by innovative ideas and
  discoveries.
• Willing to give individual assistance outside the
  class.
• Course coverage is consistent with course
  outline.
• Fair in marking.

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Assessment Case Study- Table IDescriptive
Statistics and Interval Estimators
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Assessment Case Study- Table II Correlation
Matrix
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AssessmentCase Study- Descriptive Analysis

• The desired average is 4.00 and CV less than 26.
  
• For PIs, innovative ideas and course coverage,
  average is less and for presentation CV is more
  than desired.
• Thus, the weak areas of Statistics Teachers are
  clearly categorized as presentation, innovative
  ideas and course coverage.
• The presentation and preparation are highly
  correlated, r .78.

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Assessment Case Study- Inferential Analysis

• On the basis of information from sample the
  decisions are made about population. The interval
  estimators and tests of hypotheses are most
  commonly used techniques.
• Lower limits of 95 interval estimators of all
  performance indicators are higher than 3
  (evaluation code C or above). Thus, the
  hypothesis that statistics teacher is evaluated
  by code D is rejected.

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AssessmentCase Study- Factor Analysis

• Factor analysis reduces the set of variables to a
  smaller number of variables or factors.
• It examines the pattern of inter correlations
  between the factors, and determines the factors
  which are highly correlated within but
  uncorrelated with other factors.
• Table III-IV and Figure-I represent the findings
  of the Principal Components Factor Analysis. The
  11 performance indicators are reduced to 2
  factors.
• The 1st factor comprised on discipline,
  preparation, presentation and explanation and
  2nd on regularity.
• Thus, instead of 11 performance indicators only 2
  factors are sufficient to analyze the data.

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Assessment Case Study- Table III Eigen Values
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Assessment Case Study- Table IV Component
Martix
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Assessment Case Study- Figure-I Scree Plot
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AssessmentCase Study- Cluster Analysis

• Cluster analysis is a technique for
  classification. 
• Its objective is to sort cases into clusters,
  such that the degree of association is strong
  between members of the cluster and weak between
  members of different clusters. 
• The Figure-II portrays that degree of association
  is very strong between groups of performance
  indicators
• regularity and behaviour,
• encouragement and assistance,
• discipline and preparation.
• There is a weak association between innovative
  ideas and course coverage.

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Assessment Case Study- Figure-II Dendrogram
using Average Linkage (Between Groups)
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Assessment Case Study- Multidimensional Scaling
(MDS)

• The MDS is a collection of methods which consider
  relations between entities by providing these a
  geometrical representation.
• The relation between a pair of entities is
  translated into a proximity measure, or
  conversely into a dissimilarity measure.
• The Figure-III shows MDS configuration. Clearly
  performance indicators, innovative ideas and
  course coverage are isolated points.

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Assessment Case Study- Figure-III
Multidimensional Scaling Derived Stimulus
Configuration
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Assessment Regression Analysis

• This technique can be used for identification of
  factors which have significant effect on the
  performance of students and teachers.
• The expected students performance indicators are
  I.Q., study hours, facilities and services,
  quality teaching, institutional environment etc.
• The most likely teachers performance indicators
  are salary, working environment, job
  satisfaction, availability of material, motivated
  students etc.

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AssessmentMeta Analysis

• It is a statistical analysis of individual
  studies made by different people with reference
  to a particular problem under similar situations
  with the purpose of integrating the findings.
• In other words it is a method of analysis which
  combines the results of a number of surveys to
  investigate the underlying processes.

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Assessment External Review- Quality Assurance
Agencies

• Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education
  (QAA) The QAA safeguards and helps to improve
  the academic standards and quality of higher
  education in UK.
• Higher Education Funding Council for England
  (HEFCE)
• International Network for Quality Assurance
  Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE)
• Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF)

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Assessment External Review Quality Assurance
Parameters

• Teaching Quality
• Research Quality Publication in highly cited
  journals, National and International Awards of
  faculty and students etc
• Support System Quality Quality of services
• A Grade Higher Points CGPA Ratio of students
  who obtained CGPA higher than a specific point
• Employment Highly placed ratio
• Awards Number of awards obtained by faculty and
  students
• Student Teacher Ratio
• Drop Out Ratio

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Expected AchievementsPrerequisites

• Fair and transparent system of admissions ensure
  quality intake
• Learning and Teaching Centres create friendly
  learning environment.
• Services make the academic process more
  efficient
• Library and Laboratory facilitate the research
  work
• Sports Education for healthy, active and sharp
  learners
• Address to disabilities equal chance
• Quick and positive response creates healthy
  attitudes
• Counseling encourages the deprived people
• Qualified, competent, motivated, and dedicated
  staff play key role in teaching and research
• SMART objectives inspire.

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Expected AchievementsQuality Teaching

• Duty schedule discipline the teachers
• Course outline makes learning and teaching more
  effective and efficient
• Class work policies leads to justice, equality
  and equity
• Teaching methodology makes the system
  well-ordered
• Course file provides continuity and improvement
  in teaching process
• Web page provides 24 hours access to knowledge
• Transparent exams improve the sanctity of the
  degree
• CAMS update knowledge and skills.

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Expected AchievementsQuality Research

• Potential supervisors provide focused guidance
• Research schedule manage the activities within
  time frame
• Infrastructure facilitates to look at all
  dimensions of the problem
• Industry Link leads to market based curriculum
  and research
• Science Park for joint adventures of industry and
  university scholars
• Overseas partners for international touch to
  academic activities.

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Expected AchievementsAssessment

• Teachers evaluation by the students improves
  teaching standards
• Teaching observation and interview improve
  knowledge and skills
• Self and peer evaluation identify weak areas
• Management evaluation for development of
  managerial culture
• Employer, Alumni and Faculty surveys to improve
  curriculum programs and services
• Program evaluation to access the status of
  program in society
• Services evaluation for improvement
• Competition analysis to get benefit from others
  experiences
• SWOT Analysis to progress strengths, change
  weaknesses to strengths, get benefits of
  opportunities and prepare to face threats.
• GAP Analysis to look at gaps between targets and
  achievements.

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Conclusions

• Prerequisites
• Instruments and procedures suggested in staff
  handbook
• Research requirements
• Self assessment techniques produced in quality
  manual
• Statistical analysis
• External review
• will definitely lead to quality education and
  research, which is a basic requirement of
  sustainable social and economic development.

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Thank You