Renaissance

1
Renaissance
2
Facts

• First period in art to name itself
• Greeks and Romans did not name their period
  Classicalhistorians did.
• Artists of the time were self-conscious (aware of
  their work as being different from that of the
  past).
• Renaissance means rebirth (a rebirth of
  Classical Period)

3
Why did it occur?

• Italy in the 15th century
• Developed powerful city-states engaged in
  extensive trade and banking
• Upper class had a lot of money to spend and well
  educatedgreat customers for art.
• Christian Church centered in Italymany stories
  to paint and create art for.
• Began with Michelangelo, Leonardo, Rapheal, and
  many other famous artists.

4
Age of Painting

• Greek and Roman art was mainly sculpture
• Middle ages worked in tapestry, mosaic, and
  architecture
• Renaissance known as the age of Painting
• Very realistic imagesRealismrepresentation of
  the natural world
• Painters and sculptors dissected corpses to
  better understand human anatomycadavers

5
Painting Styles

• Oil paint introduced in 14th century
• Tempera used frequently in 15th century
• Great deal of experimentation of materials
• Most artists before Renaissance remained
  anonymousnow they were known (artistically and
  personally)
• Classically trained (Greek and Roman style)

6
Italy

• 1401 Florencecompetition to create sculptured
  bronze doors to decorate the Baptistery of the
  Cathedral
• 6 were invited
• Story must be of Abrahams test by God to
  sacrifice his only son, Isaac
• 23-year old Lorenzo Ghiberti won

7
(No Transcript)
8
Donatello

• Born and raised in Florence, Italy
• Worked in many different styles and with many
  different materialswood, stone, and metals.
• Studied Greek and roman sculpture
• St. Mark is one of his most famous sculptures
• Considered the founder of modern sculpture

9

• Extremely life-like
• In-the-round style
• Classical Style
• Caught in mid-movement

10

• Story of David and Goliath from the Bible
• Goliaths head under his foot
• David nuderepresents Classical Style

11
Masaccio

• Translated as Wicked Tom
• Lived for only 27 years
• Only has 4 works attributed to him definitely
• Contributed greatly to the development of
  Renaissance
• Painted frescos in the Brancacci Chapel

12
(No Transcript)
13
Tribute Money
14
Sandro Boticelli Birth of Venus

• Painted more Greek and Roman myths and cultural
  icons
• Fascinated with women and their shape
• More natural shapes and forms

15
Raphael

• Youngest of the 3 giants of artLeonardo and
  Michelangelo the other 2 giants
• At age 25, commissioned to paint frescos in the
  Vatican by Pope Julius
• Master painter and architect
• Most famous for fresco called School of Athens
  where he painted his peers and even himself.

16
School of Athens
Raphael
17
Titian

• Thought of as the greatest coloristloved to play
  with color
• Painted mostly portraits and landscapes
• Live until the age of 91 (old for this time)
• Created many brownish-red color paintings
• Had a color named after himtitian brown

18
Titian

• Great texture on arm
• Plays with light and color
• Very realistic, but soft in color

19
Northern Renaissance

• Tremendous spiritual, intellectual, and artistic
  change
• Protestant reformationLutherans, Anglicans, and
  Calvinists began
• Printing press invented, leading to easier
  transfer of ideas and art
• Travel throughout Europe increased

20
Characteristics

• Love of detail
• More decoration of surface with things
• Preferred precise outer appearanceperfection of
  look of person, not of structure (no dissecting
  of cadavers)
• Less idealist images, more resemblance of living
  subject (no one is perfectly built)
• Harsher than Italian Renaissance

21
Rogier van der Weyden

• Imaginary scene
• Two pictures at onceforeground of three figures
  and background of landscape with two figures
• Minute attention to detail

22
Matthias Grunewald

• Altarpiece originally in a hospital chapel
• Harsh depiction of crucifixion
• Extreme physical agony Jesus was in pain, too

23
Pieter Brugel
Signaled a change in artnot of a Christian
storypeasants shown as realistic
24
Late 16th Century

• Protestant Reformation successful in deterring
  followers of Roman Catholicism
• Catholic Counter-Reformation began in late 16th
  century, early 17th century
• Mannerism-Late Renaissance to Early Baroque
  Periods
• Rejected scientific theories of art and
  composition
• Dramatic use of space and light
• Elongated Figures

25
Tintoretto

• Last Supper
• Much more dramatic in color and linesharp
  diagonals
• Halos of light around key figurescharacteristic
  of Byzantium art (know who is important)
• Angels hidden in ceiling rafterssupernatural
  event happening

26
(No Transcript)
27
El Greco

• The Burial of Count Orgaz
• Living are lined up in a row to show a cut-off
  line of life
• Above line is turbulent Paradiseangels, saints,
  Jesus, and Mary are squished together and flowing
• Below is stillness and sorrow, above is movement
  and happiness

28
Paradise
Line of living
Death Sorrow
29
End of Rennaissance

• Last half of 16th century, beginning of 17th
  century
• Much experimentation in art, but no single trend
• Focus on spiritual and religion
• Darker, harsher light and color
• Introduction to new era called Baroque