Dr PH Epidemiology

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• Dr PH Epidemiology
• E-mail samir_bahnasy_at_hotmail.com

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• ????? ??????? ?? ???????? (Thymus) ??? ????
  ??????? ????????? T
• ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? (Stem
  cells) ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????
• ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????????
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• ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????
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• ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????
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????? ???????

• 1- ????? ??????
• ?- ?????
• ?- ????
• 2- ????? ??????
• ?- ?????
• ?- ????

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(1) ??????? ????????(?) ??????? ???????? ???????

• ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??
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  ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??
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  ???? .

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(No Transcript)
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(1) ??????? ????????(?) ??????? ??????? ??????

• ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????
  ??????? ???? ????? ?????
• ???? ?????
• ????? ???? ????? ??????
• ????? ??? ??????? ???????
• I- ????? ????????? ?????????
• II- ??????? ?????
• III- ????? ?????

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(?) ??????? ??????? ?????? I- ???????
??????????? ???????????

• ??????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???
• ????? ??????
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• ????????? ????????
• ???????? ?????????? ???
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• ??????? ????? ???????
• ??????
• ??????
• ??????? ???????
• ?????

12
(?) ??????? ??????? ?????? II- ????????? ???????

• ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ???????
  ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????
• ?????? ???
• ??????? ???????? (Macrophages Neutrophils )
• ??????? ??????? ???????? (Natural killer cells)
• ??????? ??????? (Mast cells)
• ??????? ??????? (Complement)

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??????? ???????? (Macrophages)

• ??? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????.
• ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????.
• ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????
  ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????.
• ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???
  ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????
  ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????.

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??????? ???????? Macrophage (????? ??????? E.
coli)
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??????? ???????? Macrophage (????? ?????
Candida albicans)
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??????? ???????? (Neutrophils)

• ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??
  ???????.
• ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??
  ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????
  ???? ??????? ?????.

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??????? ???????? Neutophil (????? ???????
Streptococcus pyogenes )
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??????? ???????? Neutophil (????? ???? ???????)
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??????? ??????? ???????? (Natural killer cells)

• ?? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????
  ????? ???? ????? ????????.
• ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??
  ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????.
• ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???
  ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????
  ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???
  ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????.

20
??????? ??????? (Mast cells)

• ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????
  ???????.
• ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????
  ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? IgE.
• ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???
  ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??
  ???? ???? ????????? ??????????.
• ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????.

21
??????? ??????? (Complement)

• ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??
  ??????????.
• ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????
  ??????? ???????? Phagocytes ???????? ???????
  ???????.
• ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????
  ????? ???? ?????.
• ???? ??????? ??????? Mast cells ?????? ?????????
  ??????? ??????.
• ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??
  ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????.

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????????? ?????????? (????????)Inflammatory
response

• ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
  ??????.
• ????? ???? ????? ???????.
• ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????????.
• ????? ?? ?????? ??????.
• ??? ??? ??? ?????
• ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????
  ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????
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• ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????
  ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????
  ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????
• ???? ??????? ??????? Mast cells ????? ?????????
  ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??
  ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ????
  ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????
  ???????.

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(?) ??????? ??????? ?????? III- ??????? ???????

• ???????????(Interferon)???? ???????? ??????
  ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????
  ?????????.
• ???????? ??????? ?????? (Acute phase proteins)
  ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????
  ?????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????
  ?????????? ??????.

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??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????

• ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??
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  ???? ???????.
• ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??
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  ?????.
• ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????
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  ??? ?????? ?????.

25
(????) ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????

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  ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????.
• ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????
  ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????
  ????????.
• ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????
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  ??????? ???????????????) ???? ??? ???? ??????
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(No Transcript)
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(2) ??????? ????????(?) ??????? ???????? ???????
(???????)

• ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????
  ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? 3 ??????? ???? ???????
  ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??
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  ?????????.

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(2) ??????? ????????(?) ??????? ???????? ??????

• ????? ????????? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????
  ????????.
• ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????
  ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????.
  
• ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????.
• ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? T B.

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????? ???? ??????? ????????
30
??????? ?????????? T cells

• ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????
  ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????
  ???????? ??????? ?? ?????.
• ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????
  ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????.
• ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??
  ????? ??? ???.
• ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????
  ??? 3 ?????
• ????? ?????? Helper T cells ???? ????? ???????
• ????? ???? Cytotoxic T cells ???? ??? ?????
  ????? ??? ????????
• ????? ????? Supperssor T cells ???? ???? ????
  ??????? ?????? ????? ???????

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??????? ?????? Cytotoxic cell ????? ????? ????
??????? ??????? ????????
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??????? ?????????? B cells

• ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????.
• ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? Antibody ???? ?????? ???
  ?????.
• ????? ????? ?????? B cell ??????? ???????? ?????
  ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????
  ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????.
• ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????
  Plasma cells ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????
  ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????
  ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????.
• ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????
  ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????.

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????? ?????? ???????? ??????? BClonal selection
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??????? ??????? Antibodies(Ab)

• ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???.
• ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????????
  Ig ????? ??? ??? ??? Y.
• ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?????
  ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????
  ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????
  ???????.

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????? ??????? ???????

• ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????
• IgM ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????
  ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
• IgG ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???
  ?????? ???????? ???????.
• IgA ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????
  ?????????? ????????.
• IgE ????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
  ??????? Mast cells ????? ???? ?? ????????
  ???????? ??????????.

36
??????? ??????? Antibodies
37
??????? ??????? Antibodies
38
????????? Antigens (Ag)

• ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????.
• ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????.
• ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????
  ??????? ???????? ???.
• ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??
  ??????? ???????.

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????????? Antigens (Ag)
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????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????
41
????? ??? ????? ??????

• ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??
  ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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  ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????
  ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????
  ????.

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????? ?????
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