NatSci360 Protostomia

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Natural Sciences 360 Legacy of Life Lecture
08 Dr. Stuart S. Sumida
Finishing Protostomes
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Onychophora Tardigrada Anomalocarididae Trilobito
morpha Chelicerata Crustacea Myriapoda Insecta
ARTHROPODA Mandibulata
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Hurdia from the Burgess Shale.
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Hurdia Amongst the most primitive and oldest
known of true arthropods. Belongs to a group
call the Anomalocarididae. Known from the Late
Cambrian Burgess Shale. It demonstrates earliest
evidence and example of the organization of the
head shield) region.
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• TRILOBITOMORPHA
• Oldest known of arthropods.
• Excellent examples known back to Cambrian period
  (about 540 million years ago).
• Survived until Early Permian (about 280 million
  years ago).
• Usually considered to be very basal (primitive)
  member of Arthropoda.

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TRILOBITOMORPHA Oldest known of arthropods. Known
back to Cambrian period (about 540 million years
ago). Survived until Early Permian (about 280
million years ago). Usually considered to be very
basal (primitive) member of Arthropoda.
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CHELICERATA Includes spiders, scorpions,
eurypterids Have specialized mouth parts (but
not jaws) called chelicerae.
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Some eurypterids were up to two meters in length!
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Hadrurus arizonensis
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Onychophora Tardigrada Anomalocarididae Trilobito
morpha Chelicerata Crustacea Myriapoda Insecta
ARTHROPODA Mandibulata
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MANDIBULATA Arthropods with jaws. Includes
crustaceans, insects, and others CRUSTACEA
Includes crabs, lobsters, shrimp, one
terrestrial grouppill bugs. Primarily marine.
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A Crustacean
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A Crustacean
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A Crustacean
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Insects are thought to have evolved from
MYRIAPODS through the phenomenon known as
NEOTONY NEOTONY the retention of juvenile
features and characters will attaining sexual
maturity.
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Insects exploited the land with little or no
competition. Key innovations that allowed
this 1st Chitonous exoskeleton hardened and
became more waterproof. Later (after insects had
already appeared) - wings.
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The most primitive insects (called APTERYGOTES)
did not have wings. Apterygotes
Paleopterans Neoptera
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Apterygotes are wingless bugs and include
things like silverfish and their relatives.
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The most primitive insects (called APTERYGOTES)
did not have wings. Apterygotes
Paleopterans Neoptera
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The more primitive winges insecs includde
mayflies (Ephemeroptera) and the ODONATA. The
ODONATA includes damselflies and dragon flies.
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Original function of insect wings Probably not
for flight, but for thermoregulation.
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The most primitive insects (called APTERYGOTES)
did not have wings. Apterygotes
Paleopterans Neoptera
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LOTS and LOTS of insect groups Amongst the most
important Coleptera (beetles) Hymenoptera
(ants, bees, wasps, others) Lepidoptera (moths
and butterflies)
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Coleoptera (beetles) Almost 33 of all known
species on the planet.
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Hymenoptera (ants, bees, wasps,
others) Evolution of extreme examples of social
systems
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Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) Important
pollinators, night and day.
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Ecdysozoa
Others Nematoda Arthropoda Others Platyhelmint
hes Mollusca Annelida
Lophotrochozoa
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Choanoflagella Porifora Placozoa Ctenophora C
nidaria Protostomia Pterobranchia Echinodermata
Hemichordata Chordata
Animalia