Inorganic Nomenclature

1
Inorganic Nomenclature
2
Ions

• atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost
  electrons.
• cation -- positive ion
• anion -- negative ion

3
Ionic Compounds

• Neutral compounds which are formed when anions
  and cations come together in ratios that balance
  the positive and negative charges. (Form formula
  units)

4
Formula Unit

• The smallest representative unit of an ionic
  compound.

5
Common monatomic ions

• H
• Li Be2 N-3 O-2 F-
• Na Mg2 Al3 P-3 S-2 Cl-
• K Ca2 Zn2 As-3 Se-2 Br-
• Rb Sr2 Ag Cd2 Te-2 I-
• Cs Ra2

6
Cation names element name

• Na sodium ion
• Ca2 calcium ion
• Co3 cobalt(III) ion
• Co2 cobalt(II) ion
• for transition metals or other metals with
  variable oxidation states use roman numerals to
  designate charge.

7
Anion names elementide ion

• N3- nitrogen ? nitride ion
• O2- oxygen ? oxide ion
• S2- sulfur ? sulfide ion
• Cl- chlorine ? chloride ion

8
Compound formation

• Ions will combine in such a way as to neutralize
  charges

9

• calcium bromine

10

• calcium bromine ? Ca2 Br- ? CaBr2
• calcium bromide

11

• silver oxygen

12

• silver oxygen ? Ag O-2 ? Ag2O
• silver oxide

13

• potassium chlorine

14

• potassium chlorine ? K Cl- ? KCl
• potassium chloride

15

• aluminum oxygen

16

• aluminum oxygen ? Al3 O-2 ? Al2O3
• aluminum oxide

17
Latin names for cations

• Copper(I) cuprous Cu
• Copper(II) cupric Cu2
• Iron(II) ferrous Fe2
• Iron(III) ferric Fe3
• Tin(II) stannous Sn2
• Tin(IV) stannic Sn4

18
Name to Formula

• Chromium(II)chloride
• Cadmium nitride
• Potassium bromide
• Cuprous sulfide
• Silver oxide

19
Name to Formula

• Chromium(II)chloride - CrCl2
• Cadmium nitride - Cd3N2
• Potassium bromide - KBr
• Cuprous sulfide - Cu2S
• Silver oxide - Ag2O

20
Formula to Name

• Na3N
• FeCl3
• Ca3P2
• CdO
• LiI

21
Formula to Name

• Na3N - sodium nitride
• FeCl3 - iron(III) chloride
• Ca3P2 - calcium phosphide
• CdO - cadmium oxide
• LiI - lithium iodide

22
Binary covalent compounds

• mono 1 hexa 6
• di 2 hepta 7
• tri 3 octa 8
• tetra 4 nona 9
• penta 5 deca 10

23

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO
• NO
• SO2
• PCl5
• Br3O8
• N2O
• Sb2S5

24

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO
• SO2
• PCl5
• Br3O8
• N2O
• Sb2S5

25

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO nitrogen monoxide
• SO2
• PCl5
• Br3O8
• N2O
• Sb2S5

26

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO nitrogen monoxide
• SO2 sulfur dioxide
• PCl5
• Br3O8
• N2O
• Sb2S5

27

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO nitrogen monoxide
• SO2 sulfur dioxide
• PCl5 phosphorous pentachloride
• Br3O8
• N2O
• Sb2S5

28

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO nitrogen monoxide
• SO2 sulfur dioxide
• PCl5 phosphorous pentachloride
• Br3O8 tribromine octaoxide
• N2O
• Sb2S5

29

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO nitrogen monoxide
• SO2 sulfur dioxide
• PCl5 phosphorous pentachloride
• Br3O8 tribromine octaoxide
• N2O dinitrogen oxide
• Sb2S5

30

• CO2 carbon dioxide
• CO carbon monoxide
• NO nitrogen monoxide
• SO2 sulfur dioxide
• PCl5 phosphorous pentachloride
• Br3O8 tribromine octaoxide
• N2O dinitrogen oxide
• Sb2S5 diantimony pentasulfide

31
Ternary ate anions

• Ions inside Mississippi
• contain 4 oxygen atoms.
• Ions outside Mississippi
• contain 3 oxygen atoms
• look at charge trends

32
Formula to name

• Ca(ClO3)2 -
• Na2SO4 -
• Mg3(PO4)2 -
• Al(BrO3)3 -

33
Formula to name

• Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate
• Na2SO4 -
• Mg3(PO4)2 -
• Al(BrO3)3 -

34
Formula to name

• Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate
• Na2SO4 - sodium sulfate
• Mg3(PO4)2 -
• Al(BrO3)3 -

35
Formula to name

• Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate
• Na2SO4 - sodium sulfate
• Mg3(PO4)2 - magnesium phosphate
• Al(BrO3)3 -

36
Formula to name

• Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate
• Na2SO4 - sodium sulfate
• Mg3(PO4)2 - magnesium phosphate
• Al(BrO3)3 - aluminum bromate

37
Name to formula

• lithium selenate -
• potassium iodate -
• aluminum carbonate -
• calcium borate -
• cuprous sulfate -

38
Name to formula

• lithium selenate - Li2SeO4
• potassium iodate -
• aluminum carbonate -
• calcium borate -
• cuprous sulfate -

39
Name to formula

• lithium selenate - Li2SeO4
• potassium iodate - KIO3
• aluminum carbonate -
• calcium borate -
• cuprous sulfate -

40
Name to formula

• lithium selenate - Li2SeO4
• potassium iodate - KIO3
• aluminum carbonate - Al2(CO3)3
• calcium borate -
• cuprous sulfate -

41
Name to formula

• lithium selenate - Li2SeO4
• potassium iodate - KIO3
• aluminum carbonate - Al2(CO3)3
• calcium borate - Ca3(BO3)2
• cuprous sulfate -

42
Name to formula

• lithium selenate - Li2SeO4
• potassium iodate - KIO3
• aluminum carbonate - Al2(CO3)3
• calcium borate - Ca3(BO3)2
• cuprous sulfate - Cu2SO4

43
Ternary ite ions

• Ite ions ate ions less 1 oxygen
• all else remains the same

44
Formula to name

• K3PO3 -
• Mg3(BO3)2 -
• Al(ClO2)3 -
• Fe(IO3)3 -

45
Formula to name

• K3PO3 - potassium phosphite
• Mg3(BO3)2 -
• Al(ClO2)3 -
• Fe(IO3)3 -

46
Formula to name

• K3PO3 - potassium phosphite
• Mg3(BO3)2 - magnesium borate
• Al(ClO2)3 -
• Fe(IO3)3 -

47
Formula to name

• K3PO3 - potassium phosphite
• Mg3(BO3)2 - magnesium borate
• Al(ClO2)3 - aluminum chlorite
• Fe(IO3)3 -

48
Formula to name

• K3PO3 - potassium phosphite
• Mg3(BO3)2 - magnesium borate
• Al(ClO2)3 - aluminum chlorite
• Fe(IO3)3 - ferric iodate or iron(III)
  iodate

49
Name to formula

• Strontium sulfite -
• Beryllium carbonate -
• Aluminum oxide -
• Lithium nitrite -
• Chromium(III)sulfate -

50
Name to formula

• Strontium sulfite - SrSO3
• Beryllium carbonate -
• Aluminum oxide -
• Lithium nitrite -
• Chromium(III)sulfate -

51
Name to formula

• Strontium sulfite - SrSO3
• Beryllium carbonate - BeCO3
• Aluminum oxide -
• Lithium nitrite -
• Chromium(III)sulfate -

52
Name to formula

• Strontium sulfite - SrSO3
• Beryllium carbonate - BeCO3
• Aluminum oxide - Al2O3
• Lithium nitrite -
• Chromium(III)sulfate -

53
Name to formula

• Strontium sulfite - SrSO3
• Beryllium carbonate - BeCO3
• Aluminum oxide - Al2O3
• Lithium nitrite - LiNO2
• Chromium(III)sulfate -

54
Name to formula

• Strontium sulfite - SrSO3
• Beryllium carbonate - BeCO3
• Aluminum oxide - Al2O3
• Lithium nitrite - LiNO2
• Chromium(III)sulfate - Cr2(SO4)3

55
Hypo--ites and per--ates

• Hypo -- ite ite - 1 oxygen
• Per -- ate ate 1 oxygen
• perchlorate ClO4-1
• chlorate ClO3-1
• chlorite ClO2-1
• hypochlorite ClO-1

56
Ions to memorize

• ammonium NH41
• acetate C2H3O2-1
• hydroxide OH-1
• cyanide CN-1
• permanganate MnO4-1

57
Formula to name

• NaBrO -
• Cr(OH)2 -
• (NH4)2SO3 -
• LiIO4 -
• Mg(ClO3)2 -

58
Formula to name

• NaBrO - sodium hypobromite
• Cr(OH)2 -
• (NH4)2SO3 -
• LiIO4 -
• Mg(ClO3)2 -

59
Formula to name

• NaBrO - sodium hypobromite
• Cr(OH)2 - chromium(II) hydroxide
• (NH4)2SO3 -
• LiIO4 -
• Mg(ClO3)2 -

60
Formula to name

• NaBrO - sodium hypobromite
• Cr(OH)2 - chromium(II) hydroxide
• (NH4)2SO3 - ammonium sulfite
• LiIO4 -
• Mg(ClO3)2 -

61
Formula to name

• NaBrO - sodium hypobromite
• Cr(OH)2 - chromium(II) hydroxide
• (NH4)2SO3 - ammonium sulfite
• LiIO4 - lithium periodate
• Mg(ClO3)2 -

62
Formula to name

• NaBrO - sodium hypobromite
• Cr(OH)2 - chromium(II) hydroxide
• (NH4)2SO3 - ammonium sulfite
• LiIO4 - lithium periodate
• Mg(ClO3)2 - magnesium chlorate

63
Name to formula

• Ferric perbromate -
• calcium permanganate -
• ammonium cyanide -
• cobalt(II)hypochlorite -

64
Name to formula

• Ferric perbromate - Fe(BrO4)3
• calcium permanganate -
• ammonium cyanide -
• cobalt(II)hypochlorite -

65
Name to formula

• Ferric perbromate - Fe(BrO4)3
• calcium permanganate -Ca(MnO4)2
• ammonium cyanide -
• cobalt(II)hypochlorite -

66
Name to formula

• Ferric perbromate - Fe(BrO4)3
• calcium permanganate -Ca(MnO4)2
• ammonium cyanide - NH4CN
• cobalt(II)hypochlorite -

67
Name to formula

• Ferric perbromate - Fe(BrO4)3
• calcium permanganate -Ca(MnO4)2
• ammonium cyanide - NH4CN
• cobalt(II)hypochlorite - Co(ClO)2