BIOLOGY

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BIOLOGY

• Diversity of Organisms

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Diversity of Organisms

• Today I want to talk about Diversity of
  Organisms. There are three main topics
• A) Five kingdoms of organisms
• B) Classification of Animals
• C) Classification of Plants

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Five kingdoms of organisms

• 1 Prokaryotes
• They include bacteria blue-green algae.
• They are very tiny and can seen with the high
  power of a light microscope.
• They consist of a single cell but do not have any
  true nucleus ,mitochondria or chloroplasts.

lt Anthrax bacteria
A flagellate gt
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Five kingdoms of organisms

• 2 Protoctists
• They are tiny and can be seen with the low power
  of a microscope.
• They consist of the single cell with a true
  nucleus but some are multicellular.
• They live mainly in water or inside other
  organisms.

lt Amoeba
Paramecium gt
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Five kingdoms of organisms

• 3 Fungi
• They are made up of a single call or thread-like
  structures called hyphae.
• They have cell wall and do not move.They have no
  chlorophyll and any roots, stems or leaves.
• They are usually saprophytic or parasitic and
  live in soil ir inside other organisms.

lt Yeast
Mushroom gt
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Five kingdoms of organisms

• 4 Plants
• All plant cells have cell wall and green plant
  cells contain chlorophyll.
• They make their own food by photosynthesis.
• They do not move from place to place.

lt Plant
Green plantgt
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Five kingdoms of organisms

• 5 Animals
• They do not have any cell wall.
• They cannot make their own food and must take in
  food.
• Most of them can move from place to place.

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Classification of animals
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Vertebrates

• A ) Fish
• Their bodies are covered by silmy scales.
• They have fins.
• Their bodies are streamlined.
• They breathe with gills.
• They are poikilotherms.

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Vertebrates

• B) Amphibians
• They can live both on land and in water
• They have wet, silmy skins but no scales.
• They have 4 limbs when they are adult.
• They are poikilotherms.

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Vertebrates

• C) Reptiles
• Many live on land.
• They have skin covered by hard, dry scales.
• They breathe with lungs.
• They are mostly poikilotherms.

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Vertebrates

• D) Birds
• They have feathers.
• Most can fly with wings but some cannot.
• They have beaks.
• They breathe with lungs.
• They are homoiotherms.

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Vertebrates

• E) Mammals
• Their bodies are covered with hair.
• Females have well-developed mammary glands for
  feeding their young.
• They breathe with lungs.
• They are homoiotherms.

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Invertebrates

• Most of them are small.

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Classification of plants
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Flowering plants

• A) Monocotyledonous plants
• They have only one seed leaf in the seed.

Iris
Rice
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Flowering plants

• B) Dicotyledonous plants
• They have two seed leaves in the seeds.
• Their leaves have a network of veins.

Water lily
Broad bean
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Non-flowering plants

• A) Mosses
• They are small plants,but no roots.
• They have chlorophyll but no vascular tissue.

Polytrichum
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Non-flowering plants

• B) Ferns
• They are small plants with true roots, stems and
  leaves.
• They have chlorophyll and vascular tissue.

dryopteris
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Non-flowering plants

• C) Gymnosperms
• They have large plants with roots, stems, leaves
  and vascular tissue.
• Most of them have needle-shaped leaves.

Firs