2'4 How is the earth shaped where plates converge

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2.4 How is the earth shaped where plates
converge?

• When two convection currents meet, they cause the
  plates above to _____________. The plate is
  forced to slip below the other. The lower part of
  the dense plate will __________ into the mantle
  and be destroyed. Such type of plate boundaries
  is called ________________ plate boundaries.

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2.4.1 Where are the plates converging? (Fig.2)

• Most destructive plate boundaries run on land or
  along land _____________.

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2.4.1 Where are the plates converging? (Fig.2)

• The two major belts are
• 1.
• - In the east, it runs from to
  ______________.
• - It is found along where the North American
  Plate collides with the _____________ Plate, the
  ______________ Plate collides with the Caribbean
  Plate, and the ______________ Plate collides with
  the South American Plate.
• - In the west, the Philippine Plate and the
  ____________ Plate push into the
  _________________ Plate.

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2.4.1 Where are the plates converging? (Fig.2)

• 2. _____________________________________
• - It runs from the ____________________ Sea,
  cross the north of ____________ and turns
  south-east into the _______________ Ocean.
• - It is found along where the _____________
  Plate, the Arabian Plate and the
  _____________________ Plate are pushing
  northwards into the ______________ Plate.

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2.4.2 What processes are found along destructive
plate boundaries?

• - Along the destructive plate boundaries,
  ______________ forces results in ____________ and
  faulting.
• - During folding and faulting, intense friction
  is created. This causes ______________. At the
  same time, lines of weakness may be produced,
  ______________ rises through these lines of
  weakness and results in _________________.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 1. Where a continental crust collides with an
  ocean crust (Fig.3)
• When a continental crust (e.g. __________________
  Plate) collides with an ocean crust (e.g.
  ____________ Plate), three major landforms are
  formed.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• A. Ocean trenches
• - When the South American Plate collides with the
  Nazca Plate, the Nazca Plate is dragged or
  _________________ under the South American Plate
  because it is __________.
• - A deep and elongated trough called an
  ____________________(the_________________off the
  coast of Chile) is formed.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• B. Fold mountains (Fig.4)
• - As the South American Plate and Nazca Plate
  continue to collide, compressional forces result
  in _________________. The __________________
  rocks along the coast of South America are folded
  up to form the _________________.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• C. Volcanoes
• - During the convergence of the two plates, the
  edge of the Nazca Plate is pushed into the
  mantle. It is heated up, _____________ and
  ___________________ into the mantle. The
  ____________ , which is under ______________,
  then rises up onto the surface through the
  __________________________________ and forms
  volcanoes.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 2. Where two continental crusts collide (Fig.5)
• - When two continental crusts ( the
  ___________________Plate and the
  _____________________________ Plate )collide,
  fold mountains (the ______________________ ) are
  formed.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 2. Where two continental crusts collide (Fig.5)
• - The converging magma currents caused the
  ___________________________ Plate to be subducted
  under the ________________ Plate.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 2. Where two continental crusts collide (Fig.5)
• - Before the formation of Himalayas,
  ___________________ from the land was washed down
  and deposited between the Asian and Indian
  subcontinents.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 2. Where two continental crusts collide (Fig.5)
• - As the Indo-Australian Plate continues to move
  northwards, the _________________ rocks between
  the two plates is under great _________________
  force and are folded up to form fold mountains (
  the _______________________ ).

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 2. Where two continental crusts collide (Fig.5)
• - At the same time, the rocks are cracked and
  displaced by __________________ . The fractures
  allowed magma to rise and produce
  _________________ landforms.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 3. Where two oceanic crusts collide (Fig.7)
• - In the Asia-Pacific region, the _______________
  Plates collides with the ______________ Plate
  (both with _____________ crust at the edge). Two
  major landforms are formed.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 3. Where two oceanic crusts collide (Fig.7)
• A. Ocean trenches
• - As the two plates collide, the denser plate (
  the _________________ Plate) is subducted below
  the less dense plate (the ___________________
  Plate). The ________________________ is formed
  above the subduction zone.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 3. Where two oceanic crusts collide (Fig.7)
• B. Volcanic island arcs
• - The subduction process causes _________________
  and produces fractures.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 3. Where two oceanic crusts collide (Fig.7)
• B. Volcanic island arcs
• - Magma in the mantle then rises up to the ocean
  floor and produces a chain of volcanoes called
  _________________ volcanoes.

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 3. Where two oceanic crusts collide (Fig.7)
• B. Volcanic island arcs
• - After repeated eruptions, some submarine
  volcanoes may rise ________________ sea level to
  become volcanic islands called a
  ___________________________________ which closely
  parallels the ocean trench. (e.g. the
  _________________ islands are created along the
  Philippine Trench.)

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2.4.3 What landforms are created where plate
collide?

• 3. Where two oceanic crusts collide (Fig.7)
• B. Volcanic island arcs
• - After repeated eruptions, some submarine
  volcanoes may rise ________________ sea level to
  become volcanic islands called a
  ___________________________________ which closely
  parallels the ocean trench. (e.g. the
  _________________ islands are created along the
  Philippine Trench.)

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2.4 Summary
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2.5 How do endogenetic processes affect human
beings?
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