TEMIS

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TEMIS VITO activities

Felix Deutsch Koen De Ridder Jean Vankerkom
VITO Flemish Institute for Technological
Research Mol, Belgium
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Contents

• Short overview of the BelEUROS-modelling system
• Results reached in TEMIS
• - Improvement of boundary conditions for
  BelEUROS
• - Contribution of LRTAP to air quality in
  Belgium
• Possible future contributions to TEMIS

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Overview of the BelEUROS-modelling system

• EUROS created by RIVM (Netherlands) for
  modelling of ozone
• in Belgium implemented in 2001 for ozone
• in 2004/2005 BelEUROS extended by VITO with two
  modules for modelling
• additionally primary and secondary particulate
  matter (PM10, PM2.5)
• Meteo ECMWF (T, rH, wvwd, CC, PR, mixing layer
  height)
• Emissions EMEP/CORINAIR additionally local
  emission inventories
• with higher resolution, e.g.
  for Belgium
• Chemistry for O3, NOx Carbon Bond IV (CB-IV)
  gas phase mechanism, for PM10, PM2.5
  CACM aerosol module MADRID 2
• Resolution horizontal 60 km/15 km or 7.5 km
• vertical 4 layers
  (chemistry), 14 layers advection

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Overview of the BelEUROS-modelling system

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Overview of the BelEUROS-modelling system

refined grid resolution 15 km x 15 km (or 7.5 km
x 7.5 km)
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Overview of the BelEUROS-modelling system

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Results reached in TEMIS
required input data

• meteorology 3-D fields of wind speed
  direction, temperature, humidity, cloud cover,
  precipitation, mixing height (ECMWF)
• emissions per pollutant (NOx, VOCs, ) and per
  sector (traffic, industry, biogenic)
• but additionally
• boundary conditions concentrations of O3, NO2
  and all other chemical species at the boundaries
  of the model domain (up to now climatological
  values) these lateral boundary values were
  specified as long-term (monthly) mean
  concentrations), but no actual concentrations for
  a certain period

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Results reached in TEMIS

Methodology for improved boundary conditions for
the BelEUROS-model

• Retrieval of 3-D concentration fields of all
  chemical species of the CB-IV mechanism from the
  TM4 model and interpolation to the lateral grid
  cells of BelEUROS to replace the climatologies

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Results Improved BC
Ozone concentrations at the Western boundary of
the BelEUROS domain simulated by TM4

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Results Improved BC
Ozone Comparison of TM4 BC and BelEUROS
climatology

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Results Improved BC
NO2 concentrations at the Western boundary of the
BelEUROS domain as simulated by TM4

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Results Improved BC
TM4 Episode of transatlantic NO2-transport

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Results Improved BC
NO2 Comparison of TM4 BC and BelEUROS climatology

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Results Improved BC

Bias -27,1 (Clim.) -9,1 (TM4)
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Results Improved BC

Bias -44,9 (Clim.) -24,5 (TM4)
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Results Contribution of LRTAP
Impact of transatlantic O3 transport on European
air quality (O3)

BE 37 annual mean contribution
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Results Contribution of LRTAP
Impact of transatlantic O3 transport on European
air quality (NO2)

BE 6.5 annual mean contribution increasing O3
background can lead to non-attainment of EU limit
value for NO2 by changing the NO/NO2-ratio!
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Results Contribution of LRTAP
Impact of transatlantic NO2 transport on
European air quality (NO2)

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Results TEMIS website
Impact of transatlantic NOx transport on
European air quality (O3)

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Conclusions

• Nesting of the components of the ozone chemistry
  of BelEUROS into TM4 concentration fields
  resulted in more realistic representation of long
  range transport of air pollutants in BelEUROS
  simulations.
• This improved the model performance, e.g. of
  ozone simulations in winter/spring/autumn.
• Calculations showed the high impact of
  transatlantic O3-transport on annual mean O3- and
  NO2-concentrations in Europe. Transatlantic
  NO2-transport can have an impact on
  NO2-concentrations during episodes.
• 4) Model performance would certainly benefit from
  a further improvement of boundary conditions by
  using Earth Observation data, also for the fine
  particulate matter species.

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Possible future contributions to TEMIS

• Further improvement of boundary conditions for
  the BelEUROS model
• nesting of the fine particulate matter version of
  BelEUROS into TM4 concentration fields (PM2.5,
  NH4, SO42-, NO3-)
• using Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data for
  improved boundary conditions, taking LRT of fine
  particulate matter into consideration
• using tropospheric ozone data for improved
  boundary conditions and LRT of ozone

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Possible contributions to TEMIS II
Daily forecast of PM10 concentrations for the
Belgian Interregional Environment Agency These
forecasts only use local information and suffer
from the lack of information on long range
transport of PM10

• Improvement of PM10 forecasts using AOD
  observations from satellites, especially for
  taking e.g. Sahara dust, forest fires and biomass
  burning into consideration

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Possible contributions to TEMIS II

• Detection of upcoming PM clouds
• Combination of forecast model with trajectory
  model and AOD data
• combine AOD EO data with forecasted back
  trajectories by e.g. Flextra/Flexpart
• This would permit the detection of upcoming PM
  clouds