Drive Right Chapters 12 and 13

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Drive RightChapters 12 and 13

• Period 2
• Driver Education
• Mr. Miller

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.1 Reduced Visibility
• Slowing down to give yourself more time.
• Scanning in and around your path of travel to the
  target area to identify hazards early.
• Predicting others will make maneuvers into your
  intended path of travel
• Deciding to position your vehicle ahead of time
  with an extra space cushion around it.
• Executing driving actions gently to maintain
  control so others know what you are doing.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.1 Reduced Visibility
• Take these steps when the slightest amount of
  moisture builds up
• Turn on your front-window defroster.
• Switch on your rear defogger.
• Use air conditioning and/or heater if it will
  help.
• Open windows as needed.
• Clean all windows and lights ahead of time in bad
  weather.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.1 Reduced Visibility
• Low levels of light at night severely limit your
  ability to use the IPDE process.
• Keep these points in mind when driving with your
  headlights on at night
• Use high-beam headlights to see further down the
  road.
• Only use high-beam headlights when vehicles are
  more than ½ mile in front of you.
• Switch to low-beam headlights the instant you see
  the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, the
  taillights of a vehicle you are approaching, or
  the taillights of a vehicle that has just passed
  you.
• This will prevent you from blinding others with
  your headlights.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.1 Reduced Visibility
• Use your low-beam headlights in
• Bad Weather
• Snow
• Heavy Rain
• Fog
• High-beam headlights will reflect more light back
  into your eyes as a result, you will see less.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.1 Reduced Visibility
• Overdriving headlights means driving at a speed
  that makes your stopping distance longer than the
  distance lighted by your headlights.
• Make sure you do not overdrive your headlights,
  especially in bad weather or on a slick road.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.2 Reduced Traction
• Wet Roadways
• Rain-slick road can create a problem for any
  driver.
• When rain begins to fall, it mixes with dust and
  oil on the road. This mix can make the roads
  very slippery, until more rain washes it away.
• Reduce speed to make better use of your limited
  traction.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.2 Reduced Traction
• Wet Roadways
• Hydroplaning is when a tire loses road contact by
  rising up on top of water and no longer has
  contact with the road.
• Hydroplaning is caused by a combination of
  standing water, speed, and tire condition.
• Deep threads of new, properly inflated tires will
  cut through the water and grip the road.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.2 Reduced Traction
• Snow
• Gently accelerate, brake and steer your vehicle
  are keys to vehicle control in snow.
• Often you can move your vehicle out of deep snow,
  mud, or sand by driving forward a little and then
  back a little. This technique is called Rocking
  a Vehicle.
• Make sure your wheels are straight and gently
  accelerate to move in snow.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.2 Reduced Traction
• Ice
• Be alert when temperatures drop below freezing
  and it is raining.
• Predict the worst when ice begins to form.
• Bridge roadways tend to freeze before other
  roadway surfaces. Cold air circulates above and
  below overpasses to cause freezing.
• Black Ice that forms in thin sheets. This can be
  extremely hard to see.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.2 Reduced Traction
• Skidding
• Can happen on any surface while you are braking,
  accelerating, or steering.
• If you wait until you feel your skid, you may not
  be able to correct it.
• Different kinds of skids
• Over-Power Skid
• Over-Braking Skid
• Front-Wheel Skid
• Rear-Wheel Skid
• Skidding in a Curve

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.2 Reduced Traction
• Controlled Braking
• Used to reduce your speed as quickly as possible
  while maintaining steering control.
• Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) vehicles use a
  computer to prevent its wheels from locking
  even in an emergency stop.
• ABS brakes will allow you to brake and steer at
  the same time they will not enable you to stop
  in a shorter distance.

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.3 Other Adverse Weather Conditions
• Windy Weather
• Hot Weather
• Cold Weather
• Exhaust Leaks
• Race Cold Engine
• Setting Parking Brake

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Chapter 12Driving in Adverse Conditions

• 12.3 Other Adverse Weather Conditions
• Tips for Smooth Winter Driving
• Traffic Reports
• Clear Windows
• Lower Speeds
• Safe Following Distances
• Keep Moving in Snow
• Lower Gear on Slippery Roads
• Avoid Cruise Control

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Tire Failure
• Causes of excessive wear.
• Poor maintenance
• Abrupt braking
• Sharp steering
• Bumps, potholes, poor surfaces
• Unbalanced wheels
• Poor alignment
• Under/Overinflation

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Tire Failure
• Take the following actions when a Blow Out
  happens
• Grip steering wheel firmly
• Ease up on accelerator do not brake
• Drive off roadway slowly (gentle braking)
• Turn on hazard lights and stop

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Changing a Flat Tire
• Park on level area and turn on hazards
• Set parking brake and block wheels
• Ask passengers to get out as you get the jack,
  spare and lug wrench
• Assemble jack and then partially jack up vehicle
• Loosen lug nuts
• Jack up vehicle and remove lug nuts and flat tire
• Mount new wheel and replace and tighten lug nuts
• Lower vehicle until tire just touches road and
  tighten lug nuts again
• Place flat, hug cap, jack and lug wrench
• Replace or repair flat tire ASAP!!

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Brake Failure
• Pump brake pedal
• Downshift to lower gear
• Pull and hold parking brake
• Search for an open zone

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Accelerator Malfunction
• Stuck Accelerator
• Kick accelerator to try to free it.
• Apply brakes
• Choose escape path
• Shift to neutral
• Follow escape path off the roadway
• Turn off ignition

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Engine Failure
• Shift to neutral
• Move out of traffic and turn on hazards
• Try to restart engine
• If engine still fails, call for help

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Engine Failure
• Flooded Engine
• Overheated Engine
• Steering Failure
• Use horn and flashers
• Stop as quickly as possible dont brake
• Shift to lower gear

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions
• Loss of Vision
• Hood flies up
• Headlights fail
• Splashed windshield
• Car Fire
• Stalls on Railroad Tracks

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.2 Driving Errors
• Driving off Road
• Emergency Swerving
• Execution of Emergency Swerve
• How Sharply to Swerve?

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.3 Roadway Hazards
• Potholes
• Sharp Curves
• Objects in Roadways
• Vehicle in Deep Water

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.4 Collisions
• Minimizing Effects of a Collision
• Head-on collision
• Side-impact collision
• Rear-end collision

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Chapter 13Handling Emergencies

• 13.4 Collisions
• If you are in a collision
• Stop Immediately
• Aid the Injure
• Prevent Further Damage
• Send for Police
• Exchange Information
• Record Witnesses names
• Give police the Facts
• File necessary Reports