NAPA implementation in practice

1
NAPA implementation in practice current
status of the LDCF portfolio

• Prepared for
• LEG stocktaking meeting on the National
  Adaptation Programmes of Action 3-5 September,
  2007
• by
• Bonizella Biagini, Cluster Coordinator
• Climate Change, Adaptation
• Global Environment Facility

2
LDCF Operational Principles and Priorities

• Scope of the LDCF
• Support for the Preparation of NAPAs (almost
  completed)
• Support for the Implementation of NAPAs to
  finance the urgent and immediate adaptation needs
  in Least Developed Countries as identified in
  completed National Adaptation Plan of Actions
  (NAPAs) (ongoing)
• Priority Areas, as identified by the NAPAs
• Water Resources
• Food Security and Agriculture
• Health
• Disaster Preparedness and Risk Management
• Coastal zone management and Infrastructure
• Natural Resource Management
• Community Level Adaptation.

3
First Ten Projects submitted for NAPA
Implementation under the LDCF

• Bangladesh Community Based Adaptation to CC
  through Coastal Afforestation, UNDP, 3M
• Bhutan Reduce CC-induced Risks and
  Vulnerabilities from Glacial Lake Outbursts in
  the Punakha-Wangdi and Chamkar Valleys, UNDP,
  3.6M
• Cambodia Building Capacities to Integrate Water
  Resources Planning in Agricultural Development,
  UNDP, 1.8M
• Djibouti Reducing impacts and vulnerability of
  coastal productive systems in Djibouti, UNEP, 2M
• Eritrea Integrating Climate Change Risks into
  Community Based Livestock Management in the
  Northwestern Lowlands of Eritrea, UNDP, 3M
• Malawi Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihoods
  and Agriculture (CARLA), AfDB, 3M
• Mauritania Reducing Vulnerability of Arid Oasian
  Zones to Climate Change through Improved
  Watershed Management, UNEP, 1.3M
• Niger Implementing NAPA Priories to Build
  Resilience and Adapt. Capacity of the Agriculture
  Sector to CC in Niger, UNDP, 2M
• Samoa Integrated Climate Change Adaptation in
  Samoa , UNDP, 2M
• Sudan Implementing NAPA priority interventions to
  build resilience in the agriculture and water
  sectors to the adverse impacts of climate change
  in Sudan, UNDP, 3M
• ? total expected allocation from LDCF/GEF
  (incl. fees and prep.) 28.4M

4
Distribution of projects submitted under the LDCF
by region and by sector
5
Bangladesh Community Based Adaptation to
Climate Change through Coastal Afforestation
(LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF 3.00M
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Sea level rise and saltwater intrusion makes
  former agricultural land uninhabitable/non
  productive
• Rising frequency of storms and floods poses risks
  to infrastructure and life in the coastal zone
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Pilots implemented at community level
• Forest management and mangrove/wetland
  restoration ? natural coastal protection
• Innovative ways of securing potable water
• Promotion of alternative livelihoods
• Improving institutional and technical capacity,
  including Early Warning Systems
• ?
• Outcomes
• Reduced risk of hunger, migration and conflict
  over reduced resources
• Reduced loss of life and infrastructure from
  climate change induced disasters

6
Bhutan Reduce CC-induced Risks and
Vulnerabilities from Glacial Lake Outbursts in
the Punakha-Wangdi and Chamkar Valleys (LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF 3.64M
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Glacial lakes reaches critical threshold as
  Himalayan glaciers melt ? massive flashfloods in
  river valleys
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Increase disaster risk management capacity in
  affected valleys
• Artificial lowering of water level in glacial
  lakes
• Creation of an Early Warning System for glacial
  flashfloods
• ?
• Outcomes
• Decreased risk of massive destruction from
  glacial flash floods
• Limitation of human and economic loss if/when
  catastrophic flash floods occur

7
Cambodia Building Capacities to Integrate
Water Resources Planning in Agricultural
Development (LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF 1.85M
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Increased drought and/or flooding poses risk to
  agricultural sector and food security
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Training of adaptation experts in agricultural
  extension teams
• Implementation of pilot projects in local
  communities
• Rainwater harvesting techniques
• Measures to decrease soil erosion and preserve
  genetic diversity in rice agriculture
• Changed design of reservoirs and irrigation
  channels to prevent risks from increased peak
  flows
• Lessons learned disseminated to national and
  international levels
• ?
• Outcomes
• Increased food security and sustainable
  agricultural development
• Reduced risks of climate induced disasters

8
Djibouti Reducing Impacts and Vulnerability of
Coastal Productive Systems in Djibouti

• LDCF/GEF 2M
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Decreasing availability of fresh water caused by
  decreasing rainfall and salt water intrusion
• Increasing risk of coastal erosion and inundation
• Increasing frequencies of flash floods
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Rehabilitation of natural coastal buffers such as
  mangroves and coral reefs. Provision of alternate
  livelihood options to relieve the root causes of
  destruction of coastal buffers.
• Strengthened Early Warning System, and improved
  disaster management capacity
• Increased institutional capacity to implement
  integrated coastal zone management, including CC
  effects on productive coastal systems, in
  particular in the water, fisheries and coastal
  agriculture sectors.
• ?
• Outcomes
• Reduced risks of climate induced disasters
• Reduced impact of CC on productivity and food
  security in coastal communities

9
Eritrea Integrating Climate Change Risks into
Community Based Livestock Management in the
Northwestern Lowlands of Eritrea

• LDCF/GEF 3M
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Increased frequency of seasonal and multi-year
  droughts ? reduced productivity of pastoralist
  systems ? decreasing food security for an already
  marginalized group.
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Pilot demonstrations of improved water and forage
  management systems which incorporate the effects
  of CC
• Improved dissemination of short to medium term
  climate forecasts to pastoral communities
• Promotion of alternative and/or supplemental
  livelihoods for pastoral communities
• Capacity building for agricultural extension
  service to better understand water and forage
  management in the context of CC
• ?
• Outcomes
• Food security and sustainable development for
  pastoral communities
• Reduced competition for water resources between
  agriculturalists and pastoralists in the face of
  increasing water stresses.

10
MalawiClimate Adaptation from Rural Livelihoods
and Agriculture (LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF amount 3.00 million
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Drought and rainfall variability will pose risks
  to the agricultural sector and food security
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Targeted adaptation pilots including
• Crop diversification
• Improved cropping sequences
• Conservation tillage
• Irrigation and efficient water use
• Food storage
• Creation of an enabling environment for Climate
  Risk Management
• Policy development and implementation
• Institutional coordination
• Generation of knowledge and awareness raising
• ?
• Outcomes
• Increased food security and sustainable
  agricultural development

11
Mauritania Reducing Vulnerability of Arid
Oasian Zones to Climate Change and Variability
through Improved Watershed Management (LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF amount 1.33 million
• CC vulnerabilities
• Decreasing rainfall combined with poor water
  management ? poor recharging of vital ground
  water aquifers and oasian zones
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Demonstration projects to improve capacity and
  awareness for sustainable water management
• Run-off dikes to capture rainfall
• Promotion of water efficient technologies
• Dissemination of drip irrigation techniques
• Building codes to prevent building of structures
  on ground water recharge zones
• Policy and institutional support to improve long
  term planning in water management
• ?
• Outcomes
• Sustainable availability of water for
  agriculture, domestic use and tourism purposes

12
Niger Implementing NAPA Priority Interventions
to Build Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of the
Agriculture Sector to Climate Change in Niger
(LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF amount 2.00 million
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Decreasing rainfall and increasing temperatures
  limits productivity of both agriculture and
  pastoralism ? reduced food security and land
  degradation
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Pilot measures implemented at community level
• Water harvesting techniques
• Introduction of drought resistant varieties of
  local crops
• Facilitation of food banks
• Promotion of irrigation from the Niger River
• Institutional support for the agricultural sector
• Distribution of seasonal forecasts and extension
  services to farmers
• ?
• Outcomes
• Increased food security and sustainable
  agricultural development

13
SamoaIntegrated Climate Change Adaptation in
Samoa (LDCF)

• LDCF/GEF amount 2.00 million
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Sea Level Rise ? loss of land and salt intrusion
  into freshwater ? loss of livelihood
• Increased storm activity ? flooding, loss of
  life, crops and infrastructure
• Increasing frequencies of climate related health
  problems
• Increasing intensity of both rainfall and drought
  ? loss of crops and agricultural productivity
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Improvement of health sector capacity
• Pilot measures on agriculture and food security
• Improving and disseminating seasonal forecasts
• Improvement of Early Warning System
• ?
• Outcomes
• Decreased loss of life to tropical disease
• Increased food and water security
• Decreased loss of life and livelihood from
  climate disaster events

14
SudanImplementing NAPA priority interventions
to build resilience in the agriculture and water
sectors to the adverse impacts of climate change
in Sudan

• LDCF/GEF amount 2.00 million
• CC Vulnerabilities
• Decreasing annual rainfall, increasing rainfall
  variability and temperatures ? agro-climatic
  zones shift southwards ? small scale rain fed
  farmers unable to sustain current production
  levels
• ?
• Adaptation Actions
• Pilot measures implemented locally, including
• Improved water harvesting, storage, and small
  scale irrigation techniques
• Introduction of new heat and drought tolerant
  plant varieties
• Planting of wind barriers and trees along
  irrigation canals
• Rehabilitation of vegetation cover and rangelands
• Improved Early Warning System, and capacity
  building at local and national levels
• Outcomes
• Increased food security and sustainable
  agricultural development

15
LDCF Expected submissions

• Burundi
• Burkina Faso
• Ethiopia
• Haiti
• Liberia
• Rwanda
• Zambia
• Will be submitted before the next LDCF/SCCF
  council meeting

16
LDCF Operational and Programming Experience
Positive Remarks

• On NAPA implementation
• 10 projects have been submitted to the GEF
• More projects are expected in the next few months
• We are overall satisfied by both the level of
  resources that are currently available and the
  positive response from the LDCs
• The LDCs and the Agencies have appreciated the
  special options available for the LDCF (such as
  MSPs up to 2 million)

17
LDCF Operational and Programming Experience
Challenges

• General issue of integrating adaptation measures
  into development plans, programs and projects
• Different baselines and in country capacity
• Prioritization one or more sectors?
• Need for much more frequent interactions with GEF
  Agencies and upstream consultations and direct
  involvement of GEF
• Costs of adaptation
• Comparative advantage
• Adamant linkage between adaptation and
  development expected increased role of regional
  development banks and other development-related
  agencies

18
LDCF Existing Resources and Projected Needs

• 150 million mobilized insofar
• Initial targeted resources for NAPA
  implementation 124 million
• As 10 million were utilized for NAPA preparation
• gt 140 are available for projects we have
  already exceeded the initial target!
• GEF continues to mobilize funds
• Pledges continue to come

19
Thank you

• GEF Adaptation-related papers
• www.thegef.org
• GEF projects database
• www.gefonline.org