The Jewish Question

1
The Jewish Question

• The Second Solution
• 1939-1941

2
The Jewish Question

• First Solution 1933-1938
• Second Solution 1939-1941
• Final Solution 1941-1945

3
Failure of the 1st solution

• Goal make German lands Jew-free
• Avenues of emigration cut off
• Evian Conference
• Start of WWII
• Inheritance of Eastern European Jews
• 3.3 million in Poland alone

4
(No Transcript)
5
A temporary solution

• Move all the Jews East
• Create ghettos in the larger cities
• Establish Judenrat
• Use forced labor, starvation and disease
• Kill off as many as possible

6
Eviction

• All Jews in Western Poland are sent east
• Only allowed to take one small suitcase
• All property was immediately turned over to the
  Germans (Aryanization)
• Ghettos are sealed
• Jews from all Nazi occupied lands are sent east.

7
Madagascar??

• Jewish reservation outside of Lublin
• Area too small
• Overcrowded and disease ridden
• A Jewish state of the coast of Africa
• Occupied by the French
• Complicated plan

8
Ghettos

• All ghettos are in the east
• Designed for the short term
• Starved, froze or worked to death
• No sanitation died of disease
• Warsaw was the largest
• Nearly 500,000 Jews in an area just more then 1
  square mile

9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
Warsaw Ghetto

• No room for all the people
• Disease rampant
• Winters were harsh
• gt 70,000 people died of the conditions
• http//www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/maps/map
  s.php

13
(No Transcript)
14
280 calories
280 calories- 2oz
150 calories
Total calories- 710
3.9 x the daily calories in the ghetto
15
Big Mac- 560 Large fries- 520 Large coke- 310
Total calories- 1390
7.6 x the daily calories in the ghetto
16
Life in the ghetto
Adam Czerniakow
Janus Korczak
Dr. Emmanuel Ringelblum
Mordecai Anielewicz
17
Resistance in the ghetto

• Public soup kitchens
• Underground schools
• Underground hospitals
• Underground newspapers
• Hidden diaries
• Religious services and holidays
• Music and theater

18
(No Transcript)
19
Smuggling

• Mainly children
• Extremely dangerous

20
Judenrat

• Did Nazis dirty work in the ghettos
• Directed Jewish police
• Collaborators or heroes?
• Select deportees for the death camps
• http//www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/index.php?langenModu
  leId10005265

21
(No Transcript)
22
Armed Resistance

• Led by teenagers and young adults
• Smuggled and stole weapons
• Held out against Nazis longer then the Polish
  army
• Nothing to lose
• Considered a victory

23
(No Transcript)