PROGRESS IN DECENTRALISATION REFORMS

1
PROGRESS IN DECENTRALISATION REFORMS

• MUSONI Protais Minister of Local Government,
  Good Governance, Community Development and Social
  Affairs

2
AREAS TO BE COVERED

• Introduction
• 1st phase achievements
• Challenges after 1st phase
• Reform
• Framework for decentralised accountability
• Fiscal decentralisation
• Impacts
• Way forward

3
INTRODUCTION

• Policy and Implementation Strategy adopted in
  2000
• Evaluations 2003, 2004, 2005 leading to the
  reform
• Reform in 2006
• Development RDSF long term framework

4
1st PHASE ACHIEVEMENTS

• Institutionalisation of Local Governance
• Fiscal Decentralisation mechanisms LGBSF, CDF,
  Devolved taxes, UBUDEHE
• Bottom-up, participatory planning and budgeting
  using CDCs, DDPs,
• Pilots in contract performance in health and
  education
• Conflict resolution mechanisms Gacaca, abunzi,
  injustice combating committees (komite zica
  akarengane)
• Piloting citizen report card
• Decentralised service delivery work in Rwanda
  tool developed

5
CHALLENGES AFTER 1ST PHASE

• Evaluations showed
• Low fiscal potential for LGs
• Weak fiscal potential and revenues
• Poor service delivery
• Weak Institutional coordination
• Un-coordinated and unharmonised financial support
  (GoR, Donors)

6
REFORM TO CORRECT WEAKNESSES

• Restructuring to strengthen financial base
• Clarification of roles and responsibilities
  deepening decentralisation
• Reviewing fiscal decentralisation policy
• Strengthening oversight function of council
• Strengthening human resource base (recruitment,
  requirement and retention)
• Institutionalising public accountability
  mechanisms

7
FRAMEWORK FOR DECENTRALISED ACCOUNTABILITY
NATIONAL POLICY MAKERS

• IMIHIGO
• Inspection
• Audit

voice
Local Gov Policy Makers
Contractual performance approach (health,
education, tender procedures, JAF
IMIHIGO, CDC

• Financial (taxes, contribution fees)
• oversight (Mituel, PTA, education funds, water
  committees)

Service providers (pub , Private, civil)
Citizens
Citizen/ client power
8
VOICE

• Elections, opinion surveys, public
  accountability, Town Hall meetings, public
  meetings, CRC, CSC, Annual National Dialogue
  meeting, QA Radio and TV programmes
• Monthly UMUDUGUDU meetings, social audits,
  participatory programme UBUDEHE, ABUNZI, service
  satisfaction surveys, IMIHIGO, CDC

9
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
up
DISTRICT COUNCIL
Decision making
Top
I M P L E M E N T A T I O N
JAF
EXECUTIVE COMMUTEES
CDC at district
Women/Youth committee
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Women/Youth committee
CDC at sector
SECTOR
CDC at cell
Women/Youth committee
CELL EXEC SECRETARY
Needs
Satisfactions/dissatisfaction
Umudugudu/Population /Monthly meetings/UBUDEHE/
Down
Bottom
10
IMIHIGO MONITORING REGIME
Future of IMIHIGO
11
FUTURE IMIHIGO

• 2006
• Spontaneous
• Self evaluation
• Independant
• 2007
• Umudugudu Community welfare and social cohesion
• Cell Data
• Sector Service provision
• District Local development

12
FISCAL DECENTRALISATION

• Principles
• Mechanisms

13
FISCAL DECENTRALISATION PRINCIPLES

• Matching funding to responsibilities
• Equity
• Transparency
• Accountability
• Performance
• Incentives and enforcement
• Distribution formula for LGBSF and CDF

14
FISCAL DECENTRALISATION MECHANISMS

• LGBSF (5)
• Earmarked (sectoral)
• Equalisation
• CDF
• National systems
• UBUDEHE

15
MECANISME DE FINANCEMENT DU CDF ET LES ROLES DES
PARTENAIRES
Bailleurs de fonds
Gouvernement Rwandais
G.R Bailleur Financement et contrôle
Après accord avec le Gvt sur un projet approuvé
par le CEPEX
CDF - BNR
CDF Orientation, Répartition, Suivi ,
Pilotage, Rapports
Cfr Loi portant création, org. Et fonct. Du CDF
Compte  Fonctionnement
COMPTES DE DEVELOPPEMENT
Compte Gvt Rwa
Compte Bailleur 1
Compte Bailleur 2
Compte Programme x
Compte UBUDEHE
PROVINCE Harmonisation, Coordination, Suivi,
joint action
Dictrict
District
District
District
District
District
Gouvernement Local Formulation, approbation,
Mise en uvre, Rapports, Joint action
S/C Bailleur n
S/C Bailleur 2
S/C Bailleur 1
S/C G.R
Lot de projets
Lot de projets
Lot de projets
Lot de projets
Lot de projets
Community Planning, Execution, social control
UMUDUGUDU Community Projects
16
IMPACT TO EXECUTION AFTER REFORM AND IMIHIGO
PROCESS

• Sharp increase in projects implementation
• CDF
• PDRCIU

17
IMPACT OF REFORM ON CDF DISTRICT TRANSFERS (2004
2006)
18
EXPENDITURE STATEMENT BY YEARS
19
IMPACT OF UBUDEHE

• SELF GOVERNANCE
• PARTICIPATORY PLANNING
• ENTERPRENEURSHIP AND INVESTMENT MULTIPLIER
• BASELINE DATA

20
UBUDEHE RULINDO CELL

• Given 700.000 Frw
• Now
• Boat services 40.000 Frw/week
• Milling machine 520.000 Frw monthly
• Employment creating 5 people permanent working
• Education fund and Mutuelle de santé

21
WAY FORWAD

• Development of RDSF/DIP to address the following
  challenges
• Weak institutional capacities and weak
  institutional coordination
• Inadequate funding mechanisms and low financial
  capacities
• Poor services
• Uncoordinated and unharmonized financial support
• Solicite support to Implement the DIP
• Institutional set up and strengthening (NDIOS,
  MINALOC, CDF, RALGA, CDC, Steering committee)
• Development of Local Government system management
  manuals
• Basket Fund for Capacity Building at local levels
• Communication Strategy
• Rolling out CRC, CSC
• Developing policy and legal framework for
  enhancement of Voice mechanisms