HST 315: Military History of the United States

1
HST 315 Military History of the United States

• The Civil War

2
Leadership

• Commander in chief
• Lincoln
• Davis

3
Leadership

• Top US generals
• Scott
• McClellan
• Halleck
• Grant
• Sherman

• Top CS generals
• Beauregard
• J.E. Johnston
• A.S. Johnston
• Bragg
• Lee

4
Management USA

• Lincoln as commander-in-chief
• Sec. of the Navy Gideon Welles
• The Navy Board
• Sec. of War Edwin Stanton
• The War Board
• QM Gen. Montgomery Meigs
• Chief of Mil. RR Herman Haupt

5
Management CSA

• Davis as commander-in-chief
• Kaleidoscope cabinet
• State rights v. central authority
• Failures
• Commissary
• Railroads

6
Management CSA

• Successes
• James Seddon, Sec. of War, 1862-1865
• Stephen Mallory, Sec. of Navy
• Josiah Gorgas, Ordnance Bureau
• M.F. Murray, oceanographer

• George W. Rains, Augusta Power Works
• Clothing factories
• Chimbarazo hospital
• Government girls

7
Management Personnel

• Regulars
• Militia
• Volunteers
• Conscription

8
Politics Society

• The role of African Americans
• Navy
• Contrabands
• Segregated service
• USCT
• Confederate debate over arming slaves

• The role of women
• Christian Commission
• Sanitary Commission
• Ladies aid societies
• Nursing
• Government girls

9
Technology

• Rail, telegraphs steam

10
Technology

• Small arms
• Percussion cap
• minie ball

11
Technology

• Small arms
• Breech-loaders
• Brass cartridges
• Repeaters

• Spencer carbine

12
Technology

• Artillery forts

13
Technology

• Naval technology
• Steam power
• Ironclads
• Submarines

14
Strategy Tactics

• 1861 Union defeats, but the border states
  secured
• July First Manassas (Bull Run)
• Aug. Wilsons Creek

15
Geography
16
Strategy Tactics

• 1862 Stalemate in the East
• On to Richmond
• Lees offensive-defensive strategy
• July Seven Days
• Aug. Second Manassas
• Sept. Antietam Creek (Sharpsburg)
• Dec Fredericksburg
• Union failure to exploit water network

17
Strategy Tactics

• 1862 Union victories in the West
• Exploiting rivers and railways
• Conquering territory
• Feb. Forts Henry Donelson
• April Shiloh New Orleans
• Oct. Perryville
• Dec. Stones River

18
Strategy Tactics

• 1863 Lees strategy continued in the East
• May Chancellorsville
• July Gettysburg
• Did Lee psychologically dominate his enemies?
• Cost of Lees strategy

19
Strategy Tactics

• 1863 Union progress in the West
• July Vicksburg
• Sept. Chickamauga
• Nov. Chattanooga
• Cumulative impact of failures on the Confederacy
• Inability to regain lost territory

20
Strategy Tactics

• 1864 Grant takes command in the East
• The Overland Campaign
• Siege of Petersburg
• Impact of politics on Grants campaign

21
Strategy Tactics

• 1864 Sherman, Atlanta Beyond
• Battles for Atlanta
• Change to strategy of exhaustion
• March to the Sea
• Hoods Nashville campaign

22
Strategy Tactics

• Trans-Mississippi overview, 1862-1865
• Campaigns for Arkansas and Louisiana
• Raiding strategy
• Marmaduke, Shelby Price
• Guerrilla warfare

23
Strategy Tactics

• 1865 Collapse of the Confederacy
• Lees surrender in Va.
• Joe Johnstons surrender in NC
• Kirby Smith surrenders the Trans-Mississippi