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Built Environment Sustainability Lecture 14

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Implementation of sustainable construction in buildings ... LEED-NC 2.1 New Construction. LEED-EB Existing Buildings. LEED-CI Commercial Interiors ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Built Environment Sustainability Lecture 14


1
Built Environment SustainabilityLecture 14
2
Overview
  • Forces propelling change
  • Introduction to high performance buildings
  • The USGBC LEED Building Assessment Standard
  • Connection of technology and high performance
    green buildings
  • Key energy technologies
  • Building hydrologic cycle systems
  • Materials innovations
  • Indoor environmental quality strategies
  • Design for Deconstruction and Disassembly (DfDD)
  • Summary and Conclusions

3
General Global Impacts
  • Rainforest loss 1 acre/second
  • Temperate forest loss 10 million acres/yr
  • 50 of all forests have disappeared
  • Grain production is falling
  • Over 24 billion tons of topsoil are lost annually
  • Fisheries are being depleted
  • Humankind is transforming the surface of the
    Earth, moving 2x as much material as nature
  • Global warming
  • Ozone depletion

4
The 6th Major Extinction?
  • Fossil record indicates 5 major planetary
    extinctions
  • Ordovician 440 million years ago
  • Devonian 365 million years ago
  • Permian 245 million years ago
  • Triassic 210 million years ago
  • Cretaceous 66 million years ago
  • Is the 6th major planetary extinction underway?
  • And is it human instigated?

5
The Oil Production Rollover Point
  • Time when the maximum production of oil occurs.
  • General forecasts are in next 5-15 years
  • Gasoline prices will rise rapidly 10/gallon
  • Energy value of oil will be less than extraction
    energy
  • Huge emerging demand from growing economies
    China and India

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The Built Environment
  • Comprised of
  • Public and commercial buildings
  • Houses
  • Industrial plants
  • Infrastructure (roads, ports, airports)
  • Impacts (in U.S.)
  • 40 of extracted materials
  • 30 of electricity
  • 35 of total waste (construction demolition)

9
Sustainable Construction
  • Creating and maintaining a healthy,
    resource-efficient built environment based on
    ecological principles (CIB TG16, 1994)
  • Principles and foundation
  • Targets Factor 4 and Factor 10
  • Timeline Seven generations or 200 years
  • All phases of the built environment

10
Systems underpinning sustainable construction
phases
11
High Performance Green Buildings
  • Implementation of sustainable construction in
    buildings
  • Shift in language High performance vs. green
  • Resource efficient water, energy, materials,
    land, biota
  • Factor 10 Reduction 292 kwhr/m2-yr to 29
    kwhr/m2-yr
  • LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental
    Design) is the U.S. green or high performance
    building standard
  • U.S. Green Building Council is the proponent of
    LEED

12
International Organizations
  • iiSBE International Institute for a Sustainable
    Built Environment
  • CIB Conseil Internaional du Batiment
  • Green Building Challenge (GBC)

13
National Standards
  • UK Building Research Establishment Environmental
    Assessment Method (BREEAM) Building Research
    Establishment (BRE)
  • Japan CASBEE
  • Australia Green Star Green Building Council of
    Australia
  • U.S. Leadership in Energy and Environmental
    Design (LEED) U.S. Green Building Council
    (USGBC)

14
The U.S. Green Building Council
  • A non-profit promoting green building in the U.S.
  • Members product manufacturers, academia,
    designers, local government, federal government
  • Creating a suite of LEED standards for new and
    existing buildings
  • http//www.usgbc.org

15
The USGBC LEED Suite of Standards
  • LEED is a suite of standards
  • LEED-NC 2.1 New Construction
  • LEED-EB Existing Buildings
  • LEED-CI Commercial Interiors
  • LEED-CS Core and Shell
  • LEED-Residential (under development)
  • LEED-NC 2.1 Point System (69 Total Points)
  • Certified 26 points
  • Silver 33 points
  • Gold 39 points
  • Platinum 52 points
  • Created to assess buildings but actually serves
    to guide design and construction

16
Growth of Green Building Activity, USGBC
17
Rinker Hall as a HPB
  • Designed using the LEED Standard, first gold
    building in Florida
  • Will use 1/3 rd the energy of a UF building
    designed to code
  • Extensive daylighting strategy
  • Energy shedding building façade wall as shading
    device
  • Automatic lighting controls on/off, throttling
  • Stacked air handlers, full 0 to 100 capability
  • Waste heat recovery system
  • Advanced building automation system

18
Rinker Hall (continued)
  • Materials
  • Brick recycled from Hume Hall (demolished 2001)
  • Recycled asphalt paving and lime rock
  • Linoleum and recycled content carpet flooring
  • Designed for Deconstruction
  • Rainwater harvesting, waterless urinals, low flow
    fixtures
  • Capability for deconstruction

19
Rinker Hall
20
Rainwater Harvesting System
21
Skylights and Roof
22
Benefits of Green Buildings
  • Lower operating costs energy, water, waste
  • Health implications
  • Workforce productivity
  • Marketplace comparability
  • Advantageous financing and incentives
  • Reductions in emissions
  • Reduced liability
  • Positive image

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More on Workforce Benefits
  • Cost of building 22/ft2
  • Energy costs 2/ft2
  • Cost of employees
  • 140 to 350/ft2
  • 10 productivity boost 14 to 35/ft2 added to
    bottom line
  • Problem very difficult to prove the connection
    between health, green buildings, and productivity

26
Technology and the HPB
  • HPB hold the promise for reduced total building
    cost and lowered environmental impacts
  • Both hard and soft technologies are needed to
    execute a HPB
  • Hard products and materials
  • Soft processes, methods, simulations
  • Surge of new products to support HPB design and
    construction
  • Movement in this direction is accelerating

27
Key Energy Technologies
  • Ground coupling
  • Heat Pumping
  • Energy removal ventilators
  • Radiant cooling
  • CO2 sensors
  • Positive Displacement Ventilation
  • Daylight and occupancy sensor integration
  • Lights sodium and LED

28
Radiant Cooling Thermal Image
29
Radiant Cooling - Examples
30
Radiant Cooling-Examples
31
Energy Recovery Ventilator
32
Building Hydrologic Cycle Systems
  • Rainwater harvesting
  • Ultra low flow fixtures
  • Greywater systems
  • Waterless systems
  • Integration of natural systems for stormwater
    uptake and waste processing
  • Infrared control technologies

33
Rainwater Harvesting
  • Roof drains
  • Rainwater leaders
  • Concrete cistern -under exterior stair
  • Waterproofing inside out
  • Overflow lines to storm system
  • Hatch access for cleaning
  • Make-up from water line

34
Waterless Urinals
35
Materials Innovations
  • Low emissions materials
  • Use of post-industrial waste in materials fly
    ash, gypsum
  • Use of post-agricultural waste straw
  • Products from rapidly renewing species bamboo,
    aspen
  • Buildings that can be deconstructed
  • Products that can be disassembled, reused, and
    recycled
  • Sustainable Forestry

36
Fly Ash Concrete Marina City, Chicago
37
Deconstruction and Reuse U. of Florida
  • Brick (right)
  • Hume Hall demolition
  • Cleaned palletized by Students
  • Stored for use
  • Irrigation PVC for brick weeps

38
Rapidly Renewable Material, Certified Wood
  • Linoleum flooring
  • Wood doors from certified sustainable forest
  • Agriboard (pressed straw) cabinetry

39
Indoor Environmental Quality Strategies
  • Broad spectrum approach air, odors, noise,
    light, temperature, humidity, vibration, views
  • Low emissions materials
  • CO2 sensors

40
IEQ Daylighting Strategy
41
CO2 Sensor Fresh Air Intake Control
42
Construction IAQ
  • Eliminate dust, dirt at ductwork
  • Store products off floor (drywall, insulation)
  • 100 outside air flush prior to occupancy
  • No smoking policy during construction

43
Construction IAQ
  • Return air filter media
  • Temporary window protection
  • Temporary entrance grates

44
Soft Technologies
  • Simulation
  • Whole Building Energy Simulation DOE 2.1,
    Energy-10, Energy Scheming
  • Solar Simulation DHW, PV, BPV
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
  • Daylighting and lighting
  • Process
  • Design for deconstruction (DfD)
  • Construction processes waste, IEQ, erosion
    control, site disturbance

45
Closing Materials Loops
  • Most challenging of all green building issues
  • Design for Deconstruction and Disassembly (DfDD)
  • Building Deconstruction component reuse
  • Product Disassembly materials recovery
  • Materials Recyclability
  • Coupled with Extended Producer Responsibility
    (EPR)?
  • CIB Task Group 39 (Deconstruction)
  • www.cce.ufl.edu

46
Source Philip Crowther, TG39 Report,
2000 www.cce.ufl.edu
47
Deconstruction
48
Hume Hall Brick into Rinker Hall Wall
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Solenium Carpeting, Interface, Inc.
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Powell Center Efforts in HPB
  • Powell Center for Construction and Environment
    started in 1991
  • Expertise in HPB, construction and demolition
    waste, recycling and reuse of materials
  • Initiated international movements in sustainable
    construction, deconstruction, and construction
    ecology
  • Acted as consultants for HPB projects Summer
    House, Disney Wilderness Preserve, military
    projects, Abacoa, Alachua County Courthouse
  • Engage students in deconstruction projects since
    1997
  • Also started Greening UF and the UF
    Sustainability Task Force

57
Rethinking Sustainable Construction 2006
  • International conference to be held in Sarasota,
    11-14 September 2006
  • Second International Conference on Sustainable
    Construction
  • Focus is on radical or future green buildings
  • http//www.treeo.ufl.edu/rsc06

58
Summary and Conclusions
  • Green buildings meet the goals of resource
    efficiency and protecting the enviornment
  • Energy savings average 30, translating into
    relatively short payback times
  • Additional savings in water, waste, emissions
  • Health and productivity impacts are probably
    substantial but there are no rigorous studies
  • Green buildings provide immediate financial
    advantage to their owners
  • New products and services entering marketplace
  • Key element changing the education and training
    of future professionals
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