European Exploration and Colonization

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European Exploration and Colonization
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Spanish, French and Dutch Colonization Review
Power Point
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Early Travelers and the Portuguese
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Ibn Battuta

• Between 1325 and 1355 I traveled 73,000 miles
  throughout the Muslim world.
• My travels were published and later read by men
  like Columbus

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Marco Polo

• I traveled to China between 1271 and 1295 and met
  the Great Khan.
• When my tales were told I was called the Prince
  of Liars

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Mansa Musa

• I was the King of Mali.
• In 1324 I made a pilgrimage to Mecca and brought
  so much gold with me that the value of gold
  declined.

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Zheng He

• Between 1405 and 1433 I made 7 voyages to show
  off Chinese culture

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Prince Henry

• I was the leader of Portugal who started the
  School for Navigation
• I sent my sea captains down the west coast of
  Africa looking for an all water route to Asia

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Bartholomeu Dias

• I sailed for Portugal.
• In 1487 and 1488 I found the southern tip of
  Africa called the Cape of Good Hope.

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Vasco da Gama

• I sailed for Portugal.
• In 1497 and 1498 I sailed to India and back
  finding an all water route to the Indies .

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Pedro Cabral

• I sailed for Portugal.
• Around 1500 I discovered Brazil, the only area in
  the New World claimed by Portugal.

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Leif Ericson

• Around the year 1000, I sighted land that was
  later named Newfoundland.
• I was a Viking.

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Johannes Gutenberg

• In 1455 I printed the Bible using movable type.
• This began the process of making knowledge
  cheaper and available to more people.
• Because of this I was chosen the most important
  person in the last millennium.

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Martin Luther

• I was a Catholic priest.
• In 1517 I called for reforms in the Catholic
  Church.
• This started the Protestant Reformation.
• I am the 3rd most important person in the last
  millennium.

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Spanish

• Rulers, Explorers
• and
• Conquistadors

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Queen Isabella

• I am the 117th most important person in the last
  millennium. King Ferdinand and I provided
  Columbus with the three ships that he used to
  sail westward in 1492

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Christopher Columbus

• Between 1492 and 1503 I made four voyages to the
  New World.
• I discovered the West Indies, established the
  first Spanish colony in the New World and was
  named Admiral of the Ocean Seas
• I am the 2nd most important person in the last
  millennium

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Amerigo Vespucci

• After exploring the northern and eastern coasts
  of South America in 1499 and 1500, I wrote a
  letter claiming that this land was not Asia.
• My name ended up on many maps.

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Ponce de Leon

• In 1513 I discovered Florida while searching for
  the Fountain of Youth

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Vasco Nunez de Balboa

• In 1513 I crossed the Isthmus of Panama and
  discovered the Pacific Ocean but I called it the
  South Sea.

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Ferdinand Magellan

• My expedition, between 1519 and 1522, went around
  the world and proved it was round.
• I am the 42nd most important person in the last
  millennium.

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Hernando Cortes

• I am the Spanish conquistador who conquered and
  destroyed the Aztec Empire in Mexico between 1519
  and 1521.
• I am the 150th most important person in the last
  millennium

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Moctezuma

• I was the leader of the Aztec Empire when Cortes
  arrived in 1519.

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Francisco Pizarro

• I am the Spanish conquistador who conquered and
  destroyed the Inca Empire in Peru between 1532
  and 1535.
• I am the 858th most important person in the last
  millennium.

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Atahualpa

• I was the leader of the Inca Empire when Pizarro
  arrived in 1532.

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Hernando de Soto

• Between 1539 and 1542 I led an expedition that
  explored what is now the Southeastern United
  States looking for gold.
• I didnt find gold but discovered the
  Mississippi River which became my grave.

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Francisco Coronado

• Between 1540 and 1547 I led an expedition that
  explored what is now the southwestern United
  States looking for the Seven Cities of Gold.
• I didnt find gold but saw the Grand Canyon

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King Charles V

• I am the Spanish King who organized New Spain and
  Peru in 1535 and appointed the first Viceroys

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Bartolome de Las Casas

• I was the Spanish priest who worked to improve
  the life of the Native Americans but contributed
  to African slavery in the New World

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King Philip II

• I was the Spanish ruler who, angered by the
  activities of the English Sea Dogs, sent the
  Armada to punish England in 1588.
• I am the 427th most important person in the last
  millennium.

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English, French and Dutch

• Rulers and Explorers

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John Cabot

• I explored at the same time as Christopher
  Columbus. In 1497 and 1498 I explored the
  eastern coast of North America but thought it was
  Asia.
• England claimed this land based on my voyages.
• I never returned from the second voyage.

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Verrazano

• I explored for France and was the first explorer
  to look for a Northwest Passage in 1524.
• I entered what is now New York harbor and was
  later eaten by natives in the West Indies.

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Jacques Cartier

• In 1534 and 1535 I discovered and explored the
  St. Lawrence River for France.
• I was looking for the Northwest Passage.

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Francis Drake

• Between 1577 and 1580 I made the second voyage
  around the world.
• My voyage angered the Spanish because I wasnt
  treated as a pirate.
• I helped defeat the Spanish Armada.
• I am the 257th most important person in the last
  millennium

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Queen Elizabeth I

• As ruler of England I supported the Sea Dogs.
• This really angered the Spanish and led them to
  send the Spanish Armada against us.
• I am the 31st most important person in the last
  millennium.

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Samuel de Champlain

• I am called the Father of New France.
• In 1608 I established Quebec, the first permanent
  French settlement in the New World.
• I started the fur trade and established good
  relations with the Native Americans

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Marquette and Joliet

• In 1673 we set out to investigate the Father of
  Waters thinking it might be a strait to Asia.
• We explored the river from the Great Lakes to the
  Arkansas River.
• One of us was a fur trader and the other a priest.

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La Salle

• I am a Frenchman. In 1682 I sailed to the mouth
  of the Mississippi River and called the entire
  area Louisiana after King Louis XIV.

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King Louis XIV

• I was the French King who started the Filles du
  Roi.
• La Salle named Louisiana after me.
• I am called the Sun King

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Jean Talon

• I was the first in Intendant of New France.
• I was the chief business officer of the colony.
• I helped start the Seigneural System and the
  Filles du Roi

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Henry Hudson

• I explored for two countries.
• For Holland I claimed a river in 1609.
• For England I claimed a bay in 1610.
• I died in the bay.

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Adrian Block and Cornelius May

• I discovered the Connecticut River in 1614.
• I discovered the Delaware River in 1614.

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Peter Minuit

• I was the First Director General (
  Governor ) of New Netherlands.
• I bought Manhattan Island from the Native
  Americans.

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Peter Stuyvesant

• I was the last Director General ( Governor ) of
  New Netherlands.
• I had a wooden leg and was governor fro 17 years.

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James, the Duke of York and Albany

• I sent a fleet to conquer New Netherlands in
  1664.
• I divided New Netherlands into three English
  colonies New York, New Jersey and Delaware.

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Da Gama and Diaz
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Columbus

• Sailed west to Indies
• Landed on the Bahamas
• Sailed for Spain (King Ferdinand and Queen
  Isabella

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Crossing the Atlantic
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Columbian Exchange
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Quick Quiz

• 1. Why did Columbus set sail?
• 2. What were the main motivations for
  exploration?
• 3. What were most Native Americans killed by?
• 4. What was the Columbian Exchange? What effect
  did it have in America and Europe?

• To find a western route to India
• Gold (get rich), Glory (get fame), and God
  (proselytize Christianity)
• European diseases (1 killersmallpox)
• -exchange of goods between America and Europe
• -changed the lifestyles of Europeans and Native
  Americans.

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Quick Quiz

• C. Cash crops grown in Americas/Caribbean
• R. Raced based slavery (Africans)
• O. 0h, cash crops sugar, tobacco, coffee,
  and cotton
• P. Plantation system grows cash crops
• S. Slaves brought over on Middle Passage
• Used Plantations and slave labor
• --Sugar
• --Used to make molasses and rum

• 5. What were the effects of the Columbian
  Exchange?
• 6. How were cash crops grown?
• 7. What was the main cash crop grown in the
  Caribbean islands? What was it used to make?

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Magellan

• Searched for passage to Pacific Ocean
• Sailed through straits of Magellan
• Died in Philippines
• Crew lst to circumnavigate the world

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Magellans Route
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Cabot

• Sailed for England
• Landed on coast of New-foundland
• Gave England claim to North America

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Ponce de Leon

• 1st to land on the mainland of North America
• Looking for fountain of youth
• Established St. Augustine, Florida

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De Soto

• Sailed for Spain
• Explored Mississippi River Present-day Oklahoma

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Coronado

• Looking for fabled seven cities of gold
• Explored present-day Arizona and New Mexico

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Cortes

• Spanish Conquistador
• Conquered Aztec emperor Montezuma

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Balboa

• Spanish Explorer
• Claimed Pacific Ocean and adjoining lands for
  Spain

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Pizzaro

• Conquered the Inca Empire

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Vespucci

• Amerigo Vespucci
• America was named after him

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Marco Polos Route to and from China
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Technology of the Age of Exploration

• Stern-post rudder
• Lateen and square sails in combination
• Compass
• Discovery of Trade Winds

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Spain Vs Portugal
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Colonies in the Americas