PERSONALITY

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PERSONALITY

• It is the deeply ingrained pattern of behaviour
  of an individual
• It is the entire mental organization of a
  human being at any stage of his development. It
  embraces every phase of human character,
  Intellect, skill, temperament, morality etc

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• CHARACTERSTICS OF PERSONALITY
• 1. It is consistent and well organised
• 2. It causes the behavioural patterns
• 3. It is displayed through thoughts, feelings,
  behaviours which are unique to an individual

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MAIN THEORIES OF PERSONALITY

• 1.Type and Trait theories
• 2.Psycho dynamic theories
• 3.Behavioural theories
• 4.Humanist theories
• 5.Bio psychological theories

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TYPE AND TRAIT THEORIES

• A TYPE is a class of individuals said to share a
  common collection of Characteristics.
• Types of personalities according to HIPPOCRATES
• 1.Sanguine
• 2.Melancholic
• 3.Choleric
• 4.Phelegmatic

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TYPE A AND TYPE B BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS

• It was first proposed in 1950 by MEYER FRIEDMAN
  and his co workers
• TYPE A
• Intense, hard driving ,competitive, hurried
• They live under constant pressure
• They are always engaged in multiple activities
• TYPE B
• Easy going, placid, relaxed and less competitive
• The manage the stress better
• APPLICATION
• Type A persons are more tend to coronary heart
  diseases and heart attacks

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TRAIT THEORIES

• Traits are the most prominent aspects of an
  individuals personality
• QUALITIES OF TRAITS
• 1.They are stable
• 2.They differ among individuals
• 3.They influence the behaviour
• DIFFERENT CONCEPTS
• GORDEN ALPORTClassified traits into
• 1.Cardinal traitsthe most dominent
• 2.Central traits --- characterizes individual
  personality but not in a compleate way as
  the former
• 3.secondary traits---Traits that are
  influential according to situations

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CATTELLS CONCEPT According to cattell there are
16 primary personality factors and 5 secondary
factors

• LEWIS GOLDBERG --- He gave five dimentional
  personality model nick named The Big Five
• 1.Extraversion outgoing friendly vs. quiet
• 2.neuroticism emotionally reactive ,prone to
  negative emotions vs .calm optimistic
• 3.Agreeableness - Friendly vs dominant and
  disagreeable
• 4.ConscientiousnessPlanfull orderly vs Un
  reliable,laid back
• 5.Openness to experience---Open to new ideas and
  changes vs routine oriented

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PSYCHO ANALYTICAL THEORIES These theories
explains human behaviour in terms of interaction
of various components of personality

• It was found by SIGMOND FREUD
• FREUD broke personality into id ,ego and super
  ego
• He also gave 5 psycho sexual stages of
  personality
• 1.ORAL STAGE Birth to 1yr
• 2.ANAL STAGE 1-3yrs
• 3.PHALLIC STAGE3-5yrs
• 4.LATENCY PERIOD6yrs -puberty
• 5.GENITAL STAGE Adolesence and beyond that

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• ALDERS CONCEPT
• Alder believed BIRTH ORDER influence the
  personality development
• JUNGS CONCEPT
• His personality theories mainly includes
  archytypes also concepts of introversion and
  extroversion
• KAREN HORNEY
• She developed the concept of REAL SELF
  and IDEAL SELF
• BEHAVIOURAL THEORIES
• These theories suggest that personality is
  a result of interaction between individual
  and the environment . and many of the behaviors
  that makes up personality are conditioned or
  learned.
• It was developed by BF SKINNER

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• HUMANISTIC THEORIES
• These theories explain personality as the SELF
  .Its main proponents were Abraham maslow and
  carl rogers
• BIO PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
• Latest studies has shown that prefrontal cortex
  and amygdala plays a major role in forming the
  personality

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PERSONALITY DISORDERS

• Personality disorder results when personality
  traits become abnormal
• TYPES
• 1.Paranoid
• 2.Schizod
• 3.Schizo typal
• 4.Antisocial
• 5.Histrionic
• 6.Narcissistic
• 7.Borderline
• 8.Anxious
• 9.Dependent
• 10.Obsessive-compulsive
• 11.Passive agressive