Issues in Population Development

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Chapter 7

• Issues in Population Development

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Demographic Transition and fertility
3
Demographic Transition family size factors

• Security in old age
• Infant and childhood mortality
• Helping hands
• Importance of education
• Status of women
• Availability of contraceptives

4
Demographic Transition poverty cycle
5
Development
Continued high fertility combined with modern
medicine has lead to increased populations and
demand for natural resources in developing
countries
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Development Goals
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Development World Bank

• Successes
• Increased GNPs
• Social Progress (literacy and education)

• Failures
• Lack of clean water and sanitation
• Environmental Degradation (power plants and
  ranching)
• Monetary Gaps (richer rich, poorer poor)
• Debt Crisis (interest payments)

8
Social Modernization

• Education
• Improving Health
• Family Planning
• Enhancing Income
• Improving Resource Management

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Social Modernization Education

• Basic literacy
• Education of women
• Distribution of educational materials

10
Social Modernization Health
Basic medicine and hygiene AIDS
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Social Modernization Family Planning

• Education regarding reproductive process and
  hazards
• Education regarding pre- and post-natal health
  care
• Education regarding high-risk pregnancies
• Provision of contraceptives and instruction on
  their use

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Social Modernization Enhancing Income

• Incorporation of money in to barter systems
• Microlending small, short-term loans to people,
  not governments

13
Social Modernization Resource Management

• Education on effective management
• Resource management ties back to reducing
  population size through all of the above
  approaches

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Social Modernization Social Development
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Cairo Conference 1994

• General income, natural resources
• Empowerment of Women
• Family
• Reproductive and Basic Health
• Education
• Migration
• International Cooperation

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Summary

• Demographic Transition fertility and income,
  family size factors
• Development goals and the World Bank
• Social Modernization education, health, family
  planning, income, resources
• Cairo Conference