1'Introduction to the Study of Cells

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1. Introduction to the Study of Cells
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Basic Properties of Cells (1)

• Highly complex and organized
• Have a genetic program and a means to use it
• Can reproduce/replicate
• Acquire and utilize energy

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Basic Properties of Cells (2)

• Carry out chemical reactions metabolism
• Engage in various mechanical activities
• Able to respond to stimuli
• May self-regulate

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Levels of Complexity and Organization
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells
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Levels of Complexity and Organization
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells
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Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells

• Features in common
• Plasma membranes similar
• Genes DNA using identical coding
• Similar transcription/translation (ribosomes)
• Metabolic pathways
• Glycolysis and TCA cycle
• Mechanism for inserting membrane proteins

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Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells

• Features of Eukaryotes not in Prokaryotes
• Nucleus in a complex envelope
• Complex chromosomes
• Complex organelles
• Complex cytoskeletal system
• Complex flagella and cilia
• Endocytosis / Phagocytosis
• Cell division incorporating mitotic spindle
• Two copies of each gene (diploidy)

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