[Project Name] Post-Mortem

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Programa ONUDI - LAC
Energy and Cleaner Production Branch
Reunión de Expertos ONUDI/GRULAC Programa
Estratégico Regional 15-17 Noviembre 2006 Sala
de Conferencias II, 7 piso, Edificio C, VIC,
Viena
Reunión de Expertos ONUDI/GRULAC Programa
Estratégico Regional 15-17 Noviembre 2006 Sala
de Conferencias II, 7 piso, Edificio C, VIC,
Viena
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Energy and Cleaner Production Branch

• Heinz Leuenberger
• 16.11.2006

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ENERGY AND CLEANER PRODUCTION BRANCH
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Renewable and Rural Energy
CONTEXT

• Access to energy is a prerequisite for
  sustainable development
• Renewable energy is a viable option for on / off
  grid electrification, industrial applications,
  and for enhancing energy security
• Linking rural energy with productive uses can
  create employment opportunities, raise income
  levels and improve quality of life in the rural
  areas.

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Current Focus

• Promoting rural energy for productive uses and
  linked social benefits
• Promoting renewable energy for rural
  electrification and industrial applications
• Enhancing access of the rural poor to affordable
  and sustainable energy services
• Supporting training and capacity building for
  manufacture, local assembly and maintenance of
  renewable energy technologies / systems
• Organizing global forum activities and providing
  strategic expert advice on renewable energy
  technologies and energy policy planning and
  institutional framework

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Current Focus

• Niche Areas
• Rural Energy for Productive Uses and Industrial
  Applications of Renewable Energy Technologies
• Technology transfer, Capacity building and
  Information dissemination in four RETs
• Bioenergy
• Small Hydro Power
• Solar Energy
• Wind Energy

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Biofuels value chain
Integrating research themes across the value
chain environmental and economic sustainability,
fuel standards and conformity assessment issues,
greenhouse gas balances, barriers to deployment,
etc.
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Renewable and Rural Energy Unit

• Some of the Ongoing RE Projects and Programmes
  are
• Small / Micro Hydro Power based power generation
  projects in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, China and
  India in Asia, and Zambia, Tanzania, Uganda,
  Nigeria, Ghana, Rwanda and Mali in Africa.
• Solar PV based projects in Maldives, India,
  Tanzania and Uganda.
• Biomass energy based projects in Cuba, Zambia,
  Cambodia, India and Sri-Lanka and Bio-diesel
  project in Croatia, and a regional project (under
  finalization) in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala
  and El Salvador
• Wind energy and solar based projects in Cuba,
  Maldives, Mozambique and India.
• South South Cooperation on SHP and Bioenergy
  projects and programmes at
• ICSHP Centre in China and Center of Excellence
  in Bioenergy at IISC, Bangalore.
• EGMs to promote renewable energy in the LAC and
  Africa regions
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Renewable and Rural Energy Unit

• Some of the Key Ongoing RE Projects and
  Programmes in the LAC Region
• Cuba Generation and delivery of renewable energy
  based modern energy services in Isla de la
  Juventud (16.5 Million with GEF Grant 5.6
  Million)
• Mexico Employment Opportunities for Youth
  through Renewable Energy Entrepreneurship
  Development ( 250,000)
• Regional RE Programme (under preparation covering
  Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala and El
  Salvador) Biomass Gasification Technologies for
  Productive Uses and Industrial Applications (
  500,000)
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Global Forum Activities

• Iberoamerican Ministerial Meeting
• Energy Security in Latin America Renewable
  Energy as a Viable Alternative
• (26-27 September 2006, Montevideo, Uruguay)
• The Meeting featured over 40 speakers and 300
  participants, with panel presentations and round
  tables.
• 14 Official Delegations attended the Ministerial
  Meeting
• Objectives
• To tackle the current energy situation in the
  region
• To establish long-term strategic targets and
  action plans to specifically promote renewable
  energy technologies for productive uses in LA.
• Outcomes
• A Ministerial Declaration, which encourages UNIDO
  to carry out the first steps for the creation of
  an Observatory on Renewable Energies for the
  Region of Latin America.
• An initial agreement on holding in Brazil next
  year a Global Renewable Energy Forum and a
  Technology Exhibition, to be organized by UNIDO
  and SEGIB, jointly with the Ministry of Mining
  and Energy of Brazil.

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Energy efficiency and climate change

• Activities
• Continuous optimization of industrial energy
  systems. (motors, boilers, pumps, compressors,
  fan systems etc).
• Industrial CDM/JI project development, (in all
  regions), Supporting CDM/JI public/private
  partnerships in energy efficiency, (Brazil, S
  Africa, Vietnam, Mexico), Introducing new energy
  efficient technologies in SME through CPC or the
  creation of new service providers, dedicated
  funds and policy reforms.
• Policy Support Promulgation of Energy Management
  Standards
•  Analysis Seminars/workshops on CDM/JI, baseline
  methodologies and technology transfer, linking
  CDM with the EU-ETS, CDM and Industrial
  Cogeneration, cooperation with IEA on
  quantification of potential energy and GHG
  savings.
• Incorporation of standards-based incentives
  addressing efficiency in industrial energy
  systems in IEA inputs to the G8 Plan of
  Action on Clean Energy and Climate Change.
  Progressive recognition by GEF, Climate Change
  negotiators, UNDP and UNEP of UNIDOs capability
  in industrial energy efficiency.
•  

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Potential Contributory Factors in CO2 Reduction,
2002-2030
Improvements in end-use efficiency contribute for
more than half of decrease in emissions, and
renewables use for 20
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The China Motor Systems Project
China being the emerging factory of the world is
consuming more and more energy Industrial
motors consume more than 600 billion kWh annually
in China. Motors 3-5 lower average efficiency
than US and Canada. Pump and Fans 8-10 lower
average efficiency Air quality continues to be a
major issue in China most industries use
electricity from coal-powered sources. Benefits S
avings of just 5-10 in motor system energy use
would result in 35-70 billion kWh by 2010 or
50-100 MMT of annual CO2 reduction.
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Vision

• Contribution to UNIDOs Corporate Strategy
• Diffusion of quality and productivity enhancing
  Environmentally Sound Technologies (ESTs) and
• Market access through the fulfillment of the
  requirements of the international markets thanks
  to UNIDOs holistic and sectoral CP approach and
  a combination of CP and related elements (CP and
  quality, EMS, health and safety, labor and other
  issues).

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UNIDOs CP approach

• UNIDOs CP sectoral and holistic approach focuses
  on the entire production cycle and aims at
  increasing the competitiveness and the productive
  capacity of industry in an increasing number of
  sectors through building national capacity,
  fostering dialogue between industry and
  government and enhancing investments to transfer
  and develop environmentally sound technologies.

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Objective of the UNIDO Cleaner Production
Programme

• UNIDOs CP Programme aims at increasing the
  competitiveness and the productive capacity of
  industry, especially SMEs, through the
  implementation of Cleaner Production and the
  application, adaptation and diffusion of
  Environmentally Sound Technologies, which
  contribute to improve the quality and
  productivity of companies.
• Cleaner Production is the continuous application
  of an integrated environmental preventive
  strategy to products, processes and services to
  increase overall efficiency and reduce risks to
  humans and the environment.
• This includes the efficient use of raw materials,
  water and energy to allow cost reduction and
  productivity increase for industry, resulting in
  a win-win situation in economic and environmental
  terms.

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UNIDOs Cleaner Production Programme

• The UNIDO CP Programme was established in 1994
  and the results achieved include
• Establishment and operation of 35 National
  Cleaner Production Centres and Programmes in
  developing countries and countries in transition,
  out of which 7 in the Latin American region
  (Brazil, Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, El
  Salvador, Nicaragua and Cuba)
• Establishment of a Regional Cleaner Production
  Programme in Latin America, with 14 participating
  countries (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica,
  Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
  Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru)
• Within the framework of the Regional Programme,
  development of a Knowledge Management System.

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Activities of the CP Centres

• Since 1994, the UNIDO CP Programme established 35
  National Cleaner Production Centres and
  Programmes delivering the following services
• FIRST PHASE
• Awareness raising and information dissemination
• Training programmes for specific target groups
• Technical assistance at plant level (quick scans
  and in-plant assessments)
• CP policy advice
• SECOND PHASE
• Continuation of services of First Phase
• EST development and transfer and promotion of CP
  investment and business cooperation proposals
• Combination of CP with related services
  (Eco-design, LCA, CSR, EMS, MEA, quality
  assurance, Chemical leasing ...)

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Closing the loops strategy

• The Closing the loops or SIRM (Sustainable
  Industrial Resource Management) strategy was
  launched in November 2004.
• The main aims of the SIRM strategy are
• Reduction in the amount of the material and
  energy used, through greater efficiency in the
  use of the materials and the elimination or
  substitution of hazardous and toxic ones
• Implementation of circular material and energy
  flows in the entire production chain
• Two examples of implementation of the Closing
  the loops strategy in the Latin American region
• 1) Closing the loops project in Central America
  with the reutilization of whey for development of
  new products
• 2) Chemical Leasing project in Mexico.

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Objectives Regional Programme in Latin America

• Develop an efficient mechanism to facilitate the
  active cooperation, coordination and exchange of
  information and know-how between the CP Centres
  and Programmes applying Knowledge Management as
  an exchange tool.
• Define and implement joint CP project in priority
  sectors for the region and promote the
  development and transfer of best practices among
  the participating countries.
• Promote the incorporation of new members to the
  Regional Network and stimulate the demand of the
  industrial and governmental sector for Cleaner
  Production.

Mexico
Cuba
Honduras
Guatemala
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Costa Rica
Panama
Colombia
Ecuador
Brazil
Peru
Bolivia
Paraguay
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Knowledge Management System

• Information on the National Focal Points and
  their specific set-up and services
• Activities and events planned at national,
  regional and international level
• Technical documents and trainings on CP, EST and
  Closing-the-Loops mainly developed by the
  National Focal Points
• Forum on specific topics selected by the users
• Information on CP and EST consultants active in
  the region.

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Knowledge Management System

• Statistics of the Knowledge Management System
• Number of users of the platform 390
• Number of documents uploaded 520
• Number of international experts
• validating documents 34

http//www.cp-latin-unido.net
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Water management Unit Activities
Assist Governments and the Productive Sectors
To increase water productivity by means of
reducing water withdrawals and increasing water
reuse and recycling, and to minimize water and
pollution discharges through the application of
the UNIDO transfer of environmentally sound
technologies (TEST) methodology.
To focus on the ecosystem approach in the
management and sustainable use of the resources
of river basins, coastal and marine areas,
including large marine ecosystems.
To introduce technologies and policy reforms to
minimize the use and discharge of mercury in
small-scale mining operations.
To provide adequate quality drinking water
through the introduction of technologies to
remove metals, organic and toxic substances from
water supply sources.
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Water management
UNIDO Methodology for the Transfer of
Environmentally Sound Technologies
(TEST) Objectives
National Level To build capacities in existing
national institutions to apply the TEST
integrated approach at enterprise
level Enterprise Level To bring selected pilot
enterprises into compliance with national and
international environmental norms and directives.
Impacts to date
Applied to 14 enterprises in the Danube River
Basin - Reduction of water consumption 8-89
of initial value - Reduction of wastewater
discharge to water bodies 12,452,667 m3/year -
Average decrease of production costs 14 -
Increased product quality - Average IRR of
investment costs 28 - All participating
enterprises certified ISO 14001 and 14004
Approved and Funded Future Application 4
countries in the Mediterranean Basin
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Water management
Introducing Cleaner Artisanal Gold Mining and
Extraction Technologies
Objectives
Identify project demonstration sites and organize
training in technology and raising awareness of
miners, Governments, NGOs and the general public.
Assess the environmental (mercury) pollution and
devise intervention measures.
Establish a databank of technological requirement
relevant to artisanal gold mining and extraction
activities.
Develop country specific policies and legislation
that will lead to implementable standards on the
application of mercury.
Impacts to date
10 Mining Communities and hundreds of miners and
their families, in 6 countries are now producing
MORE gold, with LESS mercury, and BETTER health
Second Phase in preparation to cover over 30
countries, with estimated budget of US40,000,000
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Water management
LMEs ARE GLOBAL CENTERS OF EFFORTS TO

• RESTORE damaged habitats
• (Coral reefs, mangroves, sea grasses)
• RECOVER depleted fishery stocks
• REDUCE coastal pollution

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Water management
UNIDO Marine Ecosystem work in Africa and the
Americas
Objectives
Enhance sustainable management of Large Marine
Ecosystem resources, through
- Integrated Coastal Area Management and Land
Degradation - Industrial Fisheries Management
Restoration of Stocks - Management of
Contaminants from Industrial and Human Activities
Impacts to date
In The Americas The Humboldt Current LME Chile
and Peru The Gulf of Mexico LME Cuba, Mexico,
USA In Africa Guinea Current LME (16 West
African countries) In total, 28 Countries in The
Americas and Africa participating in fully
funded, on-going projects totaling US 36,000,000
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Thank you for your attention
Heinz Leuenberger Director Energy and Cleaner
Production Branch www.unido.org/cp e-mail
h.leuenberger_at_unido.org