THE RENAISSANCE

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THE RENAISSANCE

• 1485-1660
• Part I

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Began in Italy during the fourteenth century

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The Renaissance in EuropeLiterature

• Petrarch
• 1304-1374

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The Renaissance in EuropeLiterature

• Boccaccio
• 1313-1375

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The Renaissance in EuropePainting

• Giotto
• 1266?-1337?

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The Renaissance in EuropePainting

• Giotto
• St. Francis Giving His Cloak to a Poor Man

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The Renaissance in EuropePainting

• Giotto
• The Vision of the Thrones

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The Renaissance in EuropePainting

• Giotto
• Homage of a Simple Man

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The Renaissance in EuropeArchitecture

• Brunelleschi
• 1377?-1446

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The Renaissance in EuropeArchitecture

• Brunelleschi
• Brunelleschis Dome

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The Renaissance in EuropeArchitecture

• Brunelleschi
• Brunelleschis Dome

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The Renaissance in EuropeSculpture

• Donatello
• 1386-1466

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The Renaissance in EuropeSculpture

• Donatello
• Crucifix

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The Renaissance in EuropeSculpture

• Donatello
• David

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence
• established itself as a focal point of
  intellectual trends and artistic accomplishments

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Humanists
• began to emphasize the capacities of the human
  mind and the achievement of human culture
• in contrast to the medieval emphasis on God and
  contempt for the things of this world

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Lorenzo de Medici
• 1449-1492
• Most famous ruler of Florence
• Under his leadership, the goals of Renaissance
  Humanism were pursued with unrivaled intensity

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• 1452-1519

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• The Last Supper

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• Madonna and Child

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• Mona Lisa

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• The Virgin of the Rocks

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• 1475-1564

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• Creation of Adam

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• David

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• Fresco

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• Interior of the Sistine Chapel

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• The Separation of Light and Darkness

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• Virgin and Child

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Extended in England past the middle of the
  seventeenth century
• Renaissance means rebirth
• We can say that the Renaissance was the beginning
  of the modern world

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The Renaissance in England

• King Henry VII
• 1485-1509
• Established the Tudor dynasty
• Ruled the country for more than a century
• Provided stability and confidence necessary for
  sustained artistic achievement

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The Renaissance in England

• Henry VIII
• 1509-1547
• Saw himself as mainly a powerful political leader
• Wanted to be thought of as an enlightened
  Renaissance prince

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The Renaissance in England

• Sir Thomas More
• 1478-1535
• under Henry VIIIs rule, More became the center
  of the English Humanists
• Mores Utopia (1516) may be thought of as the
  first literary masterpiece of the English
  Renaissance.

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The Renaissance in England

• Also under Henry VIIIs rule, two gifted poets
  were writing poems based on their exploration of
  Italian models

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The Renaissance in England

• Sir Thomas Wyatt
• 1503-1542
• Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
• 1517?-1547

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Protestant Reformation

• Martin Luther (1517)
• Ninety-five Theses
• Declared his objections to certain long-standing
  abuses in the Church
• Specifically, indulgences
• Remission of part or all punishment that is due
  for sins

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Protestant Reformation

• England aligned itself with the Protestant revolt
  against the Pope and Rome
• No religious motive
• Rather, personal and political motives

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Protestant Reformation

• Henry VIII requested a divorce from his first
  wife, Catherine of Aragon, because she did not
  produce a male heir to the throne
• The Pope refused this request
• Henry VIII defied the Pope, remarried, and
  declared himself Supreme Head of the Church in
  England (also known as the Anglican Church)

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Protestant Reformation

• Consequences of Englands break with Rome and
  Catholicism
• England came to have a new and more independent
  national identity
• Sir Thomas More was imprisoned and executed when
  he opposed Henrys divorce and refused to swear
  oaths of allegiance to him as Supreme Head of the
  English church

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Protestant Reformation

• The Death of Sir Thomas More
• Henrys viewed Mores execution as a political
  necessity
• Mores death demonstrated that the cultural and
  artistic spirit of the Renaissance was controlled
  by the desire of dynastic power

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Succession of the Throne

• Edward VI
• Henry VIII died in 1547
• throne passed to his nine-year-old son, Edward VI
• guided in all government affairs by a council of
  senior officials
• died prematurely in 1553

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Succession of the Throne

• Mary
• Edwards older sister
• Queen from 1553-1558

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Succession of the Throne

• Queen Mary (continued)
• offspring of Henry VIIIs marriage to Catherine
  of Aragon
• Mary was half Spanish and a devout Catholic
• Married Philip II of Spain
• Instituted a reign of terror against English
  Protestants in an attempt to return England to
  Catholic authority
• Called Bloody Mary