Presentation to the

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Presentation to the Sustainable Water Resources
Roundtable April 2006 John Gasper Argonne
National Laboratory (202-488-2420,
jgasper_at_anl.gov)
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(No Transcript)
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Energy and Water are inextricably linked Energy
for water and water for energy

• Energy production requires water
• Thermoelectric cooling
• Hydropower
• Extraction and mining
• Fuel Production (H2, ethanol)
• Emission controls

• Water production and
• distribution require energy
• Pumping
• Treatment
• Transport

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Energy development is already being affected by
water constraints

• Water rates in the Las Vegas Valley will go up .
  . . because of increased electricity costs -- Las
  Vegas SUN, 2002
• Utility regulators put ecology ahead of
  electricity in rejecting a major power plant . .
  . . that would use 2,500 gallons per minute to
  cool its steam turbines
• -- Arizona Daily Sun 2002
• Georgia Power Loses Bid to Draw Water from
  Chattahoochee
• -- Miami Herald, February 2002
• EPA Orders Mass. Power Plant to Reduce Water
  Withdrawals
• -- Providence Journal, RI, July 2002
• Idaho Denies Water Rights Request for Power
  Plants
• -- U.S. Water News Online, August 2002
• Pennsylvania Nuclear Power Plant to Use
  Wastewater from Coal Mines
• -- The Philadelphia Inquirer, July 2003
• Utilities Warn of Power Crunch if Flows Are Cut
• -- Greenwire, July 2003
• Governor of South Dakota called summit to
  discuss drought on the Missouri River and the
  impacts on irrigation, drinking-water systems,
  and power plants
• -- News Release, February 2005

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Future energy development will put new demands on
water resources

• Many new technologies will be more water
  intensive
• Hydrogen economy would require even more water
• Constraints will grow for energy development and
  power plant siting

Source multiple sources, to appear in the DOE
Report to Congress
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Future water supplies and treatment will be more
energy intensive

• Readily accessible fresh water supplies are
  limited and have been fully allocated in some
  areas
• Pumping at deeper depths and longer conveyance
  distance require more energy
• New technologies to access and/or treat
  non-traditional water resources will require more
  energy per gallon of water
• Impaired water, produced water, brackish water,
  and sea water

Source EPRI, 2000 Water Desalination Task
Force, 2003
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New Science and Technology can help

• Understand supplies and demands better
• Information systems to integrate energy-water
  databases
• Computational science, hydrology, meteorology,
  energy policy economics
• Make new supplies available
• New materials and separation processes
• Advanced desalination
• Treatment of impaired and produced water
• Use what we have more efficiently
• Increase water-use efficiency of energy
• Optimize water management for multi-uses

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All types of RD will be needed to address
EnergyWater challenges

• Fundamental science for new knowledge and
  discoveries
• Technology development to apply new ideas to
  current and future problems
• Prediction/forecasting to guide RD investments
  and improve decision-making
• Demonstration, testing/evaluation, and technology
  transfer to impact commercial markets

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Congressional actions have converged with the EWN
concepts

• Energy Policy Act gives DOE new Authorization for
  Water-related RD
• Sect. 979 Energy-Water Supply Technologies
  Program
• Water and Energy Sustainability Program
• Assessments (collaboration w/ USACE and others)
• Tools development for long-term planning
• Report to Congress
• Domenici-Pombo Water Technology bills are pending
• 2004 press conference, Senate and House
  introductions, but no hearings
• 2005 introductions in House (H.R. 3182) and
  Senate (S. 1860)
• Latest versions are scaled down significantly
  from 2004 version

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FY05 appropriations are now supporting two
Energy-Water efforts

• Report to Congress
• Consider energy and water interdependencies,
  trends in energy and water supplies, threats and
  concerns to energy production
• Due to Congress by February 2006
• Energy-Water Roadmap for DOE
• Assess emerging energy and water resource issues
  based on user and stakeholder needs
• Develop energy and water science and technology
  priorities
• Due to DOE by September 2006

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Report to CongressAt the Crossroads Water
Resource Impacts on Energy Security

• Interdependencies
• Energy Required by Water
• Water Required by Energy
• Water Shortages and Impacts on Energy
• Opportunities to Secure Our Energy and Water
  Future
• Addressing Critical Energy Water Challenges

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National Energy-Water Technology Roadmap Process
Timeline
Water for Energy
8/05
Executive Committee Meeting
Executive Committee consists of 20 members from
industry, government, and academic institutions
to provide external direction and review of
process.
9/05
Three Regional Needs Workshops Central East
West User and customer driven
Central 11/05 East 12/05 West 1/06
3/06
5/06
6/06
8/06
9/30/06
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Regional Workshops to Characterize Needs
Timeline
Data, analysis, technology, policy issues of
concern related to energy supply, water supply,
energy impacts on water resources Near-, mid-,
long-term needs Needs identified by
representatives from industry, government,
academic, NGOs
Water for Energy
8/05
Executive Committee Meeting
9/05
Three Regional Needs Workshops Central East
West User and customer driven
Central 11/05 East 12/05 West 1/06
3/06
5/06
6/06
8/06
9/30/06
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Issues of concern identified fall into six
topical areas

• Integrated resource planning
• Extracted and produced water
• Information management systems databases and
  modeling
• Water tech., efficiency, alternative sources
• Management of surface and ground waters
• Cost basis for water

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Examples of Needs Common to Topical Areas

• Improved data on regional water availability and
  sustainability
• Coordinated regional natural resources and
  systems planning
• Improved materials, processes, and technologies
  to enhance water use efficiency and energy use
  efficiency
• Basic research in chemical and biological
  processes to improve energy and water use
  efficiency
• Applied research and more joint
  industry-government field demonstrations of
  emerging technologies
• Science-based and natural resource-based
  regulations and policy
• Improved economic evaluations of costs and
  benefits to reduce technology risks and
  accelerate implementation

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Characterization of Gaps
Timeline
Water for Energy
8/05
Executive Committee Meeting
9/05
Three Regional Needs Workshops Central East
West User and customer driven
Central 11/05 East 12/05 West 1/06
Independent expert panel identifies gaps between
needs and available information capabilities,
technology
3/06
5/06
6/06
8/06
9/30/06
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Gaps Analysis Status

• Workshop Held
• Draft gaps categories identified
• Water supply, characterization, monitoring needs
• Integrated regional resource planning and
  decision support tools
• Water treatment
• Renewable/unconventional energy technology
• Biomass/biofuels
• Thermoelectric power generation
• Analysis under preparation
• Includes specific near-, mid-, long-term goals

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Next Steps
Timeline
Water for Energy
8/05
Executive Committee Meeting
9/05
Three Regional Needs Workshops Central East
West User and customer driven
Central 11/05 East 12/05 West 1/06
Technology experts from industry, academia and
research sectors identify potential technology-
based solutions to gaps
3/06
5/06
6/06
8/06
9/30/06
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Energy and Water Sustainability

• Growing recognition of importance of energy-water
  relationship in assuring energy security
• Science and technology can play an important role
  in meeting future energy and water needs
• Ongoing planning efforts will provide a path
  forward for research, development and technology
  innovation