Egypt

1
Egypt

2
Egypt Today

• Republic government
• 26 governorates
• The legal system is based on the English common
  law, the Islamic law, and Napoleonic codes.
• Judicial rule by Supreme Court and Council of
  State
• The president is President Mohammad Hosni Mubarak
• The legislative branch is a bicameral system,
  which consists of 454 members, called the
  Peoples Assembly
• The Supreme Constitutional Court is the highest
  court.

3
History

• Egypt can be divided up into five different
  historical eras
• Prehistory the time before writing
• The Dynastic Period the time of Egyptian
  Pharaohs and Kings
• The Greco-Roman Period Egypt ruled by Greek
  Kings and Roman Emperors
• The Archaic Islamic Period after the Arab
  invasion
• The Colonial Period Egypt ruled by Europeans
• 
  http//www.touregypt.net/kids/H
  istory.htm

4
Monuments and Sites

• The Mortuary Complex of Djedefre, located in Abu
  Rawash.
• The two oldest known step pyramids, located south
  of Zawyet el-Aryan.
• Amenemhats Pyramid, located in Hawara.
• The Valley of the Kings, located on the west bank
  of Thebes.
• http//www.ancient-egypt.org/topography/index.html

5
Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt

• Amun known as one of the most powerful gods of
  Egypt
• Anubis the god of the dead
• Horus the god of the sky
• Khepri the god of creation, the movement of the
  sun and rebirth
• Ra the sun god
• Shu was the god of the air
• http//www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/explore/main.ht
  ml

6
Gods and Goddesses Continued

• Seshat the goddess of writing and measurement
• Ptah the god of craftsmen
• Maat the goddess of truth, justice and harmony
• Geb the god of the earth
• Seth the god of chaos.

7
Mummification

• Early Egyptians buried the dead in a small pit in
  the desert where the sun quickly dehydrated the
  bodies forming natural mummies.
• Later they began burying the dead in coffins, but
  realized that the bodies decayed without being
  exposed to the desert sun.
• Over many centuries, the Egyptians came up with
  the mummification process, which includes the
  embalming of the corpse, and then wrapping it in
  strips of linen.
• http//www.ancientegypt.co.uk/mummies/home.html

8
Pyramids of Egypt

• The pyramids were built as burial grounds for the
  Pharaohs and their queens.
• There are approximately 80 pyramids in Egypt
• The 3 largest and best preserved are located in
  Giza.

9
Pharaohs

• Were considered the most powerful person in Egypt
• Was considered the political and religious leader
• Titles given to the Pharaohs
• Lord of the Two Lands
• High Priest of Every Temple
• The pharaoh represented the gods on Earth,
  performing rituals and building temples in honor
  of the gods.
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