Welcome To A

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Welcome To AP I

• Syllabus
• Test taking tips
• Why are you here?
• Read Chapter One

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Define Anatomy
• Structure
• Define Physiology
• Function
• Form follows Function.

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Levels of Organization
• Atoms smallest unit of matter known
• Molecules a group of atoms chemically bonded
  together
• Cells Alive
• Tissue two or more types of cells
• Organ two or more types of tissues
• Organ System two or more organs
• Organism multicellular animal, for our class

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Metabolism the sum of all chemical processes
  that take place in the body.
• Homeostasis the maintaining of a stable
  internal environment that allows the body to
  operate within normal limits.
• (Homeodynamics a changing response to a
  changing system)

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Homeostatic Mechanisms
• 3 parts
• 1. Receptor receive information and send it on
  to the nervous system
• 2. Control Center brings about change in
  response to stimulus received from receptors,
  usually within the nervous system (i.e. the
  brain)
• 3. Effector Bring about change in the system
  in response to the control centers
  decision/input.

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Homeostatic Mechanisms
• Negative feedback system Use of this type of
  feedback generally moves the body back to its
  stable set point of function. Most common type
  of feedback system.
• Positive feedback system Use of this type of
  system generally moves the body away from its
  stable set point. Least common type of feedback
  system. Can pose a threat to life.

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Body Cavities (p.13)
• Dorsal Cavity smaller, has 2 divisions
• Cranial houses the brain
• Vertebral/Spinal houses the spinal cord
• Ventral Cavity larger, has 3 divisions
• Thoracic inside the ribcage, hold heart and
  lungs and some other organs. Bounded inferiorly
  by the diaphragm
• Abdominal Beneath the diaphragm, holds the
  organs of digestion primarily
• Pelvic inside the pelvic bowl, houses the
  urinary bladder, ovaries in females, some of the
  organs of digestion

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Serous Membranes These are thin membranes that
  surround certain organs. These membranes produce
  a thin fluid called serous fluid that is used for
  lubrication to decrease the friction of their
  organs movement. Each of these organs has a
  parietal and a visceral layer. There are three
  types of these membranes
• Pericardium surrounds the heart
• Pleura surrounds the lungs
• Peritoneum surrounds the alimentary canal
  (stomach, large and small intestines).

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Organ Systems
• Integumentary system
• Musculoskeletal system
• Nervous system
• Endocrine system
• Cardiovascular system
• Digestive system
• Reproductive system

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Chapter One - Introduction

• Medical terminology