IX' NONSURVEY RESEARCH

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IX. NON-SURVEY
RESEARCH
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A. Qualitative Analysis

• 1. definition the examination of discrete
  (unique) categories,
• usually terms or labels,
  and the non-numerical
• (quantification)
  differences between those
• categories
• 2. research that is not easily or even
  desired to be
• examined, mathematically, i.e.
  quantifiable not easily
• analyzed by statistical manipulation
• 3. eg Are women treated differently than
  men in criminal
• justice settings
• a. observe, describe, assess, and
  explain through
• narration
• b. articulating that which you see

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• 4. types
• a. Ethnomethodology (Garfinkel,
• 1967)
• 1) an attempt to understand
• how (i.e., the methods
• used) social order is
• created and maintained
• 2) language, behavior,
• symbols must be understood
• in the context in which they are
  used
• 3) e.g. crimes of passion

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• b. Ethnography
• 1) detailed narrative descriptions of
  an event/s
• 2) a descriptive analysis of what is
  said, seen, or
• heard placed into context
• 
  
• 
  
  
  

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• c. Grounded Theory (Glaser and Straus,
  1967)
• 1) understanding phenomenon by
  assessing
• commonalities trends, patterns,
  themes that
• occur in daily human interaction
• 2) developing explanations and
  assessment
• strategies as the research is
  being conducted
• Aileen Wuornos David Berkowitz
  Gary Ridgeway Jeffrey Dahmer
  Ted Bundy

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• d. Field Research
• 1) definition the study of people
  acting in the natural
• course of their
  daily lives (Emerson, 19831)
• 2) applied hermeneutics
• 3) research settings
• a) small social /
  professional settings
• b) community settings
• c) deviant activities
• 4) foci (data sources)

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• a) observations
• 1) S-A-L-U-T-E
• 2) practices, rituals,
  behavior, the things that
• people do
• b) interactions
• 1) this is keywhen
  people meet what
• happens?
• 2) exchange theory
• 3) role theory
• c) locations / time

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• 5) research roles (Gold, 1969
  30-39)
• a) complete participant
• b) participant observer
• c) complete observer
• 6) preparation for the field
• a) have an idea
• b) establish realistic time
  frame for observations,
• data collection
• c) be flexible
• d) take advantage of
  informants
• gt snowball sampling
  

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• e) select appropriate
  research site
• f) head out
• 7) asking questions
• a) presentation of self
• b) field interviews
• c) practice having
  conversations
• 8) issues in recording data
• 9) dangers
• a) Babbie calls these
  errors of reasoning
• b) provincialism

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B. Unobtrusive Research

• 1. definition examination of social
  behavior and settings
• without disturbing or
  interacting with it
• 2. many of us are closet stalkers
• gt literal or virtual
• 3. types of UR
• a. trace analysis

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• b. field research complete
  observations
• c. literature reviews

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• d. content analysis
• 1) definition the attempt to
  develop a systematic
  and objective examination of
  written text
• in order to
  conduct empirical assessment
• on the symbolic
  content of that
• communication
• Unabomber Manifesto
• 1. The Industrial Revolution and its
  consequences have been
• 
  a disaster for the human race. They have
  greatly increased
• 
  the life-expectancy of those of us who live
  in "advanced"
• 
  countries, but they have destabilized
  society, have made life
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  unfulfilling, have subjected human beings to
  indignities,
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  have led to widespread psychological
  suffering (in the Third
• 
  World to physical suffering as well) and
  have inflicted severe
• 
  damage on the natural world. ...233 other
  points plus
• Ted Kaczinski
• (1942 - )
  footnotes

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• 2) selection and identification
  of content
• categories
• gt what is your unit of
  analysis
• 3) data dimensions
• a) keep in mind the
  Measurement Model
• gt Conceptualization
• Identification
  of nominal categories
• Operational
  Definitions
• Real World
  Measurement
• b) steps are identical to
  any survey research project

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• 4) e.g. message in the lyrics
• Da Repercussions
• You gettin' money nigga (yeah), you dimed out
  (yeah) Well 50 Cent is the hottest shit out this
  (yeah)You bust your gun nigga (yeah), you on the
  run nigga (yeah) You treat a grown man, like he
  ya son (nigga)Yo, I ain't the first parolee, to
  catch his nigga for his Rolee And after being on
  the street, less than a weekLook, niggas who
  know me, know I'm up to no good Man my fan base
  is spreading like HIV in the hoodWhy smack a
  nigga silly, when I can squeeze the nilly
  (squeeze that shit) A slug'll split a niggas
  ass, worst than the PhillyI stay with the
  heater, cut the D with Bonita My wifey kept
  acting up, so I had to leave herIt hurted when I
  left, but I knew I didn't need her If it wasn't
  for my seed, I wouldn't even hafta see herShe
  tried to front like she don't need me, she miss
  me,
• believe me It's that soap opera shit, the
  bitch watch too much TV
• 
  Curtis J Jackson (1975 - )

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C. Strengths / Weaknesses

• 1. high on validity / except for field
  research, ok on
• reliability as well
• 2. hermeneutical shortcomings
• 3. levels of dangerousness
• 4. can be inexpensive
• 5. exciting
• 6. ethical concerns
• 7. not good for attempting large sampling or
  large number
• of variables
• 8. often only one-shot data collection
  opportunities

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D. Summary

• Get out of your comfort zone and
• experience life
• DO IT