Cancer

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Cancer

• Cancer- abnormally growing and dividing cells of
  a malignant neoplasm.
• Neoplasms- abnormal masses of cells that has lost
  control over how they grow and divide

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Benign tumor
Malignant tumor
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Figure 7.15aPage 109
Do not post to Internet
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Cancer cells have 4 characteristics

• Grow and divide abnormally
• Cells have significantly altered cytoplasm and
  plasma membranes
• Cells have a weakened capacity for adhesion
• Usually have lethal effects

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Cancer rates rose in most industrial nations in
the 20th century

• 2nd leading cause of death in U.S.
• A.C.S. estimates ½ of males and 1/3 of females
  will have some form of cancer in their lifetime.
• EPA estimates that in the U.S. more than 200
  million people live in areas where the combined
  upper limit lifetime cancer risk is 10 times the
  risk normally considered acceptable.

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Fun at the Beach
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Where does cancer come from?

• Cancer cells are not foreign cells
• How does this damage occur?
• Inherited
• Some forms of cancer can be hereditary,
• Viruses
• HIV patients may get the cancer Kaposi sarcoma
• Carcinogens- substances that cause cancer,
  invasive out-of-control cell growth
• Ex Asbestos, Benzene, DDT, Radon, PCB (all found
  in your neighborhood!)
• Cigarette smoke contains benzopropene, a known
  carcinogen.

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Treating Cancer

• Surgery
• By completely removing the cancerous cells, a
  person can rid themselves of the cancer.
• Chemotherapy
• Colchicine inhibits the development of spindles
  as the nuclei are dividing.
• Radiation
• Destroys the cancer cells in the treated area.

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Control cell Normal spindle forms
HTPH2 treated Spindle formation blocked