Developmental

1

• typically identified around 3 years
• critical period

Developmental Disorders
refers to group of conditions that involve
delays in development of
basic skills
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Birth Defects

• Any physical, mental, or biochemical abnormality
  present at time of birth.
• Generally formed invitro
• Caused either genetically or environmentally by
  what mother interacts with in environment
  (smoking)

http//www.satellitefcc.com/checklist.htm
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Charge Syndrome

• People with this syndrome usually have
• Coloboma of the eye (cleft or keyhole-shaped
  defect occurring in 1 or more areas of the eye)
• Heart Defect
• Artesia of the Choanae (cant breathe through
  nose)
• Retardation of growth or development
• Genital Hypoplasia
• Ear Malformations

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Charge Syndrome

• It is very rare and is caused by a genetic defect
  in one of your chromosomes

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Tay-Sachs

• Tay-Sachs disease is not able to be detected when
  a child is born it is not known that the child
  has the disease until they are six months.
• These children lose their motor skills and mental
  functions over time the child may become

• Blind
• Mentally Retarded
• Paralyzed
• Dead
• Non- Responsive to the Environment
• These children also lack a vital enzyme
  Hexosaminidase A

Dichinda Terrell 3rd
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Tay-Sachs

• Hex-A is needed for the body to breakdown fatty
  acids waste found in the brain cells without it
  the nervous system breaks down over time

• Carriers of this disease are
• Jewish (Asckenazi)
• Irish
• Cajun
• French-Canadian
• Children with this disease usually die around age
  five.

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Dwarfism
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Dwarfism is a condition characterized by short
stature, which means adult height is around 4ft
10 in. or under
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Causes

• Any one of more than 200 conditions most which
  are genetic.
• The most common type (accounting for 70 of all
  cases of short stature) is called achondroplasia.
• Dwarfism isn't an intellectual disability.
• Someone who has this is typically of normal
  intelligence.

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Retts Syndrome

• Neurodevelopment disorder
• Loss of purposeful use of hands, distinctive
  hand movements, slowed brain and head
  growth, gait abnormalities, seizures, mental
  retardation
• Excessively in Females
• Caused by sporadic mutations in gene MECP2
  located on X chromosome, not inherited
• No Cure, treated by learning how to cope with
  symptoms

Brent Calder
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Cleft Palate

• Birth defect
• The tissue that forms the upper lip and the roof
  of the mouth dont join before the babies birth.
• Effects
• A notch in the upper lip or a groove in the roof
  of the mouth and nose.
• Treatment
• Surgery

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Aicardi Syndrome
-Aicardi Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder in
which the corpus callosum, the substance which
connects the two sides of the brain, is partly or
completely missing -the cause of the disease is
still unknown, but some believe it is the result
of a gene defect on the X chromosome -only 500
cases worldwide, only Affects girls
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Symptoms of disorder
-spasms -mental retardation -abnormal
spine -small eyes -uneven hemisphere sizes
Copeland Tucker
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ADD

• Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD),
  or Hyperkinetic Disorder, is a neurobehavioral
  developmental disorder affecting about 5 of the
  world's population. It typically presents itself
  during childhood, and is characterized by a
  persistent pattern of inattention and/or
  hyperactivity.

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I HAVE ADD/ADHD!!!!
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Sturge-Weber Syndrome

• Port-wine stain birthmark on forehead, upper
  eyelid, one side of face
• Seizures at birth, worsen with age usually on
  side of body opposite birthmark
• Increased pressure in eye, causing glaucoma or
  bulging out of socket
• Neurological disorder
• Loss of nerve cells, calcification of tissue in
  cerebral cortex usually on same side as
  birthmark
• Results in mental retardation, developmental
  delays in children

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• Causes
• Cause is not known
• Disease present at birth, not thought to be
  hereditary

• Treatment
• No cure for syndrome
• Treatment subject to symptoms
• Ex Anticonvulsants for seizures, laser therapy
  for birthmarks

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What It Is

• A genetically inherited condition that ages the
  skin faster than normal
• Causes the child to have a stroke or heart attack
  and die at a young age
• 1 in 4 million are affected

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Anencephaly

• Occurs from a neural tube defect that occurs
  between the 23rd and 26th day of pregnancy.
• Results in the absence of a large portion of the
  brain, skull, or scalp.

Wallace Sprayberry
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

• There is no cure.
• FAS is caused when a women consumes alcoholic
  beverages during her pregnancy.
• Results of FAS include
• low birth weight
• small head circumference

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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

• failure to thrive
• organ dysfunction
• facial abnormalities smaller eye openings,
  flattened cheekbones, and indistinct philtrum
• epilepsy
• poor coordination/fine motor skills
• poor socialization skills
• lack of imagination
• learning difficulties
• behavioral problems

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Downs Syndrome

• Caused by a presence of an extra 21st chromosome.
  47 instead of 46 chromosomes.
• Causes an impairment of cognitive ability and
  physical growth.
• Probability increases with maternal age
• Most common single cause of birth defects.
• Affects 1 per 800 births.

Sam Taylor
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Characteristics

• Poor muscle tone
• Flat nasal bridge
• Protruding tongue
• Heart defects
• Asymmetrical skull
• Short hands
• Retarded growth and development

Sam Taylor
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Langer-Giedion Syndrome

• rare genetic disorder caused by a deletion of
  chromosomal material.
• learning difficulties
• short stature
• unique facial features
• skeletal abnormalities including bony growths
  projecting from the surfaces of bones
• hearing loss and delayed speech.

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Williams Syndrome

• It is a rare genetic disorder occurring in about
  1 in 7500 live births.
• It causes an Elfin facial appearance, unusually
  cheerful demeanor, unpredictably occurring
  negative outbursts, mental retardation, love for
  music, and cardiovascular problems.
• Joseph Eiland

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Causes

• Williams Syndrome is caused by deletion of
  genetic material in chromosome 7.

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Autism

• A brain development disorder that causes
  restricted and repetitive behavior
• Impairs social interaction and communication
• One of the five pervasive developmental disorders
  
• Symptoms usually start before a child is three
  years old.
• About a 1/3 to 1/2 of individuals with autism do
  not develop enough natural speech to meet their
  daily communication needs

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Causes Of Autism

• The cells and connections in the brain of an
  autistic person, especially those that affect
  communication, emotions, and senses, don't
  develop properly or get damaged.
• Heritability causes more than 90 of autism cases
  
• Scientists are still trying to understand how and
  why this happens.

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DYSLEXIA

• Learning disability some kids have with reading,
  spelling, and writing
• Makes words look jumbled
• Inherited condition
• Can be treated

Katie Cantrell
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Hydrocephalus

• Water-head

A condition in which the skull grows unusually
large, do to an abnormal accumulation of
cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the
brain. This fluid creates a lot of pressure,
pushing the skull outward.
Estimated 700,000 people living with this disorder
1 out of 500 births
Leading cause of brain surgery
Justin Rogers
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Turner Syndrome

• It occurs in 1 out of every 2500 female births.
• Genetic disorder that affects a girls
  development.
• Cause is due to only one female X chromosome
  instead of two.
• Symptoms include short stature, low set ears,
  webbed neck, increased weight, and swelling of
  the hands and feet.
• There is no specific treatment for the disorder,
  just treatment for the symptoms.

Stephen Quesinberry
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Clubfoot

• Is a fairly common for birth defect
• 1 in every 1,000 births
• Causes foot to be twisted in and down
• 50 of cases are bilateral
• Both feet
• More common in males than females

Andrew Bellisle
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Causes and

• Edwards Syndrome
• Spina Bifida due to congenital abnormality

The End
Treatments

• Consultant Orthopedic Surgeory
• Ponseti Method
• -Most popular type of manipulation