A World Conflict The US Enters WWII

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A World ConflictThe US Enters WWII

• Chapter 17

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The Homefront Responds

• Draft already started in 1940
• Consumer manufacturing converts to wartime
  building of arsenal of democracy
• Ration coupons issued
• Full employment replaced unemployment
• Prosperity returns to the US of A

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Women Step Up to the Cause
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War Forces More Equal Opportunity
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Disgrace Japanese Internment
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European Theatre- Battle of the Atlantic -Radar
and Sonar Beat Wolfpacks
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Hitler Creates Eastern Front

• Hitler lies to Stalin and invades Russia
• Freezing winter stalls plans for Moscow
• Real targets are oil fields in Caucasus Mtns and
  Stalingrad mfg center
• House-to-House combat for Stalingrad
• Winter is Russians friend Germans surrounded,
  frozen and starving
• Soviets loss of 1.1M men staggering

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European Theatre - Russia
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Germans Surrender 43 Turning Point
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European Theatre North Africa
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Allies Gain Strength

• Allied troops led by Dwight Eisenhower chase the
  Desert Fox Rommels Afrika Corps out of Egypt
  protecting mid-east oil fields
• Allied troops land in Casablanca and chase Afrika
  Corps to Tunis
• Germans surrender Tunisia 1943
• Allied victory in Sicily force Mussolini to
  resign but Germans hang on- Battle of Anzio-not
  freed until 1945

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D-Day or Operation Overlord

• Plan is for Allies to invade and reconquer France
• Use misinformation regarding Calais
• Real target NormandyBrits, Yanks, Canucks
• 3 divisions of parachuters behind enemy lines
• Thousands of sea-borne soldiers land on beach
• Within a month, Allies gain 80 mile strip of
  France
• Massive airstrike opens German line for advance
  of US troops led by Gen Patton
• With French Resistance fighters, Paris is
  liberated

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Invasion of Normandy
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Famous Generals in Europe
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Last Push Battle of the Bulge
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Death Camps are Liberated
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Deaths in the Camps

• 6,000,000 Jews is the round figure accepted by
  most authorities but Jews were not the only group
  singled out for persecution by Hitlers Nazi
  regime.
• As many as 500,000 million Gypsies, at least
  250,000 mentally or physically disabled persons,
  and more than 3,000,000 Soviet prisoners-of-war
  also fell victim to Nazi genocide.
• Jehovahs Witnesses, homosexuals, Social
  Democrats, Communists, partisans, trade
  unionists, Polish intelligentsia and other
  undesirables were also victims of the hate and
  aggression carried out by the Nazis.

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Pacific Theatre

• Some Good News the attack on Pearl Harbor
  missed subs and aircraft carriers
• Japanese controlled almost all of Pacific Rim
• Brutal fighting in Philippines Bataan Gen
  MacArthur forced to leave swears, I shall
  return
• Doolittles Raid on Tokyo

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Japan Rules . . . For Now
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Key Battles Turn the Tide

• Battle of Coral Sea-saves Australia
• Battle of Midway-strategic for Japan close to
  Pearl Harbor, centrally located in Pacific for
  refueling, launching attacks etc.
• Battle of Guadacanal -1st land loss for Japan
  hand to hand combat
• Oct 44-Gen MacArthur Leyte Island I have
  returned-kamikaze pilots

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Island Hopping Strategy Takes It Back
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Battles Have Devastating Losses for US

• Battle of Iwo Jima
• Important base to launch attack on Japan
• Lava rock in middle of nowhere-tunnels and
  caves-6000 US dead
• Okinawa 7600 US dead

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The Manhattan Project

• FDR mourned but Truman rises to the occasion
• Fear of tremendous casualties when Japan attacked
• Japan given chance to surrender
• Truman orders 2 bombs to be dropped
• Enola Gay drops little boy on Hiroshima-a
  military center
• When Japan wont surrender, fat man dropped on
  Nagasaki

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Atomic Power Unleashed
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Cities leveled, death instant yet lingering
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Casualties of A Bomb

• TABLE A Estimates of Casualties Hiroshima
  Nagasaki Pre-raid population 255,000 195,000
• Dead 66,000 39,000
• Injured 69,000 25,000
• Total Casualties 135,000 64,000

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Casualties of War
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WWII Concludes

• Big Three Allies meet at Yalta to decide fate of
  Germany, imminent defeat certain
• US FDR, Russia Stalin, Britain-Churchill
• Stalin wants to divide Germany into occupation
  zones to prevent future threats
• US/Britain compromise for help in Pacific and
  United Nations support
• Stalin agrees to free elections in Soviet
  occupied Eastern European countries like Poland
• MacArthur in charge of Occupation of Japan