World War I

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World War I

• Begins in Europe 1914
• USA enters 1917
• Armistice signed 1918
• Treaty Signed 1919

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CAUSES

• Militarism (Buildup of military)
• Alliance System (Entangled)
• Imperialism (Competition for Colonies)
• Nationalism (A unifying and a divisive force)
• Spark Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
  (Heir to the Austrian throne)

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How did it all begin?

• One event can trigger multiple causes.

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The Allied Powers
1914     1915 1916 1917 1918
SerbiaRussiaFranceBelgiumJapanMontenegroGreat Britain(AustraliaNew ZealandCanadaSouth Africa) Italy PortugalRomania USACubaBrazilPanamaThailandLiberiaChina GreeceGuatemalaNicaraguaCosta RicaHaiti
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Alliances

• Allied Powers

• Central Powers

• Great Britain
• France
• Russia
• Serbia
• Belgium
• United States
• (officially neutral till 1917)

• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Bulgaria
• Ottoman Empire

This regional conflict quickly becomes a World
War as participants rely on their colonial
possessions for supplies/people.
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The Fronts

• Western Front
• Eastern Front
• Gallipoli
• Sea

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1914 1915 Illusions and Stalemate

• Belief that Modern industrial war could not be
  conducted for more than a few months
• Home by Christmas
• Christmas Truce 1914

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Time/Geography dictate the face of war.

• Modern weapons crippled the frozen front
• Poison gas
• Hand grenades
• Flame throwers
• Tanks
• Airplanes
• Subs
• Machine Guns
• Zeppelins

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The Course of the War

• The bulk of the war happens on the Western Front
  and before the USA becomes involved.
• The Western Front was characterized by the Trench
  System and a stalemate.

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No smiling and relaxed faces No clean uniforms
Their equipment is scattered everywhere Boredom
and sleep are obvious
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Mass Devastation
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Freezing Winters
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The soldiers had very little decent food, and
what food they had was often attacked by
rats. These rats were the size of small rabbits
and badgers because they had fed on the
decomposing bodies of dead soldiers.
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Trench Foot
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WWI Soldiers
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• The Lusitania and Unrestricted Sub. Warfare
• When was it sunk?
• What were some of the headlines of the day?
• How might this event impact Americas desire for
  neutrality?

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WHY DID THE UNITED STATES ENTER WORLD WAR I?

• Read the 8 reasons as to why the USA should go to
  war? Are they justifiable reasons? Which ones?
  Why?

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1917 US Enters War

• Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
• US Economic and political ties to Britain
• Inability to remain Neutral
• Zimmerman Telegram/note

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• Woodrow Wilson
• 28th President
• Democrat
• Foreign Policy- Idealism/Morally Right

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Colonel John. J. Pershing

• Black Jack Pershing
• Led American Expeditionary Forces in Europe (WWI)
• Only one of two men to reach the highest rank
  (General of the Armies) signifying service
  directly under the President.

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American Doughboys

• Informal term for members of the American Armed
  Forces
• Changed during WWII to G.I.
• A Draft was created to increase the number of
  people joining the war

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• If you are interested in learning more about the
  draft click HERE

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How did Americans Support the War Effort at Home?
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America helps win the war!

• To learn more about how American mass production
  helped win the war for the Allies click HERE.