Democracy and Religion

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• Democracy and Religion
• MR DOUG PERKINS

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SOME NEWS
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CONCEPT HEGEMONY

• A Starting Point
• Hegemony Total domination of one group over
  another.
• Two components
• Force
• Consent
• In International Relations, this refers to the
  domination of one state over another.
• In Comparative Politics, it usually refers to one
  group or class over others

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QUESTION

• Why do people put up with so much cr_at_p?

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BUT THERE IS MORE

• Another Take Three Levels of Power
• Straight Power Winning Arguments
• Control of Agenda Controlling the Floor
• Thin hegemony
• Hegemonic Control Creating a submissive culture
• Thick hegemony
• Hegemony is More than Domination!
• Gramsci the existing system of power relations
  becomes natural
• How?
• Is this a good or bad thing?
• Laitin and Nigeria
• Is it possible, or is it just Laying it on
  Thick?
• When? What variables cause hegemony?

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SOME PROBLEMS

• How does the concept of hegemony add to the
  democratic discourse?
• Framing!
• How can we test to see if it exists, and if so
  what causes it
• Science explain variation
• How do we decide what peoples true values or
  interests are?
• hegemony is not always exploitive- how can we
  tell when it is?

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ROUSSEAU

• No religious wars when each state has its own
  religion (Social Contract p.176)
• Christianity separated political and religious
  realms
• The consequence of this dual power has been an
  endless conflict of jurisdiction, which has made
  any kind of good polity impossible in Christian
  states, where men have never known whether they
  ought to obey the civil ruler or the priest
  (Social Contract p. 179)
• Muslim states often avoid this (ibid)
• Problem not solved in Russia and England

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MORE ROUSSEAU

• Three Kinds of Religion
• Religion of Man
• Divine, natural law. Inward devotion to
  morality. True theism
• Ideal.
• Religion of the Citizen
• Established in a single country
• Provides gods, dogmas, rituals
• Provides identity and difference
• Good, but deceptive.
• Mixed and Contradictory
• Provides two rulers, two homelands,
  contradictory. Two masters.
• Bad. Destroys social unity. Deceptive.

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ROUSSEAUs CIVIL RELIGION

• Civil Profession of Faith
• Belief in moral code, social conscience
• Dogmas
• Existence of an omnipotent, intelligent,
  benevolent provider
• Life to come
• Happiness of the just
• Punishment of sinners
• Sanctity of the social contract and the law
• No intolerance.
• Enlightenment?

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RATIONAL CHOICE

• Supply Side Vs. Secularization
• Propositions? (Stark and Iannoccone)
• Monopoly control, underserved markets, low levels
  of worship
• No state control, pluralist market, high levels
  of worship
• Thoughts on these?

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KALYVAS, FRADKIN

• Why was Algeria different?
• Does Democracy need Religion?

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THREE QUESTIONS

• How far can a democratic polity go in permitting
  religiously motivated behavior that is contrary
  to societal welfare or norms?
• Should the state encourage and promote consensual
  religious beliefs and traditions in an attempt to
  support the common values and beliefs that that
  bind a society together and make possible
  limited, democratic government?
• When religious groups and the state are both
  active in the same fields of endeavor, how can
  one ensure that the state does not advantage or
  disadvantage any one religious group or either
  religion or nonreligion over the other?

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QUESTIONS???