Reading Comprehension Strategies Across the Content Area

1
Reading Comprehension Strategies Across the
Content Area
Jim Miles
2
AGENDA

• Rigor/Relevance Framework
• Reading Comprehension StrategiesAcross the
  Curriculum

3
Jim MilesSenior Associate Jim_at_Leadered.Com
4
THINK of a number from 1 to 10 MULTIPLY that
number by 9 If the number is a 2-digit number,
ADD the digits together Now SUBTRACT 5
5
DETERMINE which letter in the alphabet
corresponds to the number you ended up with
(example 1a, 2b, 3c,etc.) THINK of a country
that starts with that letter REMEMBER the last
letter of the name of that country
6
THINK of the name of an animal that starts with
that letter REMEMBER the last letter in the name
of that animal THINK of the name of a fruit that
starts with that letter
7
Are you thinking of a Kangaroo in Denmark eating
an Orange?
8
Successful Curriculum Reform
9
(No Transcript)
10
Strategies for Increasing Reading Comprehension
in the Content Area
11
This will look weird! Believe it or not, you
can read it!

12
Reading Instruction
Reading in the Content Area
Learn to Read
Read to Learn
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 . . .
13
Reading Research

• College vs. Workplace
• High-stakes State Tests
• NCLB Legislation
• Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP)
• Academic Rigor
• Reading Comprehension Strategies
• Strategic Reading Skills
• Taught in all Content Areas

14
READING COMPREHENSION CAN BE INCREASED BY

• Teaching Reading Comprehension Strategies
• Matching Text to Students Reading Level
• Using Collaborative Activities
• Using Technology
• Writing Before and After Reading

15
Lexile Framework for Reading

• Most widely adopted reading measure
• Process for managing reading
  comprehension and reader progress
• Determines difficulty of reading by word
  frequency and sentence length
• Can improve student reading skills across the
  curriculum in all curriculums

16
Lexile Framework for Reading

• Measures text readability
• Measures student reading ability
• Reports measurements in Lexile increments from
  200L to 2000L
• Match reading/text with student reading level
• Thousands of books, millions of articles,
  hundreds of publishers, and all major
  standardized tests have Lexile measures

17
Entry-Level Occupational Reading Materials

• Agriculture / Natural Resources 1270-1510L
• Architecture / Construction 1210-1340L
• Business Administration 1210-1310L
• Health Science 1260-1300L
• Hospitality / Tourism 1230-1260L
• Human Services 1050-1200L
• Law Public Safety 1420-1740L
• Retail / Wholesale Sales 1180-1270L
• Transportation, Distribution 1170-1350L

18
Government Public Administration
 
19
Lexile Literature

• 1400 - The Scarlet Letter
• 1300 - Brown vs. Board of Ed.
• 1200 - War and Peace
• 1100 - Pride and Prejudice
• 1000 - Black Beauty
• 900 - Tom Swift in the Land of Wonders
• 800 - The Adventures of Pinocchio
• 700 - Bunnicula A Rabbit Tale of Mystery
• 600 - A Baby Sister for Frances
• 500 - The Magic School Bus Inside the Earth
• 400 - Frog and Toad are Friends
• 300 - Cliffords Manners

20
Lexile Texts

• 1100 - America Pathways to Present Prentice
  Hall
• 1000 - Writing and Grammar Gold Level Prentice
  Hall
• 900 - World Cultures A Global Mosaic Prentice
  Hall
• 700 - World Explorer The U.S. Canada
  Prentice Hall
• 600 - Science (Grade 4) Addison-Wesley
• 500 - People and Places Silver Burdett Ginn
• 400 - Imagine That! Scholastic Inc.
• 300 - My World Harcourt Brace

21
Personal Reading

• Aetna Health Care Discount Form 1360L
• Medical Insurance Benefit Package 1280L
• Application for Student Loan 1270L
• Federal Tax Form W-4 1260L
• Installing Your Child Safety Seat 1170L
• Microsoft Windows User Manual 1150L
• G.M. Protection Plan 1150L
• CD DVD Player Instructions 1080L

22
Newspapers

• NY Times 1380L
• Washington Post 1350L
• Wall Street Journal 1320L
• Chicago Tribune 1310L
• Associated Press 1310L
• USA Today 1200L

23
Reading Comparison
24
Reading Comprehension Strategies

• increase students comprehension and retention
  of information
• activate students prior knowledge to connect
  with new information
• teach / reinforce skills that all good readers
  normally use

25
Essential ELA Skills

• Preview text to anticipate content
• Identify, collect, select pertinent information
  while reading
• Discriminate important ideas from unimportant
  ideas while reading
• Apply, extend, and expand on information while
  reading

26
(No Transcript)
27
Reading Comprehension Strategies

• Affinity
• Anticipation Guide
• Cloze
• Concept Definition Map
• Cornell Graphic Organizer
• DR/TA
• Fishbone
• K-W-L-S
• Learning Logs
• Minute Paper

• Pairs-Read
• Paraphrasing
• QAR
• RAFT
• Reciprocal Teaching
• Rock Around the Clock
• SQ3R
• Structured Note-taking
• Summarizing
• Venn Diagram
• Vocabulary in Context

28
ANTICIPATION GUIDE Reading Comprehension Strategy
29

• Anticipation Guide
• Students answer questions based on prior
  knowledge before reading an assignment
• Key statements related to the topic
• Indicate student knowledge on topic
• Builds purpose and interest
• Generates discussion, identifies student
  experiences, uncovers misconceptions

30

• Preparation
• Select reading
• Identify main points or concepts
• Write 4 or 5 true/false statements
• Statements address misconceptions and major
  concepts to be learned
• Space to write A, D, or NS for each
  statement

31
__1. A bill is passed either in the Senate or the
House and then sent to the President for
signing. __2. To table a bill essentially
kills it. __3. If the House of Representatives
changes a bill passed by the Senate, a joint
committee must be appointed to reach a
compromise. __4. If the President disapproves
the bill, he may veto it. __5. It takes only a
50 percent plus one vote to override a
presidential veto.
32

• ANTICIPATE
• Introduce the topic
• Hand out the anticipation guide
• Students respond to each statement
• Posting activity to check responses
• What do you know about this topic?
• activates student prior knowledge
• identifies misconceptions

33

• READ AND DISCUSS
• Students find evidence to prove or disprove
  statements
• Rewrite all statements to be true
• Discuss findings with a partner / class
• CONNECTING THE STRATEGY
• Students write a paragraph based on facts
  learned from the reading

34
_D__ 1. A bill is passed either in the Senate or
the House and then sent to the President for
signing. _A__ 2. To table a bill essentially
kills it. _A__ 3. If the House of
Representatives changes a bill passed by the
Senate, a joint committee must be appointed to
reach a compromise. _A__ 4. If the President
disapproves the bill, he may veto it. _D__ 5.
It takes only a 50 percent plus one vote to
override a presidential veto.
35
1. A bill is passed in both the Senate and the
House and then sent to the President for signing.
2. To table a bill essentially kills it. 3.
If the House of Representatives changes a bill
passed by the Senate, a joint committee must be
appointed to reach a compromise. 4. If the
President disapproves the bill, he may veto it.
5. It takes a 2/3 vote to override a
presidential veto.
36
Product of Prime Numbers
__1. 20 2 X 2 X 5 __2. 39 3 X 13 __3.
36 3 X 12 __4. 14 3 11 __5. 154 2 X 7
X 11
37
Math Text Statistics
__1. There are several kinds of averages for a
set of data. __2. The mode is the middle number
in a set of data. __3. Range tells how far
apart numbers are in a set of data. __4.
Outliners are always ignored. __5. Averages are
always ignored.
38
DIRECT READING/ THINKING ACTIVITY Reading
Comprehension Strategy
39
DIRECTED READING / THINKING ACTIVITY (DR/TA)
40
(No Transcript)
41

• What I know I learned
• Most venomous female spiders in N. America
• Females have a red hour-glass on their bodies
• Females kill males after mating thus the name
• They can be as large as 1 ½ with 3 leg spans
• They live in dark places like sheds, shrubs
• Bite usually only kills the very young and old
• People die from respiratory paralysis
• If bitten see a doctor immediately
• Cause sore muscles or stomach cramps
• There is an anti-venom for spider bites

42
VENN DIAGRAM Reading Comprehension Strategy
43
Lewis and Clark
Merewether Lewis
William Clark

• Jeffersons secretary
• Studied plants and medicine
• Depressed
• Mysterious death
• Journal of animal and plants

• Born in Virginia
• Farmers
• Wrote journals
• Governors of territories
• Became famous

• Skilled map reader
• Negotiator
• Diplomat
• Native American agent
• Published Lewis Clark Journals

44
SQ3R Survey-Question-Read-Recite-Review Reading
Comprehension Strategy
45
SQ3R increases comprehension, concentration,
retention Step 1 Survey Headings,
subheadings, pictures, charts, captions, margin
notes Step 2 Question Turn headings /
subheadings into questions Step 3 Read Read
material part-by-part Do not go on until the
material is understood Form mental pictures of
the concepts Read out loud when material is
very complicated.
46
SQ3R increases comprehension, concentration,
retention Step 4 Recite Transfers from
short-term to long-term memory Recite by
Underlining Recite Aloud Recite by Taking
Notes Talk About the Reading Step 5 Review
Connects Information Increases retention
Immediate review Periodic review Final
Review .
47
SQ3R READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGY Survey
(Pre-Reading) Chapter Title ______________________
___________________________ What do I already
know about this topic or concept? What do I want
to Know? What can I learn from the illustrations,
graphics, first and last paragraphs? Question Loo
k at each heading, subheading, illustrations, and
graphics to formulate your questions. Heading/
Illustration/ Subheading/ Graphics Question Re
sponse Survey Unfamiliar Words
Words Definitions ___________________
_________________________________________ ________
____________ _________________________________
________
48
SQ3R) READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGY Survey
(Pre-Reading) Chapter Title _____________________
What do I already know about this topic? What
do I want to Know about this topic? What do I
think I will learn from this reading? What can
I learn from the illustrations?
49
SQ3R READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGY
Heading/ Illustration/ Subheading/
Graphics Question What was the accidental
Discovery? Response Heading/ Illustration/
Subheading/ Graphics Question What is a
provisional government? Response Survey
Unfamiliar Words Words
Definitions Accidental Not planned by mistake
Provisional Temporary not permanent Joint
Shared power / responsibility
50
K-W-L-S Reading Comprehension Strategy
51
K-W-L Chart
52
MINUTE PAPER Reading Comprehension Strategy
53
Minute Paper

• One minute writing summarizing key points
  learned from a
• Speaker
• DVD, Video, Movie
• Field Trip
• Current Event Article

54
Teaching key reading comprehension strategies for
only 15 minutes a week can significantly increase
student achievement.
55
www.lexile.com
56
Reading Comprehension Strategies

• Affinity
• Anticipation Guide
• Cloze
• Concept Definition Map
• Cornell Graphic Organizer
• DR/TA
• Fishbone
• K-W-L-S
• Learning Logs
• Minute Paper

• Pairs-Read
• Paraphrasing
• QAR
• RAFT
• Reciprocal Teaching
• Rock Around the Clock
• SQ3R
• Structured Note-taking
• Summarizing
• Venn Diagram
• Vocabulary in Context

57
(No Transcript)
58
I have come to a frightening conclusion. I am
the decisive element in the classroom. It is my
personal approach that creates the climate. It
is my daily mood that makes the weather. As a
teacher, I possess tremendous power to make a
child's life miserable or joyous. I can be a
tool of torture or an instrument of inspiration.
I can humiliate or humor, hurt or heal. In all
situations, it is my response that decides
whether a crisis will be escalated or
de-escalated, and a child humanized or
de-humanized." Haim Ginott
59
Rigor/Relevance Framework
Reading
KNOWLEDGE
D
C
Reading to acquire meaning Context Important
Reading to acquire meaning and procedures Context
Important
B
A
Reading to acquire knowledge
Reading to apply procedures Context Important
A P P L I C A T I O N