Aquatic Biomes

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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Formed by glacial scouring, oxbows,
filling of craters, uplift blocking a stream, and
natural/anthropogenic damming
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Formed by glacial scouring, oxbows,
filling of craters, uplift blocking a stream, and
natural/anthropogenic damming The littoral zone
is where rooted plants can live the limnetic
zone is deeper water where rooted plants can't
live.
profundal
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Formed by glacial scouring, oxbows,
filling of craters, uplift blocking a stream, and
natural/anthropogenic damming The littoral zone
is where rooted plants can live the limnetic
zone is deeper water where rooted plants can't
live. There is also habitat subdivison by temp
epilimnion, metalimnion (thermocline), and
hypolimnion
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Formed by glacial scouring, oxbows,
filling of craters, uplift blocking a stream, and
natural/anthropogenic damming The littoral zone
is where rooted plants can live the limnetic
zone is deeper water where rooted plants can't
live. There is also habitat subdivison by depth
epilimnion (photic), metalimnion (thermocline),
and hypolimnion Shallow lakes (ponds) have a
higher ratio of littoral/limnetic as such,
productivity is high - producing more biomass
than the decomposers may be able to breakdown.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Formed by glacial scouring, oxbows,
filling of craters, uplift blocking a stream, and
natural/anthropogenic damming The littoral zone
is where rooted plants can live the limnetic
zone is deeper water where rooted plants can't
live. There is also habitat subdivison by depth
epilimnion (photic), metalimnion (thermocline),
and hypolimnion Shallow lakes (ponds) have a
higher ratio of littoral/limnetic as such,
productivity is high - producing more biomass
than the decomposers may be able to breakdown.
This stimulates decomposition and drives down
oxygen concentrations... this excessive
productivity distinguishes a eutrophic lake.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Formed by glacial scouring, oxbows,
filling of craters, uplift blocking a stream, and
natural/anthropogenic damming The littoral zone
is where rooted plants can live the limnetic
zone is deeper water where rooted plants can't
live. There is also habitat subdivison by depth
epilimnion (photic), metalimnion (thermocline),
and hypolimnion Shallow lakes (ponds) have a
higher ratio of littoral/limnetic as such,
productivity is high - producing more biomass
than the decomposers may be able to breakdown.
This stimulates decomposition and drives down
oxygen concentrations... this excessive
productivity distinguishes a eutrophic lake.
These eutrophic conditions can be stimulated by
the anthropogenic input of nutrients -
stimulating productivity above natural levels. -
phosphates often a culprit
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Deep lakes have a lower
littoral/limnetic ratio decomposition in the
limnetic is limited by the relatively low input
of biomass from the littoral zone oxygen
concentrations remain high water remains clear,
and communities remain diverse. These are called
oligotrophic systems.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Deep lakes have a lower
littoral/limnetic ratio decomposition in the
limnetic is limited by the relatively low input
of biomass from the littoral zone oxygen
concentrations remain high water remains clear,
and communities remain diverse. These are called
oligotrophic systems. Deep lakes in the
temperate zone proceed through a seasonal change
in thermal profile.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Deep lakes have a lower
littoral/limnetic ratio decomposition in the
limnetic is limited by the relatively low input
of biomass from the littoral zone oxygen
concentrations remain high water remains clear,
and communties remain diverse. These are called
oligotrophic systems. Deep lakes in the
temperate zone proceed through a seasonal change
in thermal profile. Lakes accumulate sediment
and fill in, with vegetation encroaching
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Deep lakes have a lower
littoral/limnetic ratio decomposition in the
limnetic is limited by the relatively low input
of biomass from the littoral zone oxygen
concentrations remain high water remains clear,
and communties remain diverse. These are called
oligotrophic systems. Deep lakes in the
temperate zone proceed through a seasonal change
in thermal profile. Lakes accumulate sediment
and fill in, with vegetation encroaching Rooted
plants can draw nutrients from the benthos and
remobilize it before it leaves the system
particularly phosphorus that can be limiting in
freshwater systems. This remobilization can
accelerate the eutrophication of lakes.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds Deep lakes have a lower
littoral/limnetic ratio decomposition in the
limnetic is limited by the relatively low input
of biomass from the littoral zone oxygen
concentrations remain high water remains clear,
and communties remain diverse. These are called
oligotrophic systems. Deep lakes in the
temperate zone proceed through a seasonal change
in thermal profile. Lakes accumulate sediment
and fill in, with vegetation encroaching Rooted
plants can draw nutrients from the benthos and
remobilize it before it leaves the system
particularly phosphorus that can be limiting in
freshwater systems. This remobilization can
accelerate the eutrophication of lakes. This
pumping action has less impact on a large deep
lake.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds B. Streams and Rivers These are
dynamic and constantly changing environments
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds B. Streams and Rivers These are
dynamic and constantly changing environments
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds B. Streams and Rivers These are
dynamic and constantly changing
environments Production and decomposition can be
spatially separated...
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds B. Streams and Rivers These are
dynamic and constantly changing
environments Production and decomposition can be
spatially separated...
decomposition
nutrient transfer
productivity
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats A. Lakes
and Ponds B. Streams and Rivers These are
dynamic and constantly changing
environments Production and decomposition can be
spatially separated... And we often see
downstream succession from "oligotrophic" cold,
low productivity streams to "eutrophic", highly
productive rivers.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load - nutrient rich
from decomposition
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load - nutrient rich
from decomposition - highly productive
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load - nutrient rich
from decomposition - highly productive - nursery
area for oceanic fish
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load - nutrient rich
from decomposition - highly productive - nursery
area for oceanic fish - storm buffer
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load - nutrient rich
from decomposition - highly productive - nursery
area for oceanic fish - storm buffer - shellfish
and benthos are productive
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - shallow and warm -
nutrient rich, from sediment load - nutrient rich
from decomposition - highly productive - nursery
area for oceanic fish - storm buffer - shellfish
and benthos are productive - filter water of
impurities
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - mangroves in the tropics
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - estuaries - salt marsh in temperate
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat - dominated by 'reef-building' corals
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat - dominated by 'reef-building' corals -
nursery area for fish
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat - dominated by 'reef-building' corals -
nursery area for fish - storm buffer
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat - dominated by 'reef-building' corals -
nursery area for fish - storm buffer - filter
water (a little), but more dependent ON clear
water
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat - dominated by 'reef-building' corals -
nursery area for fish - storm buffer - filter
water (a little), but more dependent ON clear
water
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - coral reefs - most diverse marine
habitat - dominated by 'reef-building' corals -
nursery area for fish - storm buffer - filter
water (a little), but more dependent ON clear
water - Zooxanthellae are critical here... the
water carries few dissolved nutrients -
productivity and diversity is dependent upon
photosynthetic symbionts in the coral, itself.
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Aquatic Biomes I. Freshwater Habitats II. Marine
Habitats - Upwellings and the open ocean I
mentioned at the end of class that open oceans
are "biological deserts" because the source of
nutrients (from decomposition at the bottom of
the ocean) is a long way from the euphotic
zone... so algae are starved of nutrients and
productivity is low. The exception is where, as a
consequence of the shape of the ocean basin or
surface currents or islands, water from the
depths is brought to the surface.... this is
called an "upwelling" and it is a local
productive area.
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Equator
30 S
Surface currents are offshore, and deep water
comes up along the coast to "fill the gap". This
brings nutrients up, and that's why Peru has the
worlds largest and most productive anchovy
fishery.
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Georges Bank - shallow continental shelf, and the
offshore Gulf Stream pulling surface waters
offshore
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surface water stripped from island, and deep
nutrient-rich water takes its place.
in the photo above, red isn't heat... it is algal
productivity.
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surface water stripped from island, and deep
nutrient-rich water takes its place.
so upwellings are a strong indication that
surface ocean waters are usually starved of
nutrients.
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