Title: P1251955603pcYIk
1- Degerhan Deger 10-Science
- Tarik Kardiçali 9-Grade
- Mert Kahraman 11-Science
- Osman Sahinbozkir 10-Science
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7General Information                             Â
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Name  Republic of Türkiye Population  71.6 million Capital  Ankara Language  Turkish  Türkiye is a secular state where religious and state affairs are separated. National Anthem  Istiklal Marsi (The Independence Hymn)
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11Index
- Water
- Droughts
- Erosion
- Fish In Türkiye
- Endangered Species
- Arboretums
- Plant Diversity
- Forests
- Istanbul Strait
- The Bosphorus
12TÃœRKIYES ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
13Water
Water has a vital importance for all living
organisms. Water is ¾ of the world, 2/3 of our
bodies
14- Türkiyes population was 28 million in the 1960s
and had 4000 cubic meters of water per person.
Today Türkiye is 70 million and has 1400 cubic
meters of water per person.
15Manyas lake
Before
After
16After
Before
Doganci Dam                                   Â
17Esmekaya bird paradise
Before
After
18Alibeyköy Dam
Before
19After
20Reasons of Droughts
- Desertification
- Water Stress
- Environmental damage
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22Desertification increases.
23Türkiye will be under droughts and will be
desertified in 2030 under these conditions.
In terms of water, Türkiye is the poorest country
in Europe and the richest country in the Middle
East.
24 Desertification is a global problem. Caused
mostly because of GLOBAL WARMING
25To Prevent Desertification We Must
- Stop wasting trees for industry
- Increase afforestation
- Protect our trees from fire
- Protect water sources
26Tema Foundation
- The Tema Foundation was founded against the
danger of desertification in Turkey. Its one of
the most active foundation in Turkey
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29Erosion
Erosion is losing productive land to water and
winds.
30Fish in Türkiye
31- Türkiye has seas on three sides and is a fish
paradise.
- There are 247 kinds of fish in the Black sea, 200
in the Marmara - Sea, 285 in the Mediterranean. There are about
350 kinds of fish - in all our seas. In our fresh waters there are
192 kinds of fish.
32Fishing in Türkiye
- Türkiye has the largest fishing fleet in
- the Mediterranean.
Illegal fishing is a problem in Türkiye.
33Fener Baligi - Angler Fish
Dil Sole
Çinekop - Young blue fish
Barbunya - Red Mullet
34Gümüs Baligi Sand Smelt
Istavrit Horse Mackerel
Gelincik Baligi - Rockling Fish
Hamsi - Anchovy
35Lüfer - Bluefish
Mercan - Red sea bream
Orfoz - Grouper
Mezgit Whiting
36Kefal - Gray mullet
Levrek - Sea bass
Kirlangiç - Red gurnard
Kalkan Turbot
37DANGER
38Endangered Species
The Family Animalia
134 Mammals 450 Birds 105 Reptiles 22 Frogs
127 Freshwater fishes 384 Sea fish 1220
Vertabrate
Caretta Caretta
39Caretta Caretta
Today the main threat to the adult turtles lies
in shrimp trawls and crab fishing nets.
40Iztuzu Beach Dalyan Türkiye
- Iztuzu Beach Dalyan Türkiye is the nesting ground
of Caretta Carettas
41Mediterranean Seal (Monachus Monachus)
42There are only 350 Mediterranean Seals left in
the Mediterranean and only 50-60 in Türkiye.
43Arboretums
44- There are three main Arboretums in Türkiye
- Atatürk Arboretum in Ankara
- Çukurova Süleyman Demirel Arboretum in Adana
- Karaca Arboretum in Yalova
45Atatürk Arboretum
Established in 1949 by the Istanbul University
Forestry Faculty Expands on 345 hectares of
forest.
46Established in Yalova in 1980 by It is a genetic
protection area for endemic Turkish plants.
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49Plant Diversity
50Endemic Species belonging exclusively or
confined to a particular place.
51Endemic Orchids
52Upside down Tulip (Fritillaria imperialis)
Kardelen (Galanthus)
Tulips (Tulipa)
Yersomunu (Cyclamen)
53Manisa Tulip (Tulipa orphanidea)
Nergiz (Narciscus)
Iris (Süsen )
Arapsümbülü (Muscari)
Kaplanbogan (Aconitum)
54Forests
55The reason why we dont have more forests
- Wars and migrations.
- Open areas for fields and use of wood.
- Forest fires
56Fertile
Infertile
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58Trees in Türkiye
59Forest Fires
94 of forest fires are caused by human mistakes.
Only 6 of fires are caused by natural causes.
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63The Istanbul Strait
- The Istanbul Strait is between the Black Sea and
the Marmara Sea.
64Black Sea
Asia
Europe
Marmara Sea
65Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge
Europe
Atatürk Bridge
The Bosphorus
Asia
66Europe
Asia
67- There is no where in the world where such large
and dangerous sea traffic goes freely as close to
the shores, buildings and population areas as in
Istanbul.
68Sea Traffic
In 2007, 10054 tankers carried 143 millions 452
thousand 949 tons of dangerous materials
including petroleum and liquid petroleum gas.
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70Sea Accidents
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72Sunken Ships in the Bosphorus
- The bottom of the Bosphorus is like a ship
cemetery.
73The largest accident in the Bosphorus was on 15
November 1979 when Independenta hit Evriali,
another tanker and burned.
Independenta remained in the Bosphorus for years.
74Boat-shaped Bombs
- Istanbul is under the danger of extinction 17
times a day with the passing of LPG and ammonium
tankers.
75Nuclear Waste
transfer of nuclear and chemical waste. On March
14th, 2005 an LPG tanker sank in Istanbul.
Pilot Guide
76Advantages
- Income from the straits
- Decreasing traffic density of Istanbul
- Connecting Asia and Europe
Disadvantages
- Sea traffic
- Sea accidents
- Chemical wastes
77Thanks for listening...
- Degerhan Deger
- Tarik Kardiçali
- Mert Kahraman
- Osman Sahinbozkir
A view from Hasankeyf