Larsis demo

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Building Earth Observation System for Digital
Earth
Guo Huadong
Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese
Academy of Sciences July 22, 2006, Beijing
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Outline

• Understanding the Digital Earth (DE)
• Role of Earth Observation for Digital Earth
• Building Up Earth Observing System for DE
• Spaceborne Earth Observing System
• Airborne Earth Observing System
• DE Development and Future Prospect

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Understanding the Digital Earth
The Digital Earth vision incorporates a
computer-based Earth --- A corresponding
virtual body of knowledge of the real Earth and
its digital representation for understanding the
oneness of the Earth and its relevant phenomena.
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Understanding the Digital Earth
Cloud
El Nino
Sea water temperature
Vegetation
Earthquake
Volcano
Plate Boundary
Earth Surface
(http//www.nasm.si.edu/EarthToday)
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Role of Earth Observation for Digital Earth

• Digital Earth is an information integrative
  engineering system built upon global Earth
  observing system, satellite communication
  systems, the global internet, and other advanced
  cutting edge technologies.
• Digital Earth is an information system for
  processing natural and social economic issues by
  means of digital technology.
• Earth observation is a basis for constructing the
  Digital Earth, the development of Digital Earth
  is inseparable from the support of Earth
  observing technology

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Role of Earth Observation for Digital Earth

• Earth Observation Information Resource (RS, GIS,
  GPS) is a Key Component in Digital Earth System
• Having accumulated tremendous amount of remote
  sensing data
• e.g. EOS, Landsat, SPOT, ERS, JERS, Radarsat,
  IKONOS, Quickbird etc
• Providing multi-resolution, multi-scale, and
  dynamic information, at global, regional, and
  local levels

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Building Up Earth Observing System for DE

• Data Acquisition
• Chinese Satellites and Spacecrafts
• Meteorological Satellite
• Polar Orbit FY-1 A, B, C, D
  4
• Geo-stationary FY-2A, 2B, 2C
  3
• Marine Satellite HY-1
  1
• Resource Satellite (CBERS 01,02 ZY-01, 02, 03)
  5
• Communication Satellite
  7
• Navigation Satellite Beidou -1
  3
• Recoverable Satellites
  22
• Scientific experiment Satellites
  15
• Tsinghua Small Satellite, DMC4 Satellite
  2
• Spacecraft SZ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
  6

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Chinese Satellite Family
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FY Meteorological Satellites

• Polar Orbiting Meteorological Satellites FY-1
  series
• FY-1A, 1988
• FY-1B, 1990
• FY-1C, 1999
• FY-1D, 2002

FY-1C 10 Channel Scan Radiometer
FY-2 Geostationary Satellites

• Launched FY-2A in June 1997, located in the
  orbit at
• an altitude of 35800km over 105 E.
• Launched FY-2B in May 2000, with 3 year lifetime
• Launched FY-2C in Oct. 2004 to orbit at altitude
  of 35860km Multi-Channels Scan Radiometer
  (MCSR) on FY-2 is a key system of Geostationary
• Meteorological Satellite carrying visible,
  infrared and water vapor bands

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Global NDVI 10-days Composition Image Derived
from FY Satellite
Disaster Monitoring
Typhoon
Flood
Fire
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China/Brazil Earth Resource Satellite

• CBERS-1 was launched in October 1999
• Multi-sensor payload with different
• spatial resolutions
• Wide Field Imager (WFI)
• High Resolution CCD Camera
• Infrared Multispectral Scanner (IR-MSS)
• CBERS-2 was launched in Oct. 2003, with improved
  image quality

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Specifications of CBERS
High Resolution CCD Camera
Infrared Multi-Spectral Scanner (IRMSS)
Wavebands 0.42-0.52µ

0.50-0.90µ
0.52-0.59µ
1.55-1.57µ
0.63-0.69µ
2.08-2.35µ
0.77-0.89µ

10.40-12.5µ
0.51-0.73µ Resolution
19m
78m (panchromatic medium IR)


156m (thermal IR) Swath width
113km
119.5km 26 days Temporal
resolution 26 days (nadir) 3 days
(off-nadir) Side-looking
-32-32 Contractor
BISME/CAST
Wide Field Imager (WFI)
Bands(µm) 0.63-0.69
0.76-0.90 Temporal Resolution 3-5 days Swath
width 890 km
CBERS-1 Image of Turpan Area, Xinjiang
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Hangtian Tsinghua-1 Micro-satellite

• Launched in June 2000
• Developed jointly by Tsinghua University,
• China Aerospace Science and Technology
• Corp., Surry University, UK

• Weight 50kg
• Volume 0.07 m3
• Low Cost
• 3 bands camera
• 40m resolution

Los Angeles, CA
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Parameter of NRSCC Small Satellite (DMC-China)
Orbit height 772km--680km Weight
150kg Sensor -1 GSD 32m
Swath 600km
Band width 520-620 nm
630-690nm
760-900
nm Sensor -2 GSD 4m
Swath 24km
Panchromatic
Launched on Oct. 27 2005 in Russia
DMC4 Small Satellite will provide dynamic
service for 2008 Olympic game
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Tsunami Monitoring with DMC Image for Sumatra
Island
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HY-1 satellite ( HaiYang-1 Ocean )
HY-1 satellite, launched in May 2002 and composed
of COCTS and CCD, is mainly used to acquire
information about the marine environmental
parameters of the China Seas, including
chlorophyll concentration, suspended sediment
concentration, dissolved organic matter,
pollutants, as well as sea surface temperature.
System Parameters for 10 Channels Ocean Color
Scanning Radiometer
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1
2
3
1)East China Sea 2) Taiwan Island
3)Taiwan Strait (Received on May 29, 2002,
Composed of 8/6/2 Channels) HY-1 First COCTS
Image in Real Time
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The five days mission with two astronauts
in SZ-6 was successfully conducted from Oct 12 to
17, 2005, marking Chinese effort towards building
permanent space lab in the near future.
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Astronaut Yang Liwei in SZ-5 Spacecraft
SZ-5 in the Space
SZ-4 Multi-mode Microwave Sensor
SZ-3 Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer
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SZ-4 Multi-mode microwave sensor

• Five band radiometer ranging from 6.6GHz to
  37GHz
• Altimeter at 13.9GHz
• Scatterometer

Applications were mainly focused on ocean and
atmosphere, but also for land.
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Global Brightness Temperature Image at 37 GHZ HH
Polarization
Surface Temperature TAKLAMAGAN Desert
Global Brightness Temperature Image at 37 GHZ VV
Polarization
Altimeter Result Sea surface wind speed
Utilizing SZ-4 Radiometer Data for Global
Brightness Temperature Measurement
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(No Transcript)
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CMODIS Imagery of Japan
2002-05-25 11-37-08 0953
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Building Up Earth Observing System for DE
New Missions of China

• Marine Satellite HY-2
• Meteorological Satellite FY-3, 4
• Land Resources Satellite-
• 
  CBERS-03/04
• High Performance Small EO Satellite
• Small Satellite Constellation for Environment
  and Disaster Monitoring
• The meteorological satellites, resource
  satellites, oceanic satellites and disaster
  monitoring satellites can be developed into an
  earth observation system for long-term stable
  operation to conduct stereoscopic observation and
  dynamic monitoring of the land, atmosphere, and
  oceanic environments of the country, the
  peripheral regions and even the whole globe.

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Sensors and Technical Parameters of CBERS-03/04
2003-2009
CCD(Pan) CCD(MSS) IRMSS WFI
Channel 530-900nm 450-520nm 520-590nm 630-690nm 770-890nm 0.76-0.90?m 1.55-1.75?m 2.08-2.35?m 10.4-12.5?m 520-590nm 630-690nm 770-890nm
Resolution 5m 10m 20m 40/40/40//80m 258m
Side Look 30? 30? No No
Swath width 60km 120km gt120km 890km
Quantity 8bit 8 bit 8 bit 10 bit
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HJ-1A, HJ-1B(optical sat.) and HJ-1C (SAR) will
be launched within next 2 years.
Optical Satellite Configuration
Disaster, Environment Monitoring and Forecast
Small Satellite Constellation in orbit
SAR Satellite Configuration
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Disaster, Environment Monitoring and Forecast
Small Satellite Constellation
S Band SAR Specification Altitude
500 km Frequency S
band Polarization VV Incident Angle
25-47? Resolution 20 m (4
looks) Swath 100km SAR Wight
200 kg Antenna size 6m2.8m
The Main Characteristics of SFTHSI (Stationary
Fourier Transform Hyperspectral Imager)
Performance of the IR camera
Parameter Value Value Value Value Value Value Value
Swath(Km) 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Band(µm) 0.751.1 1.551.75 1.551.75 3.53.9 3.53.9 10.512.5 10.512.5
GSD 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others) 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others) 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others) 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others) 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others) 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others) 300m(10.512.5µm),150m(others)
Radiosensitivity (NE???NE?T) 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1K 1K 1K
Calibration accuracy Absolute value5,relative value10 Absolute value5,relative value10 Absolute value5,relative value10 Absolute value5,relative value10 2K 2K 2K
Data Quantization 10bit 10bit 10bit 10bit 10bit 10bit 10bit
Orbit altitude 650km 650km 650km 650km 650km 650km 650km
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Disaster, Environment Monitoring and Forecast
Small Satellite Constellation
National Disaster Mitigation Center National
Satellite Environmental Monitoring and
Forecasting Center
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Planned Sensors for FY-3 Satellite

• Visible and InfraRed Radiometer (VIRR)
• Moderate Resolution Visible and Infrared Imager
  MODI)
• Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI)
• FY-3A Sounding Mission Payloads
• Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (IRAS)
• MicroWave atmospheric Temperature Sounder (MWTS)
• Microwave atmospheric Humidity Sounder (MWHS)
• Total Ozone Mapper and Ozone Profiler (TOM/OP)
• The Earth Radiation Budget Unit (ERBU)
• Space Environment Monitoring Unit (SEMU)

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HY-2 Satellite
Satellite Sensor Detecting Targets Applications
HY-2 Microwave Scatterometer Radar Altimeter Microwave Radiator Sea wind field Sea surface height Effect wave height Gravity field Ocean current Sea surface temperature Also for Sea wind speed, water vapor etc. Early warning of sea wind field, sea state, storm etc Local ocean gravity field, regional geoidal height, ocean current etc. Also for ocean dynamic process study, large-medium scale weather process, rainfall forecast, etc.
HY-2 will be launched in 2007
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Building Up Earth Observing System for DE
China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Station
was/is able to receive many kinds of satellite
data, including Landsat, JERS-1, ERS-1/2,
Radarsat, CBERS, Envisat ASAR data.
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Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Earth
Observing System
Quantitative Remote Sensing
Quantitative Remote Sensing
Calibration Characterization Validation
Pre-launch
On-board calibration
Laboratory calibration
Post-launch
Ground validation / vicarious calibration
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Ground Truthing and Vicarious Calibration
Set up China Remote Sensing Satellite
Radiometric Calibration Site in West China
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Airborne Earth Observing System

• Operational and Modular Imaging Spectrometer
• Wide FOV Area Array CCD Hyperspectral Imager
• High Resolution CCD Area Array Digital
• Photogrammetric Camera
• 3-D Imager
• L-band SAR

WHI
L-SAR
3-D Imager
High Resolution CCD Camera
OMIS
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OMIS
R2.08-2.35?m G916.8nm B608.2nm
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PHI
Hyperspectral Image of Beihai City, Guangxi
Province
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CCD
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3-D Image of Pudong Area, Shanghai
Height
Unit m
Elevation Map of Buildings Produced from 3-D
Imager
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L-SAR Image of Dujiangyan Area, Sichuan Province
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Airborne Interferometric SAR System
IECAS-InSAR System is the first airborne
Interferometric SAR system in China. The system
works at multi-modes in order to meet the
different requirement of scale and swath.
Main Specifications
Frequency X-Band Polarization HH Incident
Angle 3070 deg. Altitude 1, 000 8,000,
Selectable Swath 1 10 km Height Measurement
Accuracy 5m
3-D Rendering Image
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Digital Earth Development and Future Prospect
1999 China initiated the First International
Symposium on Digital Earth 2001 The
Second ISDE was held in Fredericton, Canada 2003
The Third ISDE was held in Brno, Czech
Republic 2005 The Fourth ISDE was held in Tokyo,
Japan
International Society on Digital Earth
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Digital Earth Summit Conference on Sustainability
will be held in New Zealand in April 2006 The
5th International Symposium on Digital Earth will
be convened in San Francisco, 2007
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ISDE OFFICIAL LAUNCH
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Building Digital Earth Prototype System (DEPS)

• The DEPS of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
• A project of Knowledge Innovation Program of
  CAS
• Aiming at conducting research on theories and
  models
• of Digital Earth
• Establishing a system with functions of storage,
  query
• and index for TB level spatial data.
• Providing a common sharing platform for
  interdisciplinary
• geoscience research on data fusion, data
  mining,
• knowledge discovery, simulation and
  prediction.

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Key Technology

• High performance scientific computing ability
• Vast amount data storage and update technology
• Meta-data management technology
• Multi-data fusion technology
• Virtual Reality technology
• Data compressing and fast rewinding technology
• Data mining and intelligent processing
• WebGIS and interactive operation technology

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Components of DEPS

• Data Receiving and Fast Processing Subsystem
• Grid Computing Subsystem
• Spatial Information Database Subsystem
• Meta-data Service Subsystem
• Model Base Subsystem
• Map Service subsystem
• Virtual Reality subsystem

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Application Modules

• Environmental Monitoring
• Land use and land cover change
• Crop Growth monitoring
• Remote sensing archaeology
• Flood monitoring
• Urbanization
• ..

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(No Transcript)
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Thank You