A Brief History of Astronomy

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Your remarks, like those of Harriet Miers and
Joshua Bolten, are limited by executive
privilege. Be careful what you say people have
accidents.
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Back to the Burka!
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A Brief History of Astronomy

• Nuclear Astrophysics Beyond the First 50 Years
• Caltech 26 July 2007
• Michael S. Turner
• Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics

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Progress and Vitality of Astronomy Driven by
Ideas, People and Technology from Physics
Doubtless, physics has profited greatly from
astronomy Newton, Einstein, new elements, new
forms of matter and energy, neutrino mass, a
heavenly lab and new puzzles!
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Galileo, Physicist and Inventor of the Telescope
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The first missing matter found (25)
Father of Astrophysics
Janssens and Lockyer Discovers of He
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National Helium Monument Celebrating 100th
Anniversary of Discovery
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Solar Physicist, Founder of the first
astrophysics department, the Astrophysical
Journal and modern observational astronomy
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Five Modern Waves

• Quantum Mechanics
• General Relativity
• Nuclear Physics
• Radio (followed later by x-ray, infrared, gamma,
  cosmic rays, neutrinos, gravity waves, )
• Elementary Particle Physics

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Degenerate Quantum Matter The Stable End States
of Most Stars
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The Einstein Invasion
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Legacy of General Relativity

• Cosmology
• Black Holes
• Quasars
• Gravitational Lensing
• Gravitational Waves
• Relativistic Stars

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NUCLEAR PHYSICS
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The Puzzle of the Sun
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The Big Prize
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A More Beautiful Idea
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• New Ideas
• Particle dark matter, inflation, baryogenesis,
  unification, supersymmetry, phase transitions
• New Techniques
• Neutrinos, accelerators, specialized detectors,
  the Universe as a Heavenly Laboratory
• New People
• Guth, Linde, Perlmutter, Sadoulet,
• Winstein, and me

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Triumphs of Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics

• The Source of Energy in the Sun
• Prediction of the CMB
• The Hot Big Bang
• The Origin of the Periodic Table
• Origin of the Light Elements
• He-4 critical test of the big bang
• D baryon density Precision Cosmology
• Age of the Universe
• Supernovae types Ia and II
• Exotic Dark Matter
• Neutrino Mass

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Precision Cosmology (and accurate too)
CMB (first to second peak) Obh2 0.022
0.0007 vs. BBN (Deuterium) Obh2 0.021
0.001 5 agreement Ob 0.042 0.002
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From Here to Eternity
Gerry Heres the sex
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The Adventure Ahead

• Dark Matter Particle
• Production and Evolution of the Chemical
  Elements
• Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Rays from 1 GeV
  to 1012 GeV (and beyond?)
• Nature of Dark Energy
• How Neutrinos Shaped the Universe
• Supernovae, GRBs and Black Holes
• Creation of the Universe
• Origin of Matter
• New Windows on the Universe
• Destiny of the Universe

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Some Final Observations

• Simon is right there are distortions, changes
  and even collateral damage but it is outweighed
  by the benefits
• Expands and entangles the agendas of both fields
• Maintains the vitality of both fields by bringing
  in new people and new ideas
• Cross fertilization of both fields
• The interdisciplinary is truly an examplar for
  modern interdisciplinary science