ANIMAL AGRICULTURE

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ANIMAL AGRICULTURE
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Ag 101 The Science of Agriculture

• ag.ri.cul.ture
• From Latin agricultura
• From
• agerfield
• Culturacultivate

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Ag 101 The Science of Agriculture

• Animal Science and Plant Science
• Animal Science
• Cattle Dairy and Beef
• Swine
• Small ruminants Sheep and Goats
• Horses
• Poultry

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Ag 101 The Science of Agriculture
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Basic Human Needs

• Food-meat, milk, eggs
• Clothing-wool, hair, hides, pelts
• Work Power-draft, guide, guard
• Shelter-hides, manure
• Fuels-fats, oils, manure
• Emotional well being-companion animals
• Physical well being-entertainment products

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Human Diet

• 66 of protein consumption from animals
• Average U.S household spends 10-12 of
  disposable income on food
• Animal Protein gt Plant Protein (Quality)
• Conjugated Linoleic Acid- fatty acid that help
  reduce incidence of cancer in humans
• Nutrient Density- high ratio of nutrients to
  calories

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Geography

• 40 of earths land is not suitable for
  cultivation of crops for human consumption,
  therefore most of this land is range pasture.

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Ag 101 The Science of Agriculture
29 Land
Earth Surface 112 Billion Acres 71Water
US 7 Worlds land
U.S. has only 1/12 acre of cropland per each
person in world
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By-Products Feed

• Citrus Pulp
• Sugar Beet Pulp
• Brewers Grains
• Meat Bone Meal
• Cottonseed Hulls Meal

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Ruminates

• Ruminate animals have the unique ability to
  breakdown cellulose into absorbable nutrients.
• Ruminates- cows, sheep, goats, deer, etc.
• Monogastrics can not metabolize cellulose.
• Monogastrics- humans, pigs, dogs, etc.

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Nutrient Catagories

• Water- cheapest most important
• Carbohydrates- energy
• Fats/Lipids- dense energy (2.25X gt CHO)
• Proteins- build muscle cell structure (AA)
• Minerals- function of body proteins
• Vitamins- enzyme cofactors hormones

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Animal Classification
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What do they eat?

• Carnivore- primarily eat meat
• Herbivore- plant eaters
• Omnivore- both plants meat

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Digestive Anatomy?

• Ruminants- 4 stomach compartments
• Monogastric- 1 stomach

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Reproduction?

• Oviparous- egg layers
• Viviparous- produce living young

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Other Factors

• Warm blooded vs Cold blooded
• Vertebrate vs Invertebrate
• Economic Use companion, meat, milk, draft