Title: Electronic Data Interchange EDI and SCM
1Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and SCM
- Define Electronic Data Interchange, Exchange
- Give characteristics of EDI
- Discuss benefits of EDI, as well as barriers to
its implementation - Describe how EDI works, and how it is moving to
the Internet - Contrast common (ANSI/ASC) EDI with Internet EDI
and Exchanges
2Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
- Strategic Impact of EDI
- Definition of EDI
- Example of EDI
- How EDI works
- Benefits of EDI
- Direct and Process
- Barriers to EDI Adoption
- Advantages, Disadvantages and Characteristics of
VANs - EDI Implementation Model
- EDI migration to the internet
3Strategic Impact of EDI
- Business processes can become more efficient
- Customer-supplier relationships may change
- more trust and collaboration
- Market structure changes
4Definition of EDI
- The direct computer-to-computer transfer of
business information between two businesses that
uses a standard format. - Focus on trade data interchange
- Often use VANs (Value-added networks)
- Use of standards
5EDI Standards
- Companies speak precisely the same language
- Same codes in same places
- Proprietary codes --gt to standards (X12,
EDIFACT,X400) - Different computers can communicate with one
another
6EDI Standards
- In 1968, the Transportation Data Coordination
Committee was formed, charged with exploring ways
to reduce the paperwork burden - American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
coordinating body for standards in the United
States since 1918 - Accredited Standards Committee X12 (ASC X12)
chartered by ANSI in 1979 to develop EDI
standards - The current ASC X12 standard includes
specifications for several hundred transaction
sets
7Commonly Used ASC X12 Transaction Sets Figure 9-3
8EDI Example - Before
9EDI Example - Before
10EDI Example - After
11EDI Example - After
12The EDI Purchasing Process Figure 9-6
13Types of EDI Benefits
- Direct
- Process
- require reengineering
- can only be realized with all trading partners
are on EDI - can revolutionize the way business is done
14Direct Benefits of EDI
- Eliminated/reduced paper work
- Greater accuracy
- Shorter lead times
- Less inventory costs
- More responsiveness to customer
- Reduced postage
- Easier product comparison
15Process Benefits of EDI
- No redundant clerical tasks
- Fewer steps to process business documents
- No redundant information exchanges
- Reengineered operations
- Promotes true partnerships
16Examples of EDI Benefits
- AIAG - Automakers save 200 per car
- A large computer manufacturer reduced purchase
order cycle from 7 to 2 days - A supermarket chain eliminated 600 invoice
errors/day (6,000/day savings) - The US Treasury plans to save 50 Million per
year in postage - Dofasco saves 70,000 annually sending 400 ship
notices and chemistry reports over a secure
extranet.
17Barriers to Adoption
- Trading partners not knowing benefits
- Hardware costs
- Interfacing translator, software costs
- Need for software modifications
- Network (VAN) service charges
- Costs and effort for trading partner conversion
18Trading Partner Concerns in EDI Implementation
Benefits
Costs
EDI
Trust
Dependency
19Value Added Networks
- Trading partners can implement the EDI network
and EDI translation process in several ways, each
using one of two basic approaches - Direct connection
- Indirect connection
20Direct Connection BetweenTrading Partners
- Requires each business in the network to operate
its own on-site EDI translator computer - EDI translator computers are connected to each
other using modems or dedicated leased lines - Trading partners using different protocols can
make direct connection options difficult to
implement
21Indirect Connection BetweenTrading Partners
- Companies use the services of a value-added
network (VAN) - The VAN provides communications equipment,
software, and skills needed to receive, store,
and forward electronic messages containing EDI
transaction sets - The VAN often supplies the software needed to
connect to its services - From 95 of all EDI traffic in 1997 to 50 in 2002
22Direct Connection EDI vs. Indirect Connection
EDI through a VAN Figure 9-7
23Advantages of Using aValue Added Network
- Users support only one communications protocol
- The VAN records activity in an audit log,
providing an independent record of transactions - The VAN can provide translation between different
transaction sets - The VAN can perform automatic compliance checks
to ensure the transaction set is in the specified
EDI format
24Disadvantages of Using aValue Added Network
- Most VANs require an enrollment fee, a monthly
maintenance fee, and a transaction fee - VANs can be cumbersome and expensive for
companies with trading partners using different
VANs - Inter-VAN transfers do not always provide a clear
audit trail
25Electronic Data Transmission Migration
26Internet EDI
- First waveuse of internet to send EDI
transaction set data to and from a VAN - Second wavetransmission of EDI transaction set
data over public Internet - Third wavetransmission of electronic data over
public/private internet
27EDI on the Internet
- Viewed as a replacement for expensive leased
lines and dial-up connections - Small companies can get back in the game of
selling to large customers the demanded EDI
capabilities of their suppliers - Concerns about security and lack of audit logs
continue to be a major roadblock - Takes advantage of open architecture
28Open Architecture of the Internet
- A new ASC X12 Task Group has been charged with
several broad objectives - Converting the ASC X12 EDI data elements and
transaction set structures to XML, retaining
one-to-one mapping - Developing XML data element names consistent with
existing ASC X12 transaction sets - Meeting the needs of app-to-app and human-to-app
interfaces
29Hybrid EDI Solutions
- Utilize the Internet for only part of an EDI
transaction, ones where the transactions are not
considered a negotiable instrument - Bottomline Technologies PayBase package allows
hybrid EDI - NetTransact provides an interface for smaller
businesses connected to the Internet, but do not
have EDI capability
30NetTransact EDI-HTML Conversion Service Figure 9-8
31Comparison of EDI Standards
- EDI STANDARDS
- (ASC/ANSI)
- Security provided by private networks
- EFT (Electronic Funds Transmission) - standard
for wire payments between client and vendor - Transactions sets (810-invoices850, 855- POs)
- INTERNET STANDARDS
- SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
- SET (Secure Electroic Transactions) - protocol
proposed by Visa/MC for Net - No transaction standards
32Changes on the Horizon
- S/MIME protocol which enables e-mail applications
to verify transmission and receipt of EDI
messages - Products to map Web EDI transactions sent in
multiple formats to legacy EDI applications - XML
- Exchanges
- Vertical
- Horizontal
33Definition Exchange
- Web-based real-time transaction systems
characterized by industry-specific alliances,
standard-setting bodies and marketplaces.
34Products to Smooth EDI Wrinkles
- GEISs TradeWeb - an entry-level forms-based
service with which subscribers can send up to 30
EDI documents a month over the Internet using a
standard Web browser for flat fee (75/mo) (and a
35 initiation fee) - PO, PO acknowledgement, Invoice, Functional
acknowledgement - GEISs services available in English, French,
German and Italian - GEISs Trading Process Network for posting
EDI-based forms on the Web
35Products to Smooth EDI Wrinkles (Light EDI)
- Other Vans with Internet Browser Interfaces
- http//www.simplix.com
- Simplex - 200 registration fee and 75/mo
- http//www.bid-search.com/cedis
- Creative EDI Solutions - 50 registration fee and
service charge (min. 15 with 4 transactions)
36Financial EDI
- A trading partners bank is called a Financial
EDI (FEDI) - Many trading partners are reluctant to send FEDI
transfers for large sums of money over the
Internet - Companies may opt to establish an indirect
connection through a VAN for the added security
for FEDI transaction