Sustainable Energy Use and Energy Supply

1
Sustainable Energy Use and Energy Supply A
Challenge for the Future J.-Fr. Hake / R.
Eich Research Centre Jülich / Germany
International Energy Workshop IIASA, Laxenburg -
May 19 21, 2003
2
Introduction

• Sustainable Development
• Global Issues
• National Issues

• Energy Dimension of Sustainable Development
• Global Issues
• Brundtland-Commission
• UN-Summit in Rio de Janeiro
• UN-Summit in Johannesburg
• National (German) Issues

3
Actors
social
economic
ecological
N G O
United Nations
global
European Union
supra-national
Governments
national
local
Administrations
4
Sustainable Development in Germany (I)

• Government
• Key Elements of the national Strategy
• Generation Justice,
• Quality of Life,
• Social Co-Operation and
• International Responsibility

• Topics of the Green Cabinet
• Decoupling the demand for energy and other
  natural resources from economic growth,
• Reduction of primary energy demand by increased
  efficiency and rational use of energy,
• Improvements in energy services and
• Emphasis on renewable energy and reduced usage
  of fossil and nuclear energy

5
German Catalogue of SD Indicators
6
Sustainable Development in Germany (II)

• Parliament
• Study Commissions
• Climate Change
• Sustainable Energy

• Topics of the Study Commission Sustainable
  Energy
• Goals and Indicators
• Instruments
• Measures

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Energy Demand in Germany
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Missing Capacities in Germany from 2010
Kraftwerkskapazitäten in Deutschland (GW) jünger
als 40 Jahre
Sonstige
40.000 MW Ersatzbedarf zwischen 2010 und 2020
40.000 MW Ersatzbedarf zwischen 2010 und 2020
Erdgas
Steinkohle
Braunkohle
Kernenergie
Wasser
Quelle RWE 2001
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Core Indicators of the Study Commission
Sustainable Energy
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CO2-Emissions
EU-15
Germany
1200
1000
Kraft- und Fernheizwerke
Industriefeuerungen
800
Kleinverbraucher
Mio. t
600
Haushalte
übriger Verkehr
400
Straßenverkehr
200
Industrieprozesse
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
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Other Emissions in Germany
NOx-Emissions
3000
Kraft- und Fernheizwerke
2500
Industriefeuerungen
2000
Kleinverbraucher
1500
kt
Haushalte
übriger Verkehr
1000
Straßenverkehr
500
Industrieprozesse
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
CO-Emissions
Dust
12000
2000
Kraft- und Fernheizwerke
Kraft- und Fernheizwerke
10000
Industriefeuerungen
Industriefeuerungen
1500
8000
Kleinverbraucher
Kleinverbraucher
6000
kt
Haushalte
kt
1000
Haushalte
übriger Verkehr
4000
übriger Verkehr
500
Straßenverkehr
Straßenverkehr
2000
Industrieprozesse
Industrieprozesse
0
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
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Other Emissions in EU-15
NOx-Emissions EU-15
SO2-Emissions EU-15
15000
20000
15000
10000
kt
kt
10000
5000
5000
0
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Dust EU-15
CO-Emissions EU-15
20000
60000
50000
15000
40000
kt
10000
kt
30000
20000
5000
10000
0
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
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Expenditures for Energy RD
USA, Germany, Japan
EU-15
Germany
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Conclusions (I)

• General
• Sustainable Development represents an open
  process with respect to decisions of present and
  future generations
• Societal and political decision making has to
  reflect that the understanding of the
  corresponding natural and social systems is not
  yet complete

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Conclusions (II)

• For the energy sector
• The approach to Sustainable Development starts in
  many cases from the supply side of energy
  assuming that new and advanced technology will
  suffice to full-fill demand
• The assessment of existing energy technologies
  does not yet show a consistent picture.
• One-side approaches focussing on efficiency will
  probably not be sufficient as many experts
  already have pointed out
• Increased efficiency has to be complemented by
  rational use of energy including all aspects up
  to questioning consumption patterns particular
  in the industrialised countries

Gap between vision and reality can only be closed
by intensified science and research
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Thanks for your Attention!