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Managing GM Canola on the Farm

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Easier and better weed control. Used in weedy fields to clean up ... Honeybee Behaviour in Canola Crops. Sprayed flowering canola fields with fluorescent dye ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Managing GM Canola on the Farm


1
Managing GM Canola on the Farm
Dr. Christopher Preston CRC for Australian Weed
Management and University of Adelaide
2
GM Canola What Might it Do For You?
  • In Canada
  • Easier and better weed control
  • Used in weedy fields to clean up
  • Manage herbicide resistant weeds
  • Increased profit due to
  • Increased yield
  • Lower costs
  • Reduced fuel consumption
  • Assisted move to no-till

3
TT Canola has a Yield Penalty
From Robertson et al. 2002 Australian Journal of
Agricultural Research 53 643-651
4
Hybrids
  • 70 of canola grown in Canada is hybrid
  • In Canada, hybrids yield up to 30 higher than
    open-pollinated varieties
  • Cytoplasmic male sterility and the triazine
    resistance trait are both maternally inherited.
    This is why we currently have no TT hybrids

5
Hybrids Improve Weed Control in Canada
Open pollinated

In Vigor Hybrid
Photos John ODonovan
6
Potential Negative Impacts of GM Canola
  • Adventitious presence
  • Seed dispersal
  • Pollen movement
  • Management of volunteers
  • Herbicide resistant weeds

7
Gene Flow Between Canola Crops
Resistance in sink fields
8
Honeybee Behaviour in Canola Crops
  • Sprayed flowering canola fields with fluorescent
    dye
  • Collected bees from the treated field and the
    adjacent field separated by a road 24 h later
  • At full flowering 2 - 4 of bees marked with the
    dye were in the adjacent field
  • When flowers were sparse, 19 of bees marked with
    a dye were in the adjacent field
  • Model simulations suggest canola out crossing
    between fields will be low and will be influenced
    by hive number and when hives are placed

9
Worst Case Scenario Predicted Spread by
Honeybees
Effect of field size
10
Out Crossing to Weeds
  • Out crossing between canola and wild radish
  • Planted herbicide resistant wild radish in
    susceptible canola and vice versa
  • Tested seed of susceptible species for resistance
  • Tested 52 million seedlings
  • Found 2 hybrids, 1 in 26 million frequency
  • Hybrids are self pollinated and have low seed
    dormancy

11
Herbicide Resistant Canola Volunteers
  • A problem in Canada in the early days of GM
    canola use
  • Examined canola seed banks in South Australia
    across 3 years.
  • No germination of seed from 2.5 years after
    harvest

12
Selection for Herbicide Resistance
  • Glufosinate is a low risk herbicide not used
    anywhere else in the rotation
  • Glyphosate is also a low risk herbicide, but is
    already used extensively in the rotation

13
Glyphosate Resistance Risk Factors
  • Intensive use of glyphosate
  • No other effective herbicides
  • Little or no tillage

A. Storrie
R. May C. Preston
  • Assess glyphosate risk before growing Roundup
    Ready Canola
  • Take action to reduce risk

14
Glyphosate Resistance in Australia
15
Stewardship and Crop Management Plans
  • A requirement as part of the license
  • Access to the technology will require an
    accredited agronomist
  • Requirements regarding
  • Where the crop can be grown
  • Management of seed
  • Management of herbicides
  • Management of volunteers
  • Adverse effect reporting
  • Audits of areas sown and CMP implementation

16
Managing GM Canola on the Farm
  • Decide whether Roundup Ready or InVigor canola
    suits your farming system
  • Use the canola to maximise weed control potential
  • Dont plant Roundup Ready canola in high risk
    paddocks
  • Manage canola volunteers
  • Use a herbicide other than glyphosate for
    knockdown weed control in the year after Roundup
    Ready canola
  • Monitor crops for potential glyphosate resistant
    weeds and stop seed set
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